| 1. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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DN Debatt: LRF och Svenskt flyg svarar inte om klimatmålen
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sammantaget ser vi inget i motdebattörernas argument som talar emot att införa styrmedel, till exempel konsumtionsskatter, inom dessa områden där inga stora tekniska lösningar finns i sikte, skriver 14 miljö- och energiforskare i slutrepliken till sin text om flyg- och köttskatt (26/2).
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| 2. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Nu krävs kraftfulla åtgärder mot nötkött och flygresor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; 2015-02-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenskarnas globala utsläpp från köttkonsumtion och flygresor motsvarar hälften av de totala utsläppen på hemmaplan. I vår rapport till Naturvårdsverket föreslår vi tydliga styrmedel – som nya skatter – för att begränsa konsumtionen på dessa områden, skriver 14 miljö- och energiforskare.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Jörgen, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Low carbon lifestyles: potential for Sweden for 2050
- 2015
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Ingår i: PERL International Conference: A Decade of Responsible Living: Preparing, Engaging, Responding and Learning. UNESCO, Paris 10-11 March, 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Lundberg, Liv, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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A cobweb model of land-use competition between food and bioenergy crops
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1889. ; 53, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a model of interacting cobweb markets and apply it to land-use competition between food and bioenergy crops. In our model the markets are interlinked on the supply side by the limited availability of land. Therefore, instabilities are transferred between the markets and we find that bioenergy demand affects food price volatility. The agents in the model have heterogeneous production capacities, representing variation in global land quality. When we allow agents to choose price predictor, we find that a more sophisticated (but costly) predictor is concentrated to some key parcels of land, which enables the system to reduce instability significantly. The system can also be brought closer to a stable state by introducing costs for changing production type, but it may then be shifted away from the optimum situation predicted by the corresponding equilibrium model.
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| 5. |
- Azar, Christian, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Att jämföra koldioxid och metan – varför GWP inte ger hela bilden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Uppsalainiativet.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Eftersom det finns fler växthusgaser än en, så behöver vi kunna göra relevanta jämförelser mellan utsläpp av olika sådana. Hur stort metanutsläpp orsakar lika mycket förhöjd växthuseffekt som en given mängd koldioxid? Frågan är mer komplicerad än man kanske först anar, och vi har idag glädjen att presentera ett gästinlägg om saken av Chalmersforskarna Christian Azar, David Bryngelsson, Daniel Johansson, Erik Sterner och Stefan Wirsenius. /O.H.
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| 6. |
- Berndes, Göran, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Is it possible to avoid bad impacts by using good fuel ethanol?
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Much of the global production of biofuels is considered to be non-sustainable. Brazilian sugarcane ethanol, on the other hand, is normally judged to be “good”. Swedes are anxious only to use fuel ethanol with the best climate characteristics in a life-cycle perspective, and the bulk of ethanol used in Sweden comes from Brazil. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has identified some crucial issues which often are left out from discussions. These might be of extra importance for the Swedish ethanol use: - Might Swedish demand for good ethanol indirectly raise the demand for “bad” ethanol, such as US maize ethanol with fossil energy input? Or is it possible to encourage the production of exclusively “good” ethanol by choosing such (certified) ethanol? This depends on how the international market for fuel ethanol works. - To what extent does increased Swedish, or European, demand encourage the long-term supply of ethanol? What supply elasticities are there in Brazil and globally? If increased European use only means that we take hold of a fixed supply, the climate benefit compared to fossil fuels will not occur. The analyses are further complicated by the fact that there might be land-use competition between fuel, feedstuffs and food. When available land becomes more limited, increased production might necessitate breaking new soil, which could lead to emissions of climate-changing gases elsewhere. Consequently it is not only the fuel market itself that needs to be analysed.
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| 7. |
- Brunner, Florentine, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Label at a University Restaurant – Label Implementation and Evaluation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009. ; 146, s. 658-667
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in human diets hold significant greenhouse gas emissions mitigation potential. In this paper, we use a field experiment to analyze the effects of implementing a label with greenhouse gas emission information for each dish at a restaurant. The traffic-light colored label was implemented in a student catering facility with 300–600 servings every day, and covered all seven dishes on offer. Individual level sales data including an anonymous identification number, gender, and age was collected both during the label phase and during a five-week control phase prior to the introduction of the label. We found that sales of green labeled (low emission) meat dishes increased by 11.5% compared to the control phase, whereas sales of red labeled meat dishes were reduced by 4.8%. Although the label had an effect on consumer behavior, emissions decreased modestly by 3.6%. We did not find evidence for different reactions to the label based on gender or age. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
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| 8. |
- Bryngelsson, David, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual partial equilibrium model of global agricultural land use
- 2012
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce a conceptual partial equilibrium model of global agricultural land use, based on heterogenous land quality--an area that has received less theoretical attention than location theory. The model is based on maximization of land rent at each parcel through choice of crop and input intensity. Mechanisms of land rent and land-use competition are illustrated in a transparent way, which can be used for e.g. policy testing and for improved understanding of results from larger land-use models. A strength with this approach is that the model to a large extent can be analytically explored. We show how different crops are optimally distributed on land according to their respective area-dependent cost, i.e. costs paid per area regardless of yield. Crops with high such costs are grown on more productive land and crops with low such costs are grown on less productive land, in equilibrium. The equilibrium solution of the model is unique. Further we show how prices are connected between crops that compete for land.
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| 9. |
- Bryngelsson, David, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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How can the EU climate targets be met? : A combined analysis of technological and demand-side changes in food and agriculture
- 2016
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Ingår i: Food Policy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-9192 .- 1873-5657. ; 59, s. 152-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To meet the 2 °C climate target, deep cuts in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will be required for carbon dioxide from fossil fuels but, most likely, also for methane and nitrous oxide from agriculture and other sources. However, relatively little is known about the GHG mitigation potential in agriculture, in particular with respect to the combined effects of technological advancements and dietary changes. Here, we estimate the extent to which changes in technology and demand can reduce Swedish food-related GHG emissions necessary for meeting EU climate targets. This analysis is based on a detailed representation of the food and agriculture system, using 30 different food items. We find that food-related methane and nitrous oxide emissions can be reduced enough to meet the EU 2050 climate targets. Technologically, agriculture can improve in productivity and through implementation of specific mitigation measures. Under optimistic assumptions, these developments could cut current food-related methane and nitrous oxide emissions by nearly 50%. However, also dietary changes will almost certainly be necessary. Large reductions, by 50% or more, in ruminant meat (beef and mutton) consumption are, most likely, unavoidable if the EU targets are to be met. In contrast, continued high per-capita consumption of pork and poultry meat or dairy products might be accommodated within the climate targets. High dairy consumption, however, is only compatible with the targets if there are substantial advances in technology. Reducing food waste plays a minor role for meeting the climate targets, lowering emissions only by an additional 1–3%. © 2016 The Authors
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| 10. |
- Bryngelsson, David, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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How Do Dietary Choices Influence the Energy-System Cost of Stabilizing the Climate?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073 .- 1996-1073. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate how different global dietary scenarios affect the constraints on, and costs of, transforming the energy system to reach a global temperature stabilization limit of 2 degrees C above the pre-industrial level. A global food and agriculture model, World Food Supply Model (WOFSUM), is used to create three dietary scenarios and to calculate the CH4 and N2O emissions resulting from their respective food-supply chains. The diets are: (i) a reference diet based on current trends; (ii) a diet with high (reference-level) meat consumption, but without ruminant products (i.e., no beef, lamb, or dairy, only pork and poultry); and (iii) a vegan diet. The estimated CH4 and N2O emissions from food production are fed into a coupled energy and climate-system optimization model to quantify the energy system implications of the different dietary scenarios, given a 2 degrees C target. The results indicate that a phase-out of ruminant products substantially increases the emission space for CO2 by about 250 GtC which reduces the necessary pace of the energy system transition and cuts the net present value energy-system mitigation costs by 25%, for staying below 2 degrees C. Importantly, the additional cost savings with a vegan diet--beyond those achieved with a phase-out of ruminant products--are marginal (only one additional percentage point). This means that a general reduction of meat consumption is a far less effective strategy for meeting the 2 degrees C target than a reduction of beef and dairy consumption.
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