| 1. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-
(författare)
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Assessing the qualities of automated content
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advent of new technologies has always spurred questions about changes in journalism – its content, its means of production, and its consumption. A quite recent development in the realm of digital journalism is software-generated content, i.e. automatically produced content. Companies such as Automated Insights offer services that, according to themselves “humanizes big data sets by spotting patterns, trends and key insights and describing those findings in plain English that is indistinguishable from that produced by a human writer” (Automated Insights, 2012).This paper seeks to investigate how readers perceive software-generated content in relation to similar content written by a journalist. This is investigated through the following empirical research questions:RQ1 – How is software-generated content perceived by readers, in regards to overall quality and credibility?RQ2 – Are the software-generated content discernable from similar content written by human journalists?The study utilizes an experimental methodology where respondents were subjected to different news articles that were written by a journalist or software-generated. The respondents were then asked to answer questions about how they perceived the article; its overall quality, credibility, objectiveness etc.The paper presents the results from a first small-scale study and they indicate that the software-generated content is perceived as, for example, descriptive, boring and objective, but not necessarily discernable from content written by journalists.The paper discusses the results of the study and its implication for journalism practice.
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| 2. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-
(författare)
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Bakom webben : En studie av produktionsvillkor och svenska universitetswebbplatsers form och innehåll
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since their breakthrough in the mid 1990's, web sites have become one of the most important channels for communication at Swedish universities. Drawing upon the analytical framework of "the production of culture perspective", the thesis investigates how the form and content of Swedish university web sites are influenced by the production milieu in which they are produced. Based on quantitative content analysis of the home pages of university web sites, the thesis documents changes in the form and content, such as links, headings, and body matter becoming more focused on marketing, as well as an increasing need for different kinds of navigation aids on the web sites. In addition to this, the thesis presents the results of fifteen in-depth interviews with informants working at various levels of the web organizations at Swedish universities. Using the production of culture perspective, together with previous research on media production in general, and literature on more specific areas, such as organization theory and communication, and media and technology, this presentation is followed by a discussion and analysis of structural, production related, factors, and their influence on the form and content of the web sites. The overall conclusion of the thesis is that the production of university web sites - their form and content - is about much more than available technology, web development processes, and different programming languages, to mention but a few examples. It is also about organizational routines, about the ways decisions are made, about policies for web publishing within the overall organization, about different stakeholders being put against each other, and it is about strategic choices about what to publish on the web and not. Furthermore, the thesis shows that structural factors function as constraints, as well as facilitators of web site production. For example, the width of web pages increases in correspondence with the increasing number of larger, high-resolution, displays used by the user; local policies and strategies decides the content to be focused; and a consistent form and layout of the university web sites are inhibited by the organizational structures and lines of command.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-
(författare)
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Enter the Robot Journalist : Users' perceptions of automated content
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Practice. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-2786 .- 1751-2794. ; 8:5, s. 519-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advent of new technologies has always spurred questions about changes in journalism—its content, its means of production, and its consumption. A quite recent development in the realm of digital journalism is software-generated content, i.e. automatically produced content. This paper seeks to investigate how readers perceive software-generated content in relation to similar content written by a journalist. The study utilizes an experimental methodology where respondents were subjected to different news articles that were written either by a journalist or were software-generated. The respondents were then asked to answer questions about how they perceived the article—its overall quality, credibility, objectivity, etc. The paper presents the results from an initial small-scale study with findings suggesting that while the software-generated content is perceived as descriptive and boring, it is also considered to be objective although not necessarily discernible from content written by journalists. The paper discusses the results of the study and its implication for journalism practice.
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| 6. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-
(författare)
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Nyhetskonsumtion i Värmland
- 2012
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Ingår i: Värmländska landskap. - Karlstad : Karlstad University Press. - 9789186637040 ; , s. 387-403
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Public Trust and Journalistic Transparency : An experimental study of disclosure and participatory effects in online news
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Media matter. Most citizens’ in contemporary democracies get their information about current affairs and politics through the media. Political communication studies have for long time analysed the interplay between media content and journalistic style and political attitudes and public trust in political institutions. This paper adds to this discussion by addressing another dimension: the possible impact of journalistic transparency – offered in online-journalism – on political trust.Methodologically, the study was based on a web-based experiment including 1,320 respondents. The treatment groups comprised the same version of an online news article with additional indicators for disclosure transparency and participatory transparency. The article covered a local political issue and politicians form both ruling and opposition political parties appeared in the text.The results indicate that transparency effects on political trust may be overestimated. This experimental study did not confirm any significant positive correlation between transparency and the public trust towards local politicians appearing in the news.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Clerwall, Christer, 1973-
(författare)
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Who wrote this? Users' perception of software-generated content in online news
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advent of new technologies has always spurred questions about changes injournalism – its content, its means of production, and its consumption. A quite recentdevelopment in the realm of digital journalism is software-generated content, i.e.automatically produced content.This paper seeks to investigate how readers perceive software-generated content inrelation to similar content written by (human) journalists. This is investigated through the following empirical research questions:RQ1 – How is software-generated content perceived by readers, in regards to overallquality and credibility?RQ2 – Are the software-generated content discernable from similar content written byhuman journalists?
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| 10. |
- Ferrer Conill, Raul, 1979-
(författare)
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Gamifying the news : Exploring the introduction of game elements into digital journalism
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For over a century, crosswords, puzzles, and quizzes have been present in newspapers. Digital journalism has only increased the trend of integrating game elements in news media, often blurring the traditional boundaries between news and games.This dissertation aims to explore and understand how and why news organizations and newsworkers use gamification in digital news websites and to analyze the objectives behind its implementation in news production. The importance of trying to understand this development stems from the different roles that digital games and news have in contemporary democratic societies. While journalism is often regarded as the main source of information for the public to act as citizens, digital games predominantly remain considered as entertainment media.Drawing from media sociology and new institutionalism, this study engages with the literature on converging processes of popularization and professionalization of journalism, and how different institutional logics of gamification and journalism interact. Methodologically, this qualitative multiple case study analyzes four diverse news organizations (the Guardian, Bleacher Report, the Times of India, and Al Jazeera), interviewing 56 newsworkers, and conducting game-system analysis of their respective gamified systems.The findings suggest that while news organizations often frame their motivations within the celebratory rhetoric of gamification, a deeper look into the material manifestations of gamified news systems tend to problematize the empowering claims of gamification. Instead, a complex interplay between the professional and commercial logics of journalism and the hedonic and utilitarian logics of gamification shapes how news organizations and newsworkers implement gamified systems. This dissertation contributes to a larger debate on the friction professionalism and the market, on institutional interaction, and the increasing transgression of journalistic institutional borders.
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