| 1. |
- Gabrielson, Marike, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion of Endogenous Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Mammographic Density in Risk Prediction Models for Breast Cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 29:3, s. 574-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Endogenous hormones and mammographic density are risk factors for breast cancer. Joint analyses of the two may improve the ability to identify high-risk women.Methods: This study within the KARMA cohort included pre-diagnostic measures of plasma hormone levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfate (DHEAS), and mammographic density in 629 cases and 1,223 controls, not using menopausal hormones. We evaluated the area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) for risk of breast cancer by adding DHEA, DHEAS, and mammographic density to the Gail or Tyrer-Cuzick 5-year risk scores or the CAD2Y 2-year risk score.Results: DHEAS and percentage density were independently and positively associated with breast cancer risk (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001, respectively) for postmenopausal, but not premenopausal, women. No significant association was seen for DHEA. In postmenopausal women, those in the highest tertiles of both DHEAS and density were at greatest risk of breast cancer (OR, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-6.3) compared with the lowest tertiles. Adding DHEAS significantly improved the AUC for the Gail (+2.1 units, P = 0.008) and Tyrer-Cuzick (+1.3 units, P = 0.007) risk models. Adding DHEAS to the Gail and Tyrer-Cuzick models already including mammographic density further increased the AUC by 1.2 units (P = 0.006) and 0.4 units (P = 0.007), respectively, compared with only including density.Conclusions: DHEAS and mammographic density are independent risk factors for breast cancer and improve risk discrimination for postmenopausal breast cancer.Impact: Combining DHEAS and mammographic density could help identify women at high risk who may benefit from individualized breast cancer screening and/or preventive measures among postmenopausal women.
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| 2. |
- Gabrielson, Marike, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion of Plasma Prolactin Levels in Current Risk Prediction Models of Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
- 2018
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Ingår i: JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2515-5091. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Circulating plasma prolactin is associated with breast cancer risk and may improve our ability to identify high-risk women. Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, but the association with prolactin is unclear. We studied the association between breast cancer, established breast cancer risk factors and plasma prolactin, and improvement of risk prediction by adding prolactin. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study including 721 breast cancer patients and 1400 age-matched controls. Plasma prolactin levels were assayed using immunoassay and mammographic density measured by STRATUS. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by multivariable adjusted logistic regression, and improvement in the area under the curve for the risk of breast cancer by adding prolactin to established risk models. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: In multivariable adjusted analyses, prolactin was associated with risk of premenopausal (OR, top vs bottom quintile = 1.9; 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08 to 3.26) but not with postmenopausal breast cancer. In postmenopausal cases prolactin increased by 10.6% per cBIRADS category (P-trend = .03). In combined analyses of prolactin and mammographic density, ORs for women in the highest vs lowest tertile of both was 3.2 (95% CI = 1.3 to 7.7) for premenopausal women and 2.44 (95% CI = 1.44 to 4.14) for postmenopausal women. Adding prolactin to current risk models improved the area under the curve of the Gail model (+2.4 units, P = .02), Tyrer-Cuzick model (+3.8, P = .02), and the CAD2Y model (+1.7, P = .008) in premenopausal women. Conclusion: Circulating plasma prolactin and mammographic density appear independently associated with breast cancer risk among premenopausal women, and prolactin may improve risk prediction by current risk models.
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| 3. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A new strategy for the improvement of photophysical properties in ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes. Synthesis and photophysical and electrochemical characterization of six mononuclear ruthenium(II) bisterpyridine-type complexes
- 2005
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 44:9, s. 3215-3225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis and characterization of six ruthenium(II) bistridentate polypyridyl complexes is described. These were designed on the basis of a new approach to increase the excited-state lifetime of ruthenium(II) bisterpyridine-type complexes. By the use of a bipyridylpyridyl methane ligand in place of terpyridine, the coordination environment of the metal ion becomes nearly octahedral and the rate of deactivation via ligand-field (i.e., metal-centered) states was reduced as shown by temperature-dependent emission lifetime studies. Still, the possibility to make quasi-linear donor-ruthenium-acceptor triads is maintained in the complexes. The most promising complex shows an excited-state lifet me of tau = 15 ns in alcohol solutions at room temperature, which should be compared to a lifetime of tau = 0.25 ns for [Ru(tpy)(2)](2+). The X-ray structure of the new complex indeed shows a more octahedral geometry than that of [Ru(tpy)(2)](2+). Most importantly, the high excited-state energy was retained, and thus, so was the potential high reactivity of the excited complex, which has not been the case with previously published strategies based on bistridentate complexes.
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| 4. |
- Akhter, Tansim, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma levels of arginines at term pregnancy in relation to mode of onset of labor and mode of childbirth
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1046-7408 .- 1600-0897. ; 90:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBLEM: The exact biochemical mechanisms that initiate labor are not yet fully understood. Nitric oxide is a potent relaxant of uterine smooth muscles until labor starts, and its precursor is L-arginine. Asymmetric (ADMA) and symmetric (SDMA) dimethylarginines, are potent NO-inhibitors. However, arginines (dimethylarginines and L-arginine) are scarcely studied in relation to labor and childbirth. We aimed to investigate arginines in women with spontaneous (SLVB) and induced (ILVB) term labor with vaginal birth and in women undergoing elective caesarean section (ECS).METHOD OF STUDY: Women at gestational week 16-18 were recruited to the population-based prospective cohort study BASIC at the Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. Plasma samples taken at start of labor were analyzed for arginines, from SLVB (n = 45), ILVB (n = 45), and ECS (n = 45), using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Between-group differences were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test.RESULTS: Women with SLVB and ILVB had higher levels of ADMA (p < .0001), SDMA (p < .05) and lower L-arginines (p < .01), L-arginine/ADMA (p < .0001), and L-arginine/SDMA (p < .01, respectively <.001) compared to ECS. However, ILVB had higher ADMA (p < .0001) and lower L-arginine (p < .01), L-arginine/ADMA (p < .0001), and L-arginine/SDMA (p < .01) compared to SLVB. Results are adjusted for gestational length at birth and cervical dilatation at sampling.CONCLUSION: Our novel findings of higher levels of dimethylarginines in term vaginal births compared to ECS give insights into the biochemical mechanisms of labor. These findings might also serve as a basis for further studies of arginines in complicated pregnancies and labor.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Mikael, 1964-
(författare)
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Characterisation of Chromatography Media Aimed for Purification of Biomolecules
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chromatography media (resins) are very important for and widely used by the biopharma industry in large scale production of biopharmaceuticals, e.g. monoclonal antibodies. Today there are several hundred biopharmaceuticals released globally on the healthcare market. This thesis discusses various strategies and methods for the characterisation of chemical and functional stability of chromatography media. In addition, various analytical techniques used in these areas were evaluated and applied. Further, more specific physical and chemical characterisation methods were evaluated and applied to explore different properties of various chromatography media.In Papers I-III, established methodologies for performing chemical and functional stability studies were used. Mainly agarose-based chromatography media were investigated. For fast screening of the chemical stability, the total organic carbon analysis technique was evaluated and applied. This technique that measures the carbon leakage from the chromatography media at different conditions, proved to be very suitable and robust. For detection and/or identification of leakage compounds responsible for or for part of the measured carbon leakage, different methods such as (high performance) liquid chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry were used.In Papers IV-VII, different properties (i.e. functional performance, ligand content and surface chemistry) were evaluated for different agarose-based chromatography media. Standard chromatographic methods (ion exchange chromatography) and spectroscopic methods (e.g. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry) were evaluated and applied. Chemometric methods were used for efficient evaluation of data.Information of chemical, functional and leakage data of chromatography media are valuable and important for the biopharmaceutical companies to be able to fulfil the regulatory requirements of biopharmaceuticals. In addition, information of various chemical, functional and physical properties of chromatography media is likewise important during development and set up of new biopharmaceutical processes.
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| 6. |
- Bergquist, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Fiskundersökningar i större vattendrag : Utveckling av kvantitativ metodik för båtelfiske och hydroakustiska undersökningar i större vattendrag - ett pilotprojekt
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det saknas idag en standardiserad metodik för att övervaka fiskbestånd i djupa och breda vattendrag där konventionellt elfiske med vadning inte går att genomföra. I ett pilotprojekt har båtelfiske och hydroakustiska undersökningar (ekolodning)testats som metoder för övervakning av fiskbestånd i större vattendrag. De olika metoderna testades under olika miljöförhållanden i två olika vattendrag – Österdalälven (uppströms Älvdalen) och Svartån (vid Örebro). Österdalälven är ett näringsfattigt och snabbt strömmande vattendrag medan Svartån är ett näringsrikt och lugnflytande vattendrag. Innan undersökningarna genomfördes biotopkarterades de sträckor som hade valts ut. Med hjälp av karteringsuppgifterna avgränsades i varje vattendrag 400–850 m långa sträckor (undersökningslokaler)som delades upp i grunda (medeldjup <2 m) och djupa (medel djup >2 m)biotoper. På varje lokal och inom varje biotop genomfördes båtelfisken dagtid med s.k. ”strip-fishing” metodik som innebär en kvantitativ stratifierad undersökning av fiskbeståndet i flera habitat-specifika strips där varje stripomfattade ett område som var 5 m brett och 100–150 m långt. För varje habitat (biotop) beräknades ett medelvärde för fisktäthet och biomassa som sedan användes för att beräkna ett viktat medelvärde för hela lokalen. I Svartån genomfördes även utfiskningsförsök för att fastställa elfiskets fångsteffektivitet för de dominerande arterna. För övriga arter skattades fångsteffektiviteten utgående från korrelationer med data från vadningselfiske (Svenskt ElfiskeRegiSter; SERS). De hydroakustiska undersökningarna genomfördes som mobil horisontell ekolodning längs stränderna, både i uppströms och nedströmsriktning, med ekolodets transduktor riktad mot flodfårans centrala del. Ekolodningen genomfördes både på kvällstid (Österdalälven) och nattetid (Svartån). Räckvidden för ekolodet varierade med vattendjupet, men var ca 15 m vid 2 m vattendjup. Ekolodsresultaten analyserades huvudsakligen med bildanalys och filtrering av data (korsfiltrering) eftersom den metoden bedömdes ge mest tillförlitliga resultat. Med hjälp av analyserade och räknade fiskspår beräknades fiskförekomsten inom den djupa delen av varje lokal och jämfördes med resultaten från båtelfisket. Vid jämförelsen mellan båtelfiske- och ekolodsresultaten användes enbart fångstresultaten för pelagiskt uppträdande arter, då ekolodet inte detekterar bottenlevande fiskarter som lake, gers och stensimpa. Vid båtelfisket i Österdalälven varierade de viktade medelvärdena för den totala fisktätheten mellan 37 och 187 individer/ha. Dominerande arter var elritsa, stensimpa, harr och öring. I Svartån, som är mera näringsrik, var fisktätheten som väntat betydligt högre och de viktade medelvärdena för den totala fisktätheten varierade mellan 271 och 912 individer/ha. Vid båtelfisket i Svartån dominerades fångsten av karpfiskar som benlöja, mört och braxen. Fiskbiomassan varierade från 9,3 till 24,6 kg/ha. Båtelfisket gav en representativ bild av förekommande arter och storlekar i de båda vattendragen enligt tillgängligt referensmaterial. De erhållna skattningarna av fiskförekomsten i Österdalälven och Svartån var i nivå med resultat rapporterade från båtelfisken i andra länder. Den från ekolodningarna beräknade fiskförekomsten (beräkningar baserad på bildanalys) visade generellt en relativt god överensstämmelse med resultaten från båtelfisket i båda vattendragen även om ekolodsresultaten var något högre i Svartån. Vid ekolodningarna i Österdalälven låg den beräknade fisktätheten i intervallet 15–21 individer/ha. I Svartån var fisktätheten betydligt högre och varierade från 532 till 1 261 individer/ha. Fiskbiomassan låg i intervallet 17,1–23,7 kg/ha. Resultaten visar att båtelfiske och mobil horisontell ekolodning är lämpliga metoder för långsiktig övervakning av fisk i större vattendrag. I grunda områden med vattendjup mindre än 2 m kan båtelfiske användas som ensam metod för att kvantifiera fiskförekomsten (individtäthet och biomassa), men i områden med större vattendjup där båtelfisket inte är effektivt krävs att båtelfisket kompletteras med horisontell ekolodning. Genom att kombinera metoderna kan mängden fisk kvantifieras även i de djupa delarna av vattendragen. Båtelfisket ger information om förekommande fiskarter och deras storleksfördelning och dessa uppgifter kan sedan användas för att tolka de ekon (fiskspår) som registreras vid ekolodningen i de djupa avsnitten. Vår bedömning är att de testade metoderna, med vissa förbättringar, väl motsvarar kraven i en framtida övervakning av fiskresurser, ekologisk status och miljömål. Båda metoderna ger kvantitativa och upprepbara skattningar av fiskfaunan i en miljö som idag saknar lämplig kvantitativ metodik och bör implementeras i de nationella resurs- och miljöövervakningsprogrammen.
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| 7. |
- Bergquist, Henrik, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Functional and radiological evaluation of free jejunal transplant reconstructions after radical resection of hypopharyngeal or proximal esophageal cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: World J Surg. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 31:10, s. 1988-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer of the pharyngoesophageal junction (PEJ) is associated with late onset of symptoms, high morbidity, and a dismal prognosis. Radical surgery with pharyngolaryngectomy and reconstruction with a free vascularized jejunal transplant has been increasingly practiced in the treatment of these patients. This strategy is not devoid of challenges, and the present study is aimed at evaluating the long-term functional outcome among patients who have undergone such surgical treatment. Ten patients (mean age 59 years) with a mean follow-up time of 54 months were included. Clinical assessment, health-related quality of life (HRQL) questionnaires, and a standardized radiography examination were used for evaluation. The Karnofsky index ranged from 60 to 90 (mean 82). Global QL scores (EORTC QLQ-C30) had a mean value of 74, and the mean scores for dysphagia-related items of the EORTC QLQ OES-18 questionnaire were within the lower range. Radiographic signs of disturbed bolus transport through the jejunal transplant were found in all patients examined despite the grading of dysphagia from 0 to 1. The Watson dysphagia score varied between 0.5 and 45.0 (mean 16.2). No correlations were found between radiographic findings and the clinical evaluations or the outcomes assessed by the HRQL questionnaires. HRQL was found to be generally good after cancer of the PEJ and jejunal transplant insertion. Most patients reported mild dysphagia. Radiologic signs of disturbed bolus passage were common, but their clinical impact seemed questionable.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bergquist, Mikael
(författare)
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Josef Frank : Villa Carlsten
- 2019
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Between 1924 and 1936, Austrian-born architect Josef Frank built five holiday homes on the Falsterbo Peninsula in southern Sweden. Conceived as summer houses for friends and relatives of Frank’s Swedish wife, the Falsterbo Villas constitute a key part of Frank’s architectural work and demonstrate concerns at the core of his housing designs. In 2016, Villa Carlsten, the smallest of the Falsterbo houses, underwent an extensive restoration. Published on the occasion of its completion, Josef Frank—Villa Carlsten is the first book to comprehensively document the building. As with all of Frank’s housing designs, Villa Carlsten sees the architect paying special attention to the connection between interior and exterior, to the availability of daylight, and to inhabitants’ movements throughout the building. A particular part of Villa Carlsten’s charm is its scale, as everything is of slightly smaller dimensions than one would expect. Despite its intricate layout, however, Villa Carlsten is also one of Frank’s most accessible homes, and the design is full of wit, combining comfort with modern refinement.Beautifully designed with seventy-five full-color photographs by Mikael Olsson, who adeptly highlights the home’s qualities and relationship with its surroundings, the book also includes an essay by Mikael Bergquist, who realized the renovation and places Villa Carlsten in context with the other Falsterbo Villas and Frank’s broader work.
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| 10. |
- Bergquist, Mikael
(författare)
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Josef Frank Spaces
- 2016. - 1000
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Josef Frank (1885–1967) ranks among Europe’s most significant architects of the twentieth century, and his designs for furniture and textiles have made him one of the eminent figures of modernist interior design. Though there have been many studies of Frank’s architecture previously, Josef Frank—Spaces is the first comprehensive book to look specifically at Frank’s single-family houses.Architects Mikael Bergquist and Olof Michelsen explore the evolution of Frank’s designs for single-family homes over the years, and they investigate the influences that shaped his work, such as Adolf Loos’s “spatial plan” concept, Le Corbusier’s ideas, and Hermann Muthesius’s groundbreaking book The English House. The authors also look at Frank’s architectural concepts of movement and his use of stairs in residential buildings. The book also includes an in-depth examination of six of Frank’s houses, including both built projects—Villas Claeson and Wehtje in Falsterbo, Sweden, and Villa Beer in Vienna—and unrealized ones—House for Vienna XIII, House MS in Los Angeles, and Fantasy House 9 (Accidental House). This section includes images and plans of each of the houses and a close analysis of their specific characteristics. A complete catalog of Frank’s single-family houses rounds out the book.Featuring new material and many previously unpublished images and plans, Josef Frank—Spaces will be the authoritative reference to this renowned architect’s contributions to the design of residential dwellings.
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