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- Arason, Magnús, et al.
(author)
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Innovasjon i bruforsterkning i Agder
- 2020
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In: Nyheter om stålbyggnad. - : Stålbyggnadsinstitutet. - 1404-9414. ; 2020:4, s. 24-26
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- EFLA og Luleå Tekniska Universitet har bistått Agder fylkeskommune med forsterkning av to gamle stålbjelkebruer i Agder fylke, som dannet en flaskehals for vegtransport i området. I prosjekteringen er det brukt en metode som aldri har vært brukt i Norge før, og den har vist seg å være effektiv i forhold til kostnad, gjennomførbarhet og miljøpåvirkning. Prosjektet er et eksempel på vellykket nordisk samarbeid, og kan ha overføring til fremtidige prosjekter
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- Johansson, Maria E, 1977, et al.
(author)
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High-salt diet combined with elevated angiotensin II accelerates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
- 2009
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In: Journal of hypertension. - 0263-6352 .- 0263-6352. ; 27:1, s. 41-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: High-salt diet likely elevates blood pressure (BP), thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. We hypothesized that a high-salt diet plays a critical role in subjects whose renin-angiotensin systems cannot adjust to variable salt intake, rendering them more susceptible to atherosclerosis. METHODS: Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice received standard or high-salt diet (8%) alone or in combination with fixed angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion (0.5 microg/kg per min). BP was measured using telemetry, and plaque burden was assessed in the thoracic aorta and innominate artery. We used urinary isoprostane as a marker for oxidative stress. RESULTS: Although high-salt diet per se did not affect plaque extension, high salt combined with Ang II increased plaque area significantly in both the aorta and the innominate artery as compared with Ang II or salt alone (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). High-salt diet did not affect BP or isoprostane levels, whereas Ang II infusion increased both BP and isoprostane levels (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Although high-salt diet combined with Ang II did not amplify BP, salt in combination with Ang II increased isoprostane levels further (P < 0.001 vs. Ang II alone). Ang II increases macrophage content in lesions (P < 0.05), whereas salt likely increases collagen content. CONCLUSION: High-salt diet per se does not influence BP in ApoE-/- mice and is only moderately atherogenic. Possibly mediated via increased oxidative stress, a high-salt diet combined with fixed high Ang II levels accelerates atherogenesis synergistically, beyond the effect of BP.
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- Klintenberg, Patrik
(author)
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More Water, Less Grass? : An assessment of resource degradation and stakeholders’ perceptions of environmental change in Ombuga Grassland, Northern Namibia
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The objectives of this thesis are to assess: to what degree have natural resources deteriorated in a grazing area in northern Namibia, how do perceptions of environmental change held by local stakeholders there, correspond to scientific assessments, and how do these relate to national estimates? Analysis of the process of developing national indicators for monitoring of land degradation concluded that specific indicators should be developed on national level, and in some instances even on local level as there are no universal causes of land degradation. According to farmers overgrazing and low rainfall since the early 1990s cause negative environmental changes in the study area, partly confirming findings from national monitoring. Results also suggest that: less grazing outside the study area, improved access, permanent water supply, and fencing of large areas, also contributed. Results show that improved water supply was the most important factor. Investigation of the influence of permanent water points on grazing resources showed that perennial grasses are replaced by less palatable annual grasses as far as 6 km from water points along a water pipeline. No significant grazing induced changes in grass composition were observed around privately owned wells. Private ownership seems to be a key factor preventing over-utilization of grazing resources around the latter. A remote sensing study using Landsat TM imagery identified bare ground, saltpans and grassland with a fair accuracy. Separation of woodland from shrubland and shrubland from grassland was less accurate using supervised classification. The results show that the soil adjusted vegetation index provides valuable information about variations of green biomass over time in semi-arid environments. However, it is suggested that satellite based investigations should be supported by thorough ground based assessment due to the influence of underlying soil in this environment.
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