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- Aschim, Elin L, et al.
(författare)
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The RsaI polymorphism in the ER{beta} gene is associated with male infertility.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 90:Jul 5, s. 5343-5348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Hypospadias, cryptorchidism, testicular cancer, and low semen quality have been proposed as being parts of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) hypothetically due to changes in the androgen- estrogen balance in utero. Estrogens and estrogen receptors (ERs) play a role in regulating testicular function. ER beta contains two silent polymorphisms, RsaI (G1082A) and AluI (G1730A). Objective: We investigated the significance of these polymorphisms in the etiology of disorders being part of TDS. Setting: The patients were recruited consecutively through university hospital clinics. Participants: Four groups of Caucasian patients were included: 106 men from infertile couples with a sperm concentration less than 5 x 106 spermatozoa/ ml, 86 testicular cancer patients, 51 boys with hypospadias, and 23 cases with cryptorchidism. Military conscripts (n = 186) with sperm concentration higher than 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ ml served as controls. Main Outcome Measures: ER beta polymorphisms RsaI and AluI were determined by allele-specific PCR. In addition, reproductive hormone analyses were performed in controls and infertile men. Results: Compared with the controls, the frequency of the heterozygous RsaI AG-genotype was three times higher in infertile men (13.2 vs. 4.3%; P = 0.01). The heterozygous RsaI AG-genotype was associated with an approximately 20% reduction in LH concentration, compared with the wild-type RsaI GG genotype in both controls and infertile men. Subjects with testicular cancer, hypospadias, or cryptorchidism did not differ from controls regarding the frequency of any of the polymorphisms. Conclusions: Polymorphisms in ER beta may have modulating effects on human spermatogenesis. The phenotype of TDS seems to be, at least partly, determined by the genotype.
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| 2. |
- Andersen, Jorunn M, et al.
(författare)
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Body Mass Index Is Associated with Impaired Semen Characteristics and Reduced Levels of Anti-Müllerian Hormone across a Wide Weight Range.
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is still controversy as to how body mass index (BMI) affects male reproduction. We investigated how BMI is associated with semen quality and reproductive hormones in 166 men, including 38 severely obese men. Standard semen analysis and sperm DNA integrity analysis were performed, and blood samples were analysed for reproductive hormones. Adjusted for age and time of abstinence, BMI was negatively associated with sperm concentration (B = -0.088, P = 0.009), total sperm count (B = -0.223, P = 0.001), progressive sperm motility (B = -0.675, P = 0.007), normal sperm morphology (B = -0.078, P = 0.001), and percentage of vital spermatozoa (B = -0.006, P = 0.027). A negative relationship was observed between BMI and total testosterone (B = -0.378, P < 0.001), sex hormone binding globulin (B = -0.572, P < 0.001), inhibin B (B = -3.120, P < 0.001) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (B = -0.009, P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that high BMI is negatively associated with semen characteristics and serum levels of AMH.
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