| 1. |
- Gotfredsen, Klaus, et al.
(författare)
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Implants and/or teeth: consensus statements and recommendations.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of oral rehabilitation. - : Wiley. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 35:Suppl 1, s. 2-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In August 23-25, 2007, the Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry in collaboration with the Danish Society of Oral Implantology arranged a consensus conference on the topic 'Implants and/or teeth'. It was preceded by a workshop in which eight focused questions were raised and answered in eight review articles using a systematic approach. Twenty-eight academicians and clinicians discussed the eight review papers with the purpose to reach consensus on questions relevant for the topic. At the conference the consensus statements were presented as well as lectures based on the review articles. In this article the methods used at the consensus workshop are briefly described followed by the statements with comments.
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| 2. |
- Bergendal, B., et al.
(författare)
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Living with facial disfigurement- Strategies for individuals and care management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Special Care in Dentistry. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0275-1879. ; 31:6, s. 216-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals and families affected by craniofacial disorders have expressed dissatisfaction with their experiences in the healthcare system, with day care, and in school situations. To capture their views, focus group encounters were done in a group of young individuals with these disorders and in a group of parents whose children were affected. The aim was to synthesize their attitudes and experiences into improved strategies for parents, teenagers, and professionals in the healthcare system. Their views were compiled into a document that emphasizes the responsibilities of persons with craniofacial disorders and their parents to actively seek information on diagnosis and treatment options and to participate in decisions on therapy. The conclusion was that it is not lack of specific knowledge but rather a lack of implementation of existing recommendations that makes living with facial disfigurement difficult for many individuals and their families. © 2011 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bergendal, A, et al.
(författare)
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Concomitant use of two or more antipsychotic drugs is common in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology. - : SAGE Publications. - 2045-1253 .- 2045-1261. ; 5:4, s. 224-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assess the prevalence of concomitant use of two or more antipsychotic drugs and other psychotropic drugs in the Swedish population. Methods: Data for this observational cohort study were collected from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register including all dispensed drugs to the entire Swedish population (9.4 million inhabitants). We identified all individuals with at least one dispensed prescription of antipsychotic drug during January to June 2008. After 12 months, a second exposure period was chosen. Individuals who were dispensed two or more antipsychotic drugs in both periods were considered long-time users of antipsychotic polypharmacy. Results: In 2008, 1.5% of the Swedish population was dispensed antipsychotic drugs, the majority (75%) using only one antipsychotic drug. Out of individuals who were dispensed 2 or more antipsychotic drugs during the first period, 62% also was also dispensed at least 2 antipsychotic drugs during the second period. A total of 665 different unique combinations were used in 2008. Individuals prescribed two or more antipsychotic drugs during both periods were more often dispensed anxiolytics and sedatives than those who were dispensed only one antipsychotic drug. Elderly were dispensed antipsychotic drugs much more often than younger persons. Conclusions: In Sweden, 25% of patients dispensed antipsychotic drugs receive a combination of two or more antipsychotic drugs. Individuals who are dispensed antipsychotic polypharmacy are more often dispensed anxiolytics and sedatives than those prescribed only one antipsychotic drug. Long-term observational studies are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of such combinations.
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| 5. |
- Bergendal, A, et al.
(författare)
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Extent of salmeterol-mediated reassertion of relaxation in guinea-pig trachea pretreated with aliphatic side chain structural analogues
- 1996
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Ingår i: British Journal of Pharmacology. - 1476-5381. ; 117:6, s. 1009-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Salmeterol is a potent, selective and long acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. In vitro, salmeterol exerts 'reassertion' relaxation of airways smooth muscle. Reassertion relaxation refers to the capacity of salmeterol to cause repeated functional antagonism of induced contraction when airway smooth muscle is intermittently exposed to, then washed free from, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists such as sotalol. The mechanism(s) underlying reassertion relaxation are unknown but may relate to high affinity binding of the long aliphatic side chain of salmeterol to an accessory site, distinct from the agonist recognition site, in or near the beta 2-adrenoceptor (exosite binding hypothesis). 2. In order to test the exosite hypothesis, three pure analogues of salmeterol, each exactly preserving the molecular structure of the aliphatic side chain but with zero or low efficacy at the beta 2-adrenoceptor were synthesized. The effect of pre-incubating guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle with these analogues on salmeterol-induced reassertion relaxation was determined. 3. Computer Assisted Molecular Modelling of these molecules revealed that each of them exactly preserved the low energy linear conformation of the aliphatic side chain of salmeterol. Measurement of lipophilicity (octanol:water partition coefficient; log P) and direct partition into synthetic membranes (membrane partition coefficient; Kpmem) showed that all compounds had high affinity for lipids and membranes. In particular the biophysical properties of CGP 59162 (log P 1.89, Kpmem 16500) were very similar to salmeterol (log P 1.73, Kpmem 16800). 4. Two of the analogues, CGP 54103 and D 2543 (1 microM), which are structural mimics of the side chain of salmeterol, differing slightly in their length, did not prevent either the initial relaxation induced by salmeterol (0.1 microM) or the reassertion relaxation; however, it was not possible to determine whether either of these molecules occupied the beta 2-adrenoceptor. 5. The third analogue, CGP 59162, which has the substituents on the active saligenin head group of salmeterol in transposed positions, itself exerted a weak beta 2-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation antagonized by ICI 118551 (beta 2-selective antagonist) but not CGP 20712 (beta 1-selective antagonist) and, at higher concentrations CGP 59162 caused reassertion relaxation suggesting that it may occupy and activate the beta 2-adrenoceptor in a manner analogous to salmeterol. 6. CGP 59162, at concentrations up to ten fold molar excess, did not prevent or reduce salmeterol-induced reassertion relaxation. 7. In conclusion these data are not consistent with the existence of a distinct 'exosite' recognising the aliphatic side chain of salmeterol mediating reassertion.
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| 6. |
- Danielsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Drug use and torsades de pointes cardiac arrhythmias in Sweden: a nationwide register-based cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To study the occurrence of torsades de pointes (TdP) ventricular tachycardia in relation to use of drugs labelled with TdP risk, using two nationwide Swedish registers. Design Prospective register-based cohort study. Setting Entire Sweden. Participants Persons aged >= 18 years prescribed and dispensed any drug classified with TdP risk during 2006-2017, according to CredibleMeds. Persons with a registered TdP diagnosis during the study period, using drugs labelled with known (TdP 1), possible (TdP 2) or conditional (TdP 3) risk at the incident of TdP were examined. Primary outcome measures Occurrence of TdP in relation to exposure rates for individual drugs with TdP risk. Secondary outcome measures Concurrent use of more than one TdP-labelled drug in a person with a TdP diagnosis. Results During the study period, 410 TdP cases using drugs with TdP risk labels at the incident were registered; 205 women and 205 men, mean age 74.0 and 71.5 years, respectively. Antidepressants dominated (129/410, 30%), followed by antiarrhythmics (17%). Diuretics and gastric acid-secretion inhibitors, with TdP risk related to induction of hypokalaemia or hypomagnesaemia, were used in 56% and 32% of the 410 TdP cases, respectively. Among the most used antidepressants, citalopram with known TdP 1 risk was associated with both a higher absolute number and incidence of TdP per 100 000 users (two to four times), compared with mirtazapine with possible (TdP 2), and sertraline with conditional (TdP 3) risk. Multiple risk factors, including advanced age, cardiovascular disease and treatment with more than one TdP-classified drug, were frequently observed. Conclusions Antidepressants followed by antiarrhythmics dominated among TdP risk drugs used by adults with TdP diagnosis, the majority being >= 65 years. TdP risk class and concomitant medication should be considered when prescribing antidepressants to older patients.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Caries prevalence and distribution in 20-80-year-olds in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1973, 1983, and 1993
- 2000
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 28:2, s. 90-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1973, a cross-sectional study on oral health status was performed on 1000 individuals in the age groups 3-70 years in Jönköping, Sweden. In 1983 and 1993, new cross-sectional studies were carried out in the age groups 3-80 years. The aim of the present study was to analyze caries prevalence and distribution in the three investigations 1973, 1983, and 1993 in the age groups 20-80 years. In the younger age groups (20-40 years), a larger proportion of individuals with good oral health was found in 1993 than in 1973 or 1983. A steady increase in the number of teeth in the age groups 40-80 years could be found, which was also reflected in the increasing number of decayed and filled tooth surfaces (DFS) in the same age groups. A marked decrease in proximal DFS in 20-50-year-olds in 1993 compared to 1973 and 1983 was found. However, a rather large and unchanging group of individuals suffering from severe caries was also observed. This situation demands an individualized caries treatment strategy based on risk assessment.
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| 9. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : II. Review of clinical and radiographic findings
- 1995
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 243-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological study was to analyse various clinical and radiographic data on oral health and compare the results to those of two cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973 and 1983. In 1973, 1983, and 1993 a random sample of 1000, 1104, and 1078 individuals, respectively were studied. The individuals were evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. In 1983 and 1993 80-year-olds were also included. All subjects were inhabitants of the community of Jönköping, Sweden. The clinical and radiographic examination assessed edentulousness, removable dentures, implants, number of teeth, caries, restorations and overhangs, oral hygiene, calculus, periodontal status, endodontic treatment, and periapical status. The number of edentulous individuals was reduced by half from 1973 to 1993 and is now 8% in the age groups 40-70 years. The mean number of teeth has increased and up to the age of 50 years the individuals had more or less complete dentitions. During the 20-year period there was generally decreasing number of carious lesions and restorations. In the 15- and 20-year-olds, however, there was an increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in 1993 compared to 1983. Furthermore, after the age of 50 there was an increase in number of restored tooth surfaces. As regards secondary caries there was an increase for the 10- and 15-year-olds between 1983 and 1993. For all other age groups there were only minor differences. Generally restorations exhibited a high quality and 85-90% had no proximal overhangs. In 1973 this figure was about 60%. Concerning the frequency of tooth surfaces exhibiting plaque and gingival inflammation there was a considerable decrease from 1973 to 1983, but during the period from 1983 to 1993 there seems to be no improvement. In some age groups there was even a significant increase in plaque (15-year-olds) and gingivitis (3-, 5-, 15-, 20-, and 60-year-olds). The frequency of individuals with one or more periodontal pockets (> 4 mm) increased with age. In 1993 the bone level at the age of 40 years corresponded to the bone level at the age of 20 years in 1973. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth was lower in 1993 in all age groups than in 1973 and 1983. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth with periapical or juxtaradicular destructions was unchanged in all three studies. The comparison of the three studies from 1973, 1983, and 1993 shows that there has been a great improvement in oral health over this 20-year period. In 1993, however, the increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in the 15- and 20-year-olds and an increase in plaque and gingivitis in some younger age groups calls for special attention.
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| 10. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : I. Review of findings on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health
- 1995
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 225-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to compare data on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health in three cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The 1973 study constituted a random sample of 1000 individuals evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. The same age groups with addition of a group of 80-year-olds were included in the 1983 and 1993 studies which comprised 1104 and 1078 individuals, respectively. A questionnaire (23-101 questions) about dental care habits and knowledge of oral health was used in connection with a clinical and radiographic examination. The same questions were used in all the three studies. An addition to the 1993 investigation was questions concerning ethnographic background. In 1993 approximately 95% of all individuals were visiting the dentist on a regular basis every or every second year. The 30-year-olds, however, did not visit a dentist as regularly in 1993 as in 1983. The 70- and 80-year-olds visited a dentist more regularly in 1993 than in 1983. An increased number of adults in all age groups, except for the 70-year-olds, received their dental care in the Public Dental Service in 1993 compared to 1983 and 1973. Most 40-year-olds and older, however, received their dental care by private practitioners. About 80% of all adults in 1993 were enrolled in a recall system on the dentist's initiative while in 1973 most appointments were based on the patient's own initiative. The number of individuals who felt discomfort at the prospect of an appointment with the dentist was more or less the same in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The knowledge of the etiology of dental diseases has not changed much between 1973 and 1993. The frequency of toothbrushing has increased since 1973 and in 1993 more than 95% of all individuals brushed their teeth daily. The use of dental floss and toothpicks as well as disclosing tablets decreased in 1993 compared to 1983. Almost all individuals in 1993 used fluoride toothpaste. The use of topical fluorides and fluoride tablets in children had decreased considerably in 1993 compared to 1983.
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