| 1. |
- Larsson, Gerry, Professor, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Enskilt tjänstgörande 1990-2015 : hur mår de idag och vilken långsiktig effekt har vardagsstress?
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med undersökningen var att kartlägga hur svenska officerare som gjort insatser som enskilt tjänstgörande upplever sig må idag och särskilt beakta vardagsstressens betydelse.Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgörs av en modell över vardagsstress, vilket urskiljer sig gentemot tidigare forskning där allvarliga reaktioner som Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) ofta varit i främsta fokus.En enkät skickades till samtliga nu levande svenskar som varit enskilt tjänstgörande officerare under perioden 1990-2015 (N = 1198). Svar erhölls från 653 personer (54,5% svarsfrekvens).Resultatet visar att majoriteten av deltagarna upplever att de mår bra idag. Endast en mindre grupp rapporterar att de besväras av fysiska, emotionella eller kognitiva stressreaktioner (symptom). Resultatet visar även att ju starkare kombinationen av vardagliga glädjeämnen och funktionell stresshantering är i förhållande till kombinationen av vardagliga oros- och irritationsmoment och dysfunktionell stresshantering, desto lägre är förekomsten av symptom och vice versa.Undersökningens främsta praktiska slutsats är att undersökningsdeltagarna i huvudsak mår bra idag. Studiens viktigaste teoretiska slutsats är att den prövade modellen ger ett betydelsefullt kunskapstillskott för förståelse av hur vardagshändelser och hanteringsstrategier samspelar med stressreaktioner och indikationer på PTSD.
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| 2. |
- Abdulla, Maysaa, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based study of cellular markers in R-CHOP treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 55:9-10, s. 1126-1131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To determine the prognostic significance of co-expression of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6 proteins in combination with other biomarkers and clinical characteristics within a population-based cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients uniformly treated with R-CHOP.Patients and methods: The immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of CD10, BCL-2, BCL-6, MUM1, MYC, CD5, CD30, Ki-67 and p53 was evaluated in a retrospective, population-based study comprising 188 DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP and diagnosed in Sweden between 2002 and 2012.Results: Patients had a median age at diagnosis of 64 years (26-85 years) with a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. Approximately half (52%) of the patients presented with an International Prognostic Index (IPI) age adjusted (IPIaa)2. Median follow-up time was 51 months (range 0.4-158) and the five-year lymphoma-specific survival (LSS) was 76%, five-year overall survival (OS) was 65% and five-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 61%. A high Ki-67 value was found in 59% of patients, while p53 overexpression was detected in 12% of patients and MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6 expression were detected in 42%, 55% and 74% of patients, respectively. IPIaa2 (p=0.002), Ki-6770% (p=0.04) and p53 overexpression50% (p=0.02) were associated with inferior LSS and OS. Co-expression of both MYC (>40%) and BCL-2 (>70%) proteins was detected in 27% of patients and correlated with a significantly inferior LSS (p=0.0002), OS (p=0.009) and PFS (p=0.03). In addition, triple expression of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6, also correlated with a significantly inferior LSS (p=0.02).Conclusion: Concurrent expression of MYC and BCL-2 proteins, as detected by IHC, was strongly associated with an inferior survival in DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP. Other markers affecting survival were triple expression of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6, IPIaa, high Ki-67 and p53 overexpression.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlén Bergman, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Increased CD4+ T cell lineage commitment determined by CpG methylation correlates with better prognosis in urinary bladder cancer patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Epigenetics. - : BMC. - 1868-7083 .- 1868-7075. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Urinary bladder cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Environmental factors and chronic inflammation are correlated with the disease risk. Diagnosis is performed by transurethral resection of the bladder, and patients with muscle invasive disease preferably proceed to radical cystectomy, with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The anti-tumour immune responses, known to be initiated in the tumour and draining lymph nodes, may play a major role in future treatment strategies. Thus, increasing the knowledge of tumour-associated immunological processes is important. Activated CD4+ T cells differentiate into four main separate lineages: Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg, and they are recognized by their effector molecules IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-17A, and the transcription factor Foxp3, respectively. We have previously demonstrated signature CpG sites predictive for lineage commitment of these four major CD4+ T cell lineages. Here, we investigate the lineage commitment specifically in tumour, lymph nodes and blood and relate them to the disease stage and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.RESULTS: Blood, tumour and regional lymph nodes were obtained from patients at time of transurethral resection of the bladder and at radical cystectomy. Tumour-infiltrating CD4+ lymphocytes were significantly hypomethylated in all four investigated lineage loci compared to CD4+ lymphocytes in lymph nodes and blood (lymph nodes vs tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes: IFNG -4229 bp p < 0.0001, IL13 -11 bp p < 0.05, IL17A -122 bp p < 0.01 and FOXP3 -77 bp p > 0.05). Examination of individual lymph nodes displayed different methylation signatures, suggesting possible correlation with future survival. More advanced post-cystectomy tumour stages correlated significantly with increased methylation at the IFNG -4229 bp locus. Patients with complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy displayed significant hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells for all four investigated loci, most prominently in IFNG p < 0.0001. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy seemed to result in a relocation of Th1-committed CD4+ T cells from blood, presumably to the tumour, indicated by shifts in the methylation patterns, whereas no such shifts were seen for lineages corresponding to IL13, IL17A and FOXP3.CONCLUSION: Increased lineage commitment in CD4+ T cells, as determined by demethylation in predictive CpG sites, is associated with lower post-cystectomy tumour stage, complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and overall better outcome, suggesting epigenetic profiling of CD4+ T cell lineages as a useful readout for clinical staging.
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| 5. |
- Aronsson, Mora, et al.
(författare)
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Sveriges arter och naturtyper i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv : Resultat från rapportering 2019 till EU av bevarandestatus 2013-2018
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har en variationsrik natur med storslagen fjällmiljö, myllrande våtmarker, vattendrag och sjöar, kust och hav, skogar och odlingslandskap, alla med ett rikt växt och djurliv. Den här fantastiska biologiska mångfalden tas ofta för given och ibland som en lyx, men oavsett vilket är det en förutsättning för vår överlevnad.2019 rapporterade Sverige statusen till EU för perioden 2013–2018 för de naturtyper och arter i Sverige som är listade i art- och habitatdirektivet. Den berättar att 20 procent av naturtyperna och 40 procent av arterna mår bra. Den biologiska mångfalden är hårt trängd i såväl Sverige som i andra EU-länder.Den här rapporten sammanfattar Sveriges rapportering och innehåller beskrivningar av status för naturtyper och arter, påverkan, hot och trender. Rapporten ger kunskap om tillståndet för den biologiska mångfalden i Sverige med hjälp av de arter och naturtyper som är listade i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv.Rapporten visar hur naturmiljöerna i Sverige förändas, och sammanfattar den senaste kunskapen om vilka faktorer som driver dessa förändringar. Även exempel på hur vi genom restaurerings- och skötselåtgärder kan hejda förlusten av biologisk mångfald tas upp.
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Innopoly : Design Steps Towards Proficiency in Innovative Practices
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education E&PDE11. - : the Design society. - 9781904670339 ; , s. 281-286
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a follow-up on last year’s design steps and case studies analysis to bundle innovation skills in an educational model. In our previous research we presented the ideas and construct foundations to a game plan ideology to build up common knowledge and examine innovativeness. In this, the next phase paper, our ambitions is to deepen students’ abilities for self-governed innovative practices within a team. We have used a series of workshops with engineering design students and design students to frame and concretize the ‘Innovopoly’ educational platform. But also to find a way of communicate a coveted and sustainable knowledge and to motivate the learning since it will affect the momentum of a self-driven learning process. The implementation efforts of specific interdisciplinary design elements aim to strengthen the acknowledgement of how to perform a common and open innovative process and a holistic perspective. In order to do that, Innopoly has a three-dimensional concept based on four process phases and four different layers that can be varied according to level, how the team solves the defined task but also from the effect of an unknown factor in the game. Firstly, Innopoly put emphasis on the team process and team requirements as individual and mutual accountability, commitment to a common purpose, shared leadership and autonomy. Secondly, the game integrates the divergence of the team with a creative process where different knowledge backgrounds and experiences can open up a broader set of perspectives and refinements of ideas for each individual. Thirdly, Innopoly put the focus on external factors like working environment and visual and concrete working techniques and methods that can affect teams' work process. Fourthly, the involvement with organisations and industry in the task definition and also the idea that industry people can work together with the students when they perform the game give a realistic and up to date knowledge to the students in the learning context. The iterative process provides a greater understanding and anchoring knowledge through reflection and students' common discussion. The education model, ‘Innopoly’, builds on student-oriented learning, derived in design situations and situated practices. The ambitions to examine innovative practices are redeemed in incorporation of skills applied to manifest an autonomy level of performance and integrity. ‘Innopoly’ carries the outline logics from the innovation process – identification, research, ideation, concept, prototyping, testing and commercialization similar to the value increase as can be back traced to the original game form. The knowledge construction is supported in their performance, behaviour, thinking and reflections during all four phases. The educational prototype ‘Innopoly’ comprises of an inclination model inspired from Bloom’s taxonomy where ambitions is to prepare our students for future challenges.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Prototyping : The collaborative mediator
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education: Design Education for Future Wellbeing, EPDE 2012. - 9781904670360 ; , s. 648-653
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given the potential to deliver 'future wellbeing products', learning mechanisms behind the establishment of such efforts is vital. In this scenario, early efforts are manifested in prototypes that concern ergonomic and innovative product features. Prototypes are made, presented and interpreted differently by people according to their understanding and frame of reference. Newness could interchangeably be used for prototyping as it unlocks cognitive mechanisms where embedded modes, e.g. visualization and communication, enable iterative learning loop in-between peers. The freedom of its use, which depends on contextual relevance and appropriate levels, is therefore important to be aware of. Looking at an ideal, prototypes should be equally strong knowledge disseminators in education as they acted upon in industry, but are they, and how could we expand our perspective on prototyping as a mechanism for creation? This paper investigates how prototyping allows new knowledge to emerge in its implicit role as collaborative mediator. The paper conceptualizes views on prototyping based on student's perceived learning experiences and lecturer experiences from engineering design projects. In contrast to past prototyping research, this paper establishes a link between knowledge embedded perspectives relevant for prototyping and its consequences for learning.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Reforming Engineering Education : A feasibility analysis of Models for Innovation
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The capability to innovate is an important skill for engineers, thus stressing the critical issue of educating for innovation at technical universities. This paper investigates the feasibility of four different models for implementing and practicing new content in engineering education. Implementation efforts are looked at revealing systematic constraints and pitfalls, and also evaluating these approaches from the perspective of innovation capabilities and the desired effects from changes in education. The different models can be categorized as bottom-up and top-down approaches depending on actors’ roles in the education system. The top-down and bottom-up approaches are also categorized in accordance to the width of the approaches: programmatic changes with new content in many courses and specialized changes with new courses addressing the desired content and capabilities. A critical analysis is made of the four models intercepting specific learning elements that can be elevated to facilitate innovation in courses and programs. The critical analysis not only relates to educational values, but also relates more specifically to the needs of teaching and training innovation and consequently to developing innovation capabilities. This leads us to discuss the practical epistemologies involved in engineering practice in general and in innovation in particular; engineering as an art and as a science and both are essential. Finally arguments on how to actually reform education are addressed, with attention on leveraging innovation as a key driver to excel and challenge the learning experiences faced by current and future students.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Towards individual innovation capability : The assessment of idea generating methods and creativity in a capstone design course
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference 2009. - NEW YORK : AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. - 9780791849057 ; , s. 459-466
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation is per se based not only on the individual problem solving, but the process from new ideas to commercialization of new products. However, in a time with rapid technology shifts and frequently altered customer requirements, creativity and more precisely the lack of useful new ideas surfacing is viewed as problematic by companies. Ways of involving creativity has been to apply idea generating (IG) methods for identification of creativity sources. This paper consists of a combined theoretical and empirical approach which aims at studying existing tests and proposing suitable creative methods to be used in higher engineering education. The authors work with an extensive capstone design course in Integrated Product Development that emphasizes systematic and parallel approaches to product development. In contrast to traditional modes and styles of teaching that make few attempts to encourage students to pursue a variety of IG methods the capstone design course in integrated product development puts a large part of the responsibility on the students. In all cases IG and use of creativity methods is a natural ingredient. Thus, students' self-regulation and insights into how to work with methods and exercises is particularly interesting as this may have an affect on managing their creative skill. Overall possible improvements in students' creative potential transcend interesting notions on capability to innovate. Thus, this paper's purpose is to investigate whether creativity as an ingredient of a student's innovation capability is influenced by using IG methods. And whether the selections made by project groups are aligned to best utilize students' creative thinking.
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