| 1. |
- Bissett, Sara L., et al.
(författare)
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Human Papillomavirus Antibody Reference Reagents for Use in Postvaccination Surveillance Serology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. - 1556-6811 .- 1556-679X. ; 19:3, s. 449-451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suitably controlled serosurveillance surveys are essential for evaluating human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization programs. A panel of plasma samples from 18-year-old females was assembled, the majority of the samples being from recipients of the bivalent HPV vaccine. Antibody specificities were evaluated by three independent laboratories, and 3 pools that displayed no antibodies to any HPV type tested or intermediate or high levels of antibody to HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, and HPV45 were created. These pools will be useful as control reagents for HPV serology.
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| 2. |
- Mesher, David, et al.
(författare)
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Population-level effects of human papillomavirus vaccination programs on infections with nonvaccine genotypes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 22:10, s. 1732-1740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyzed human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalences during prevaccination and postvaccination periods to consider possible changes in nonvaccine HPV genotypes after introduction of vaccines that confer protection against 2 high-risk types, HPV16 and HPV18. Our meta-analysis included 9 studies with data for 13,886 girls and women ≤19 years of age and 23,340 women 20–24 years of age. We found evidence of cross-protection for HPV31 among the younger age group after vaccine introduction but little evidence for reductions of HPV33 and HPV45. For the group this same age group, we also found slight increases in 2 nonvaccine high-risk HPV types (HPV39 and HPV52) and in 2 possible high-risk types (HPV53 and HPV73). However, results between age groups and vaccines used were inconsistent, and the increases had possible alternative explanations; consequently, these data provided no clear evidence for type replacement. Continued monitoring of these HPV genotypes is important.
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| 3. |
- Oeser, Clarissa, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility and acceptability of home-based self-collection of multiple vaginal swabs in a general population survey in Britain′s fourth National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles-4 (Natsal-4)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0148-5717 .- 1537-4521. ; 51:1S, s. S318-S319
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Despite greater sensitivity of vaginal swabs compared to urine for detection of STIs and high acceptability in clinical settings, acceptability and feasibility of home-based self-collected vaginal swabs for research are less certain. We undertook development work to test these attributes for self-collected vaginal swabs for Natsal-4, a probability sample, interviewer-administered, survey of the ritish population aged 16-59 years.Methods: We conducted two pilot studies in 2021-22. After completing an interview, all participants identifying as cisgender women were invited to provide three self-collected vaginal swabs, with procedures for providing samples during or afte rface-to-face interviews or after remote interviews. Samples were posted to the laboratory. Consent was provided with the understanding of non-return of results. Participants declining vaginal swabs were invited to provide urine. Interviewers were not clinically trained. Qualitative follow-up interviews were conducted with participants and interviewers provided feedback.Results: Of the 153 cisgender women interviewed, 77 (50%) agreed to provide a vaginal swab, and 22 preferred to provide urine, resulting in an overall biosample consent rate of 65%. Of these, 60 swabs and 18 urine samples were received (Figure), resulting in an overall response of 51% (39% for vaginal swabs). Of the 77 who consented to provide swabs, 43 (56%) were during face-to-face interviews, of which 95% were received, compared to 13 (17%) agreeing to collection after face-to-face with 54% received, and 21 (27%) choosing remote interviews with 57% received. Fourteen participants (10 provided swabs) gave follow-up interviews and seven interviewers provided feedback. Participants conveyed their motivation to support research by giving samples. Interviewers were surprised at participants’ willingness to provide swabs. Reasons for not providing a swab included the belief that it was uncomfortable, too intimate or not relevant for their circumstances, or that urine was easier to collect.Conclusion: Our findings show that self-collection of vaginal swabs at home facilitated by non-clinically trained interviewers for a population-based probability survey is feasible and acceptable. Mode of interview and timing of sample collection are important as they affect response rate. Vaginal swab collection was incorporated into the main Natsal-4study with similar response to date.
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| 4. |
- Pitt, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium sampled from the British general population
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 96:6, s. 464-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Mycoplasma genitaliumis a common sexually transmitted infection. Treatment guidelines focus on those with symptoms and sexual contacts, generally with regimens including doxycycline and/or azithromycin as first-line and moxifloxacin as second-line treatment. We investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-conferring mutations inM. genitaliumamong the sexually-active British general population.Methods: The third national survey of sexual attitudes and lifestyles (Natsal-3) is a probability sample survey of 15 162 men and women aged 16-74 years in Britain conducted during 2010-12. Urine test results forM. genitaliumwere available for 4507 participants aged 16-44 years reporting>1 lifetime sexual partner. In this study, we sequenced regions of the 23S rRNA andparCgenes to detect known genotypic determinants for resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones respectively.Results: 94% (66/70) of specimens were re-confirmed asM. genitaliumpositive, with successful sequencing in 85% (56/66) for 23S rRNA and 92% (61/66) forparCgenes. Mutations in 23S rRNA gene (position A2058/A2059) were detected in 16.1% (95%CI: 8.6% to 27.8%) and inparC(encodingParCD87N/D87Y) in 3.3% (0.9%-11.2%). Macrolide resistance was more likely in participants reporting STI diagnoses (past 5 years) (44.4% (18.9%-73.3%) vs 10.6% (4.6%-22.6%); p=0.029) or sexual health clinic attendance (past year) (43.8% (23.1%-66.8%) vs 5.0% (1.4%-16.5%); p=0.001). All 11 participants with AMR-conferring mutations had attended sexual health clinics (past 5 years), but none reported recent symptoms.Conclusions: This study highlights challenges inM. genitaliummanagement and control. Macrolide resistance was present in one in six specimens from the general population in 2010-2012, but no participants with AMRM. genitaliumreported symptoms. Given anticipated increases in diagnostic testing, new strategies including novel antimicrobials, AMR-guided therapy, and surveillance of AMR and treatment failure are recommended.
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