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- Azangou-Khyavy, M, et al.
(författare)
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National, sub-national, and risk-attributed burden of thyroid cancer in Iran from 1990 to 2019
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1, s. 13231-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An updated exploration of the burden of thyroid cancer across a country is always required for making correct decisions. The objective of this study is to present the thyroid cancer burden and attributed burden to the high Body Mass Index (BMI) in Iran at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019. The data was obtained from the GBD 2019 study estimates. To explain the pattern of changes in incidence from 1990 to 2019, decomposition analysis was conducted. Besides, the attribution of high BMI in the thyroid cancer DALYs and deaths were obtained. The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer was 1.57 (95% UI: 1.33–1.86) in 1990 and increased 131% (53–191) until 2019. The age-standardized prevalence rate of thyroid cancer was 30.19 (18.75–34.55) in 2019 which increased 164% (77–246) from 11.44 (9.38–13.85) in 1990. In 2019, the death rate, and Disability-adjusted life years of thyroid cancer was 0.49 (0.36–0.53), and 13.16 (8.93–14.62), respectively. These numbers also increased since 1990. The DALYs and deaths attributable to high BMI was 1.91 (0.95–3.11) and 0.07 (0.04–0.11), respectively. The thyroid cancer burden and high BMI attributed burden has increased from 1990 to 2019 in Iran. This study and similar studies’ results can be used for accurate resource allocation for efficient management and all potential risks’ modification for thyroid cancer with a cost-conscious view.
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- Brockmöller, Scarlet F., et al.
(författare)
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Integration of metabolomics and expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM) in breast cancer-link to patient survival, hormone receptor status, and metabolic profiling
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 11:2, s. 850-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in lipid metabolism are an important but not well-characterized hallmark of cancer. On the basis of our recent findings of lipidomic changes in breast cancer, we investigated glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM), a key enzyme in the lipid biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. GPAM protein expression was evaluated and linked to metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in a cohort of human breast carcinomas. In addition, GPAM mRNA expression was analyzed using the GeneSapiens in silico transcriptiomics database. High cytoplasmic GPAM expression was associated with hormone receptor negative status (p = 0.013). On the protein (p = 0.048) and mRNA (p = 0.001) levels, increased GPAM expression was associated with a better overall survival. Metabolomic analysis by GC-MS showed that sn-glycerol-3-phosphate, the substrate of GPAM, was elevated in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. LC-MS based lipidomic analysis identified significantly higher levels of phospholipids, especially phosphatidylcholines in GPAM protein positive tumors. In conclusion, our results suggest that GPAM is expressed in human breast cancer with associated changes in the cellular metabolism, in particular an increased synthesis of phospholipids, the major structural component of cellular membranes.
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- Georgantopoulos, Christos K., et al.
(författare)
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Derivation of a qualitative model for the spatial characteristic wavelength of extrusion flow instabilities: Investigation of a polybutadiene rubber through capillary, slit and complex geometry extrusion dies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. - : Wiley. - 1439-2054 .- 1438-7492.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extrusion flow instabilities of a commercial polybutadiene (PBD) are investigated as a function of different extrusion die geometries, such as round capillary, slit, and complex cross-section profile slit dies via capillary rheology. Qualitative models are used to fit the experimental data for the spatial characteristic wavelength (λ) of the appearing extrusion flow instabilities. A new qualitative model for the slit die geometry, rectangular cross-section, is derived based on the theoretical concept of the “two layers” extrudate and the force balance at the die exit region. The proposed qualitative model for the slit die geometry is used to predict the spatial characteristic wavelength (λ) for extrudates obtained by complex cross-section profile slit die geometries similar to industrial manufacturing. Correlation between the ratio of the extensional ( ) and shear ( ) stress at the die exit area and the characteristic dimension, height H for slit dies and diameter D for round capillary dies, is presented. Moreover, a geometry-dependent model is used to predict the spatial characteristic wavelength (λ) of the extrusion flow instabilities from a round capillary die to a slit die and vice versa.
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- Georgantopoulos, Christos K., et al.
(författare)
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Mechano‐Optical Characterization of Extrusion Flow Instabilities in Styrene‐Butadiene Rubbers: Investigating the Influence of Molecular Properties and Die Geometry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. - : Wiley. - 1439-2054 .- 1438-7492. ; 306:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extrusion flow instabilities of two commercial styrene-butadiene rubbers are investigated as they vary in isomer content (1,4-cis, 1,4-trans, and 1,2 con- formation) of the butadiene monomer and the molecular architecture (linear, branched). The investigated samples have similar multimodal molecular weight distribution. Two geometries of extrusion dies, slit and round capillary, are compared in terms of the type and the spatial characteristics of the flow instabilities. The latter are quantified using three methods: a highly pressure sensitive slit die, online and offline optical analysis. The highly pressure- sensitive slit die has three piezoelectric pressure transducers (Δt ≈ 10−3 s and Δp ≈ 10−5 bar) placed along the die length. The characteristic frequency (fChar.) of the flow instabilities follows a power law behavior as a function of shear rate to a 0.5 power for both materials, f Char. ∝ γ app.. A qualitative model is used to predict the spatial characteristic wavelength (λ) of the flow instabilities from round capillary to slit dies and vice versa. Slip velocities (Vs) are used to quantify the slippage at slit and round capillary dies as well.
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| 9. |
- Georgantopoulos, Christos K., et al.
(författare)
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Modeling the spatial characteristics of extrusion flow instabilities for styrene-butadiene rubbers: Investigating the influence of molecular weight distribution, molecular architecture, and temperature
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physics of Fluids. - : AIP Publishing. - 1089-7666 .- 1070-6631. ; 33:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extrusion flow instabilities of three commercial styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) are investigated as a function of molecular weight distribution (MWD); molecular architecture (linear, branched); and temperature. The samples have multimodal MWD, with the main component being SBR and a low amount, less than 10 wt. %, of low-molecular weight hydrocarbons. Deviation from the Cox-Merz rule at high angular frequencies/shear rates becomes intense as the amount of medium-molecular weight component increases. Optical analysis is used to identify and quantify spatial surface distortions, specifically wavelength (λ) and height (h), of the different types of extrusion flow instabilities. Qualitative constitutive models are reviewed and used to fit the experimental data for the spatial characteristics of extrusion flow instability. The fitting parameters as obtained by the models are correlated with molecular properties of the materials. It is found that the characteristic spatial wavelength (λ) increases as the extrusion temperature decreases. Hence, the influence of temperature on the spatial characteristic wavelength is investigated and an Arrhenius behavior is observed.
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- Georgantopoulos, Christos K., et al.
(författare)
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Role of molecular architecture and temperature on extrusion melt flow instabilities of two industrial LLDPE and LDPE polyethylenes investigated by capillary rheology, high-pressure sensitivity slit die and optical analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. - : Wiley. - 1097-4628 .- 0021-8995. ; 140:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The characteristic time periodicity (Formula presented.) and the spatial characteristic wavelength (Formula presented.) of extrusion flow instabilities of a linear and a branched commercial polyethylene (PE) are characterized via capillary rheology, optical analysis and modeled. The two investigated polyethylenes have the similar weight average molecular weight (Mw). The characteristic time periodicity (Formula presented.) is obtained and compared using three methods: (i) a highly sensitive pressure slit die, (ii) a new online optical analysis method based on the construction of a space–time diagrams, and (iii) an offline transmission polarization microscopy. In addition, the spatial characteristic wavelength λ is quantified by offline transmission polarization microscopy. The characteristic time periodicity (Formula presented.) of the extrusion flow instabilities follows a power law behavior as a function of apparent shear rate to a power of −0.7 for both materials, (Formula presented.). A qualitative model is used to predict the spatial characteristic wavelength (Formula presented.) of extrusion flow instabilities as well. It is found that the characteristic spatial wavelength λ and the characteristic time periodicity (Formula presented.) have an Arrhenius temperature-dependent behavior.
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