| 1. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Decreasing energy use of industrially produced multi family dwellings in Sweden
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of Cold Climate HVAC, Sisimiut.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building as many houses as possible in a factory environment seems like an effective way to systematically reduce productivity costs and improve quality in the building process. Based on this idea, a Swedish company has manufactured modules consisting of one or several rooms that were transported and assembled into multi family dwellings onsite. This paper analyses different improvements regarding the energy use of the building, particularly for changes in thermal insulation, air tightness and ventilation system. The annual energy use for a normal year is calculated for a theoretical house and compared to actual houses in use from this manufacturer who is located in Malmö, Sweden. Life cycle costs were calculated for each alternative over a 50 year period. With the assumed discount interest rates, almost every proposed alteration should be beneficial both individually and in combination.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Distribution and variation of indoor temperatures in apartment blocks with individual metering and billing of space heating costs—on building, apartment, and room level
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 8:5, s. 859-880
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A good indoor thermal climate is important. To reduce energy demands for space heating, individual metering and billing (IMB) for space heating costs is common, though not yet in Sweden. To obtain a better picture of the thermal climate conditions, the distribution of the measured indoor temperatures was investigated in each apartment in 14 apartment blocks with a total of 419 apartments. All blocks had an IMB system for space heating with a traditional feed-forward control. In the studied buildings, temperatures were measured in each living room and each bedroom, and were registered at 2.1 m over floor level, every 15 min over a period of 12 months. Seasonal mean temperatures, standard deviations, skewness, and kurtosis are presented for apartment blocks. For one, with 75 apartments, these values are monthly, and for January and April, the temperature range for each apartment is presented in boxplots. It can be concluded that there are variations in temperature between different apartments: both variations in temperature levels and in temperature ranges. The overall conclusions are that differences in indoor temperature are achievable for different apartments in an apartment block with a certain set point temperature and that the temperatures are not dependent on an apartment’s location in the building. Both the building owner’s goal to keep a certain average temperature for energy saving reasons, and the tenants’ goals, possibility to vary the indoor temperature at individual apartment level, seems to be possible to reach. The measured temperatures are close to being normally distributed, though they have a mild negative skewness and a mild kurtosis during heating periods. The results support that indoor temperatures can be modeled as normally distributed in energy simulations of buildings. Further, it can be seen that temperature variations follow the seasons. The temperatures on individual apartment level show that there is a tendency for warm apartments to be warm all the year round and vice versa. There are also daily variations, with a magnitude of 0.3–0.4 °C and with 0.1–0.3 °C difference between weekdays and weekends. Every single indoor temperature measurement for a whole year covering all seasons as a function of outdoor temperature is presented in iso-plots. Temperature levels are mainly within the limits of standards for thermal comfort, thus showing that a thermal satisfying indoor climate is met in these apartment blocks with IMB. It also seems that it was possible to achieve the desired temperatures irrespective of the apartment’s location.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of a feedback control method for hydronic heating systems based on indoor temperature measurements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788. ; 166, s. 23-34
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indoor temperatures in apartment blocks are often indirectly controlled by the outdoor temperature using a feedforward control loop, in which the radiator supply temperature is a function of the outdoor temperature. However, this control principle cannot take into account heat gains or losses caused by tenants, electrical appliances, the sun, air leakage, etc., which may result in uneven indoor temperatures, overheating, airing and increased energy use. This can be partly addressed by using thermostatic valves on each radiator. A municipal housing company in Sweden that uses individual metering and billing (IBM) of space heating costs based on measurements of indoor temperatures in all rooms of each apartment has been studied. This article presents and evaluates a project in which these measurements were used for feedback control. The aim of the study was to evaluate the principle which is based on using the actual indoor temperatures. An existing feedforward control of the heating system with thermostatic valves was enhanced by a correction of the supply temperature. The magnitude of the correction was proportional to the difference between the actual mean indoor temperature of the apartments and the set-point temperature. The enhanced control resulted in more constant indoor temperatures, i.e. they were less dependent on the outdoor temperature. The results support the conclusion that the evaluated method would be promising to apply in multi-family buildings. The introduction of the enhanced control method provided valuable experience and awareness of influencing factors if it were to be implemented on a larger scale.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Material and Energy Use for Manufacturing Components in Building Services. : A Case Study of an Old Peoples Home.
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Integrated life-cycle design of materials and structures. ILCDES 2000. : Proceedings of the RILEM/CIB/ISO international symposium. Helsinki, Finland, 22 - 24 May 2000. - Proceedings of the RILEM/CIB/ISO international symposium. Helsinki, Finland, 22 - 24 May 2000.. - 9517584083 ; , s. 303-307
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental loads from the building and its services must be minimised. The study aims to determine material quantities, manufacturing energy and how material choice affect manufacturing energy. An inventory of materials in domestic water, waste water, space heating and ventilation services are made and manufacturing energy are calculated based on LCA’s. Finally energy need for alternative material choice are calculated. The services consists of more than 30 materials where 8 constitutes 80% of the weight and 10 constitutes 80% of the manufacturing energy. A bad material choice can increase the manufacturing energy need by 25% compared to a good choice.
|
|
| 7. |
- Dahlblom, Mats
(författare)
-
Material- och energiflöden i VVS-installationer : fallstudie
- 1999
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna litteraturstudie utgör andra etappen i ett licentiatarbete om utbytbarhet, material- och energiflöden för installationer i byggnader (Orsaker till byte av VVS-installationer; TABK--01/1020).
|
|
| 8. |
- Dahlblom, Mats
(författare)
-
Orsaker till byte av VVS-installationer : en intervjuundersökning
- 2001
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport utgör redovisningen av tredje och sista etappen i ett arbete om utbytbarhet, material- och energiflöden i installationer för byggnader. De tre etapperna är redovisade i varsin rapport och utgör tillsammans en licentiatuppsats. Första etappen i arbetet utgjordes av litteraturstudien "Installationer ur ett livscykelperspektiv" (Rapport (TABK-99/3058) med syftet att redogöra för det aktuella kunskapsläget och utgöra en bas för det fortsatta arbetet. Andra etappen utgjordes av en fallstudie dör två byggnader i Malmö inventerades beträffande material och materialmängder, varefter tillverkningsenergi beräknades för ingående material och komponenter, liksom transportenergi från tillverkare till byggarbetsplats. Som jämförelse har en överslagsmässig beräkning av energin för femtio års drift genomförts. Slutligen har tillverkningsenergin för ett alternativt materialval beräknats för att studera materialvalets betydelse. Studien är redovisad i rapporten "Material och energiflöden i VVS-installationer: fallstudie (TABK-99/3059).
|
|
| 9. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Reglering av värmesystem i flerbostadshus med individuell värmemätning
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Indoor temperatures in multifamily houses are indirectly controlled by the outdoor temperature. The radiator supply temperature is a function of the outdoor temperature. This control principle cannot take into account for disturbances from people, electric appliances, airing, sun, and air leakage due to wind. A control setting with a suitable margin can avoid complaints, but may result in overheating and airing. The obvious control principle with direct control of indoor temperature has been tested with good result in 1978. The exhaust air temperature was used as a measure of the indoor temperature. LKF, Lund community housing company, has installed individual metering of heating costs using the indoor temperature in each flat. The research project aim was to use these temperature measurements and to test the control principle and compare the energy saving versus normal control and no individual metering of heating costs. The normal control has been extended with a limited proportional correction of the supply temperature. The extended control gives a more constant indoor temperature, which is appreciated by the maintenance personnel. A comparison between 2009/2010 and 2011 shows that the heating cost is larger than the control group due to higher indoor temperature caused by limited extended control, low gain and improper selection of desired indoor temperature at start up. The study has been performed with financial support from CERBOF - the Centre for Energy and Resource Efficient Construction and Facilities management.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dahlblom, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Småhus med installationsgrund: utvärdering av experimenthus i Halmstad
- 1997
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport redovisas resultaten från mätningar utförda i ett experimenthus i Halmstad som är grundlagt med den så kallade installationsgrunden enligt EG-2000 konceptet. Insamlade mätdata används för beräkningar av energianvändningen och energibalansen. Energianvändningen i experimenthuset jämförs med energianvändningen i ett liknande hus grundlagt med platta på mark.
|
|
