| 1. |
- Adler, Jan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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A broad range tagging spectrometer for the MAX-laboratory
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 388:1-2, s. 17-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad range tagging spectrometer together with a new beam transport system for photonuclear experiments at the MAX-laboratory in Lund is described. The spectrometer consists of a quadrupole followed by an Elbek-type dipole and has a large momentum acceptance. It can produce both polarized and unpolarized tagged photons in the energy range 10–80 MeV with an energy resolution of about 300 keV.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Elin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Type-dependent E6/E7 mRNA expression of single and multiple high-risk human papillomavirus infections in cervical neoplasia.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5967. ; 54:1, s. 61-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coinfection with multiple HPV types is common in cervical lesions, but the biological significance of the individual infections is difficult to establish. Expression of oncogenic E6/E7 HPV mRNA is correlated to risk of malignant progression, commercial assays for genotyping E6/E7 mRNA of all HR-HPV are lacking.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Elin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Type-specific HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection by real-time PCR improves identification of cervical neoplasia.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical microbiology. - 1098-660X. ; 49:11, s. 3794-3799
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA-based HPV assays show high sensitivity but poor specificity in detecting high-grade cervical lesions. Assays detecting mRNA of oncogenic E6/E7 show higher specificity, but lack either detection of all high-risk HPV genotypes or the capacity to specify the detected genotypes. Therefore, a real-time PCR assay detecting type-specific E6/E7 mRNA was developed and the clinical performance evaluated. 210 cervical LBC (liquid based cytology) samples from 204 women were analysed for HPV DNA and mRNA with the in house real-time PCR as well as PreTect HPV-Proofer. The sensitivity of real-time PCR mRNA-detection to detect histologically confirmed CIN2+ (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher) were 0.91, compared to 0.95 for DNA-analysis. The specificity was 0.68 compared to 0.38, and the positive predictive value (PPV) was higher for mRNA (0.67 vs 0.52) without any loss in negative predictive value (NPV). The sensitivity of the real-time PCR mRNA-test was somewhat higher than for PreTect HPV-Proofer (0.83 vs 0.75), when analysing for the same genotypes. The specificity was similar (0.76 vs 0.77). When analysing for mRNA of the eight most common genotypes in cervical cancer (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58), the sensitivity to detect CIN2+ lesions was 0.87 and the specificity 0.74, with a PPV of 0.70. In conclusion, real-time PCR for detection of HPV E6/E7 mRNA transcripts can be a sensitive and specific tool in screening and investigation of cervical neoplasia. The composition of HPV-types in mRNA-testing needs to be further investigated to optimize sensitivity and specificity.
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| 4. |
- Antonson, Hans, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Transportrelaterad miljökvalitet : rapport från workshop den 10-11 september 2001
- 2001
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Under 10–11 september 2001 möttes 31 representanter från departement, myndigheter, forskningsfinansiärer och forskarsamhället på Scandic hotell Hasselbacken i Stockholm för att lyssna till föredragningar om och diskutera kring begreppet transportrelaterad miljökvalitet.Initiativet till workshopen togs av VTI (Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut) genom en delansökan i en bred ansökan kallad Tema miljökvalitet ställd till Vägverket, Banverket och KFB.Workshopens syfte var att diskutera begreppet miljökvalitet i relation till transportsektorn och att rekognosera intresset för bildandet av ett nätverk för transportrelaterad miljökvalitet. För att underlätta urvalsarbetet och göra workshopen hanterbar inbjöds ett antal gäster från departement, myndigheter, forskningsfinansiärer och forskarsamhället som alla hade relevanta kunskaper och erfarenheter inom området.
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| 5. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Uppföljning av miljökonsekvenser av svenska väg- och järnvägsprojekt
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Uppföljning av miljökonsekvenser har blivit allt vanligare sedan 1995. Det ständigt pågående utvecklingsarbetet med uppföljning av miljökonsekvenser, vid Vägverket och Banverket, visar många positiva resultat. Bland annat har flera genomgripande uppföljningsprogram tagits fram för några vägobjekt, även om enstaka uppföljningsformuleringar i miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar (MKB) och arbetsplaner/järnvägsplaner fortfarande dominerar.Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut (VTI) har studerat ca 70 uppföljningsarbeten, producerade under 1990-talet, huvudsakligen från 1996 och framåt. Materialet har eftersökts vid Vägverkets regionkontor Sydöst, Väst och Mitt samt inom hela Banverket. Det har varit svårt och tidskrävande att få tillgång till relevant material. För att underlätta eftersökningen har dessutom en rad initierade personer vid Vägverkets regionkontor kontaktats.Några av de viktigare slutsatserna är att:det sedan 1995 har blivit vanligare med uppföljningsformuleringar, uppföljning inte självklart omfattar såväl byggskede som tiden efter färdigställande,uppgifter om före-data är ovanliga,de vanligaste uppföljningsparametrarna är vatten, buller, djur och landskapsbild,mätmetoder sällan anges,kompetenskrav sällan anges,fastställda statistiska krav sällan anges,syftet med uppföljningen sällan anges, och attkommunikation med olika aktörsgrupper såsom allmänhet är en ovanlighet.Det material som insamlats, även om det är magert, kommer att kunna användas som en utgångspunkt i såväl upprättande av en handbok för uppföljning i samband med MKB, som vid utvecklandet av ett informationssystem om uppföljning.
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| 6. |
- Bahadoer, Renu R., et al.
(författare)
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Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy, TME, and optional adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Lancet Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1470-2045 .- 1474-5488. ; 22:1, s. 29-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Systemic relapses remain a major problem in locally advanced rectal cancer. Using short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy and delayed surgery, the Rectal cancer And Preoperative Induction therapy followed by Dedicated Operation (RAPIDO) trial aimed to reduce distant metastases without compromising locoregional control. Methods In this multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, participants were recruited from 54 centres in the Netherlands, Sweden, Spain, Slovenia, Denmark, Norway, and the USA. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1, had a biopsy-proven, newly diagnosed, primary, locally advanced rectal adenocardnoma, which was classified as high risk on pelvic MRI (with at least one of the following criteria: clinical tumour [cT] stage cT4a or cT4b, extramural vascular invasion, clinical nodal [cN] stage cN2, involved mesorectal fascia, or enlarged lateral lymph nodes), were mentally and physically fit for chemotherapy, and could be assessed for staging within S weeks before randomisation. Eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1), using a management system with a randomly varying block design (each block size randomly chosen to contain two to four allocations), stratified by centre, ECOG performance status, cT stage, and cN stage, to either the experimental or standard of care group. All investigators remained masked for the primary endpoint until a prespecified number of events was reached. Patients allocated to the experimental treatment group received short-course radiotherapy (5 x 5 Gy over a maximum of 8 days) followed by six cycles of CAPDX chemotherapy (capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2) orally twice daily on days 1-14, oxaliplatin 130 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1, and a chemotherapy-free interval between days 15-21) or nine cycles of FOLFOX4 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1, leucovorin [folinic acid] 200 mg/m 2 intravenously on days 1 and 2, followed by bolus fluorouracil 400 mg/m(2) intravenously and fluorouracil 600 mg/m 2 intravenously for 22 h on days 1 and 2, and a chemotherapy-free interval between days 3-14) followed by total mesorectal excision. Choice of CAPDX or FOLFOX4 was per physician discretion or hospital policy. Patients allocated to the standard of care group received 28 daily fractions of 1.8 Gy up to 50.4 Gy or 25 fractions of 2.0 Gy up to 50.0 Gy (per physician discretion or hospital policy), with concomitant twice-daily oral capecitabine 825 mg/m(2) followed by total mesorectal excision and, if stipulated by hospital policy, adjuvant chemotherapy with eight cycles of CAPDX or 12 cycles of FOLFOX4. The primary endpoint was 3-year disease-related treatment failure, defined as the first occurrence of locoregional failure, distant metastasis, new primary colorectal tumour, or treatment-related death, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed by intention to treat. This study is registered with the EudraCT, 2010-023957-12, and ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01558921, and is now complete. Findings Between June 21,2011, and June 2,2016,920 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a treatment, of whom 912 were eligible (462 in the experimental group; 450 in the standard of care group). Median follow-up was 4.6 years (IQR 3.5-5.5). At 3 years after randomisation, the cumulative probability of disease-related treatment failure was 23.7% (95% CI 19.8-27.6) in the experimental group versus 30.4% (26.1-34.6) in the standard of care group (hazard ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0-95; p=0-019). The most common grade 3 or higher adverse event during preoperative therapy in both groups was diarrhoea (81 [18%] of 460 patients in the experimental group and 41 [9%] of 441 in the standard of care group) and neurological toxicity during adjuvant chemotherapy in the standard of care group (16 [9%] of 187 patients). Serious adverse events occurred in 177 (38%) of 460 participants in the experimental group and, in the standard of care group, in 87 (34%) of 254 patients without adjuvant chemotherapy and in 64 (34%) of 187 with adjuvant chemotherapy. Treatment-related deaths occurred in four participants in the experimental group (one cardiac arrest, one pulmonary embolism, two infectious complications) and in four participants in the standard of care group (one pulmonary embolism, one neutropenic sepsis, one aspiration, one suicide due to severe depression). Interpretation The observed decreased probability of disease-related treatment failure in the experimental group is probably indicative of the increased efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy as opposed to adjuvant chemotherapy in this setting. Therefore, the experimental treatment can be considered as a new standard of care in high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer.
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| 7. |
- Beets-Tan, Regina G. H., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic resonance imaging for the clinical management of rectal cancer patients : recommendations from the 2012 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 23:9, s. 2522-2531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To develop guidelines describing a standardised approach regarding the acquisition, interpretation and reporting of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for clinical staging and restaging of rectal cancer. A consensus meeting of 14 abdominal imaging experts from the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) was conducted following the RAND-UCLA Appropriateness Method. Two independent (non-voting) chairs facilitated the meeting. Two hundred and thirty-six items were scored by participants for appropriateness and classified subsequently as appropriate or inappropriate (defined by a parts per thousand yen 80 % consensus) or uncertain (defined by < 80 % consensus). Items not reaching 80 % consensus were noted. Consensus was reached for 88 % of items: recommendations regarding hardware, patient preparation, imaging sequences, angulation, criteria for MRI assessment and MRI reporting were constructed from these. These expert consensus recommendations can be used as clinical guidelines for primary staging and restaging of rectal cancer using MRI. These guidelines recommend standardised imaging for staging and restaging of rectal cancer. The guidelines were constructed through consensus amongst 14 abdominal imaging experts. Consensus was reached by in 88 % of 236 items discussed.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Björeland, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy on magnetic resonance imaging features in prostate cancer before radiotherapy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 2405-6316. ; 17, s. 117-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: In locally advanced prostate cancer (PC), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in combination with whole prostate radiotherapy (RT) is the standard treatment. ADT affects the prostate as well as the tumour on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with decreased PC conspicuity and impaired localisation of the prostate lesion. Image texture analysis has been suggested to be of aid in separating tumour from normal tissue. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of ADT on baseline defined MRI features in prostate cancer with the goal to investigate if it might be of use in radiotherapy planning.Materials and methods: Fifty PC patients were included. Multiparametric MRI was performed before, and three months after ADT. At baseline, a tumour volume was delineated on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps with suspected tumour content and a reference volume in normal prostatic tissue. These volumes were transferred to MRIs after ADT and were analysed with first-order -and invariant Haralick -features.Results: At baseline, the median value and several of the invariant Haralick features of ADC, showed a significant difference between tumour and reference volumes. After ADT, only ADC median value could significantly differentiate the two volumes.Conclusions: Invariant Haralick -features could not distinguish between baseline MRI defined PC and normal tissue after ADT. First-order median value remained significantly different in tumour and reference volumes after ADT, but the difference was less pronounced than before ADT.
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| 10. |
- Blomqvist, Fredrik Lennart Rune, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Platelet aggregation in healthy women during normal pregnancy - a longitudinal study.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1635 .- 0953-7104. ; 30:4, s. 438-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased platelet activation is involved in obstetric complications such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. It is of interest to study platelet aggregation during pregnancy, since increased aggregation theoretically could be a mechanism associated with placenta-mediated complications, which possibly could be prevented by drugs inhibiting platelet aggregation. There are, however, few robust studies describing platelet aggregation during normal pregnancy. The present longitudinal study was performed in order to study platelet aggregation during normal pregnancy resulting in a healthy child, during the puerperium and in nonpregnant, fertile women. Healthy, nonsmoking, pregnant women (n = 104), aged under 39 years and with BMI < 35, were followed during pregnancy and postpartum. Twenty-seven nonpregnant, non-puerperal, fertile women were studied for comparison. Platelet aggregation was determined with multiple electrode impedance aggregometry and analyzed at inclusion, 4 times during pregnancy and after at least 3 months postpartum. Platelet aggregation postpartum was compared with gestational weeks 8-15 and 37-40, respectively, and with nonpregnant, fertile women. Hemoglobin, leucocyte count, platelet count, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time were determined at inclusion in order to verify normal hemostasis. Activation of platelets by arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and thrombin receptor activating peptide (trap-6) resulted in less aggregation during pregnancy, compared with postpartum (p < 0.03-< 0.001). Platelet aggregation following activation by collagen was unchanged. A minor increase in aggregation as pregnancy continued was found related to ADP (p < 0.021). Positive correlations were found between platelet counts and platelet aggregation. Postpartum platelet aggregation after activation with arachidonic acid, collagen, and trap-6 was lower than in the non-puerperal fertile state. Other hemostatic analyses were normal. In conclusion, there is a minor decrease in platelet aggregation after activation with arachidonic acid, trap-6, and ADP, measured with multiple electrode impedance aggregometry during normal pregnancy resulting in healthy babies, compared with the postpartum period. The small changes in platelet aggregation may be a consequence of a minor decrease in platelet count and probably lack clinical significance under normal conditions. Interindividual variations at certain time-points are substantial, which limits the usefulness of the multiple electrode impedance aggregometry for determining minor changes in platelet function.
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