| 1. |
- Finstad, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
-
Competitive exclusion along climate gradients : energy efficiency influences the distribution of two salmonid fishes
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 17:4, s. 1703-1711
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We tested the importance of thermal adaptations and energy efficiency in relation to the geographical distribution of two competing freshwater salmonid fish species. Presence–absence data for Arctic char and brown trout were obtained from 1502 Norwegian lakes embracing both temperature and productivity gradients. The distributions were contrasted with laboratory-derived temperature scaling models for food consumption, growth and energy efficiency. Thermal performances of the two species were almost identical. However, Arctic char exhibited double the growth efficiency (per unit of food) and appear to have out-competed brown trout from cold, low-productivity lakes, perhaps by scramble competition. Brown trout, for which previous reports have shown to be aggressive and dominant, have likely excluded the more energy-efficient Arctic char from relatively warm, productive lakes, perhaps by contest competition. Competitive interaction changing in outcome with lake productivity, rather than thermal performance, is likely a major determinant of the range distribution of the two species. Our study highlights the need for more focus on choice of relevant ecophysiological traits in ecological climate impact studies and species distribution modelling.
|
|
| 2. |
- Nilsson, R. Henrik, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Introducing guidelines for publishing DNA-derived occurrence data through biodiversity data platforms
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Metabarcoding and Metagenomics. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 2534-9708. ; 6, s. 239-244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA sequencing efforts of environmental and other biological samples disclose unprecedented and largely untapped opportunities for advances in the taxonomy, ecology, and geographical distributions of our living world. To realise this potential, DNA-derived occurrence data (notably sequences with dates and coordinates) – much like traditional specimens and observations – need to be discoverable and interpretable through biodiversity data platforms. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) recently headed a community effort to assemble a set of guidelines for publishing DNA-derived data. These guidelines target the principles and approaches of exposing DNA-derived occurrence data in the context of broader biodiversity data. They cover a choice of terms using a controlled vocabulary, common pitfalls, and good practices, without going into platform-specific details. Our hope is that they will benefit anyone interested in better exposure of DNA-derived occurrence data through general biodiversity data platforms, including national biodiversity portals. This paper provides a brief rationale and an overview of the guidelines, an up-to-date version of which is maintained at https://doi.org/10.35035/doc-vf1a-nr22. User feedback and interaction are encouraged as new techniques and best practices emerge.
|
|
| 3. |
- Côté, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards modeling data-poor lakes at the regional scale using parameters from data-rich lakes and relationships to lake characteristics
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 13:3, s. 388-401
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lakes pivotal for recreation and economically relevant activities are often remote and not well studied, which hinders the application of predictive lake models for their management. Here, we provide an approach to simulate—by means of the process-oriented model MyLake—water temperature, ice cover duration, dissolved oxygen, and light attenuation in 198 data-poor lakes based on parameters obtained for a subgroup of 12 data-rich lakes and morphometric data. Specifically, the model is first calibrated using a genetic algorithm on well-studied lakes. Simple relationships between the fitted parameters and lake-catchment morphometric properties are then derived, and the results of simulations using fitted and derived parameters are compared. The loss in goodness-of-fit, expressed as root mean square error (RMSE) incurred by using estimated rather than calibrated parameters, is 0.17 °C for water temperature and 0.82 mg L−1 for dissolved oxygen. These general relationships are then used to provide the model parameters for 198 data-poor lakes distributed throughout Sweden and to model these lakes. Overall, this proof of concept allows simulating lakes selected based on their relevance for lake management rather than based on the availability of extensive field datasets.
|
|
| 4. |
- Finstad, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of incubation temperature on growth performance in Atlantic salmon
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 454, s. 75-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interspecific variations in thermal growth performance of ectotherms have received considerable recent interest fueled by the focus on ecological climate change effects. Amongpopulation variations in growth are commonly observed in field studies. However, the role of pheno typic plasticity in shaping this variation is largely unexplored in teleost fishes. Here, we tested for the effect of incubation temperature on thermal scaling of growth and maximum growth performance of the anadromous salmonid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Salmon eggs were incubated and reared until the onset of exogenous feeding at either heated or natural temperatures or transferred from natural to heated temperatures at the time of hatching, creating 3 different embryonic temperature treatments (heated, natural or mixed). We subsequently tested for juvenile growth performance of these groups at 8 temperatures ranging from 6 to 24°C. Maximum growth was significantly higher in the heated than the natural and mixed incubation temperature groups, but we did not observe differences in the thermal scaling of growth performance. Neither the upper nor lower thermal limit for growth nor the optimal growth temperature differed be tween the 3 incubation temperature treatments. However, thermal conditions experienced by in cubating embryos affected later growth performance. Although similar results have been observed previously among reptiles, this is to our knowledge the first empirical support for this hypothesis among teleost fishes. Phenotypic plasticity in growth performance can likely explain many of the contrasting findings from previous research on countergradient growth effects in teleost fishes.
|
|
| 5. |
- Finstad, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
-
Migrate or stay : terrestrial primary productivity and climate drive anadromy in Arctic char
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 18:8, s. 2487-2497
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A shift in the magnitude and timing of animal migrations is one of the most documented ecological effects of climate change. Although migrations are largely driven by spatial variation in resource gradients, few studies connect expected changes in primary production with geographic patterns in migratory behavior. Here, we link lake primary production to the occurrence of sea migrations in the partially anadromous salmonid Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.). We compiled presence/absence records of anadromous char populations spanning productivity and temperature gradients along the Norwegian coast. The probability of anadromy decreased with increasing migration distance, maximum slope of the migration route and lake productivity. There was a significant interaction between lake productivity and migration distance. The negative effect of longer migration distances was more severe in lakes with higher productivity, indicating reduced relative profitability of migration with increased feeding opportunities in freshwater. Lake productivity was mainly driven by terrestrial primary production in the catchment. We predicted future distributions of anadromous char given downscaled temperature and precipitation changes projected by two different emission scenarios and global climate models (GCMs). Projected increases in temperature and precipitation in 20712100 increased terrestrial primary production and, compared to the control scenario (19611990), decreased the range of anadromous populations. The prevalence of anadromy decreased by 53% in the HadAm3H GCM with the A2 emission scenario, 61% in HadAm3H with the B2 scenario and 22% in ECHAM4 with the B2 scenario. Cross-ecosystem studies (e.g., terrestrial to freshwater) are critical for understanding ecological impacts of climate change. In this case, climate-driven increases in terrestrial primary production are expected to increase primary production in lakes and ultimately reduce the prevalence of anadromy in Arctic char populations.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Jonsson, Bror, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
-
Winter temperature and food quality affect age and size at maturity in ectotherms: an experimentaltest with Atlantic salmon
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. - : Canada. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans; National Research Council Canada, National Research Council Canada. - 0706-652X .- 1205-7533. ; 69:11, s. 1817-1826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Field studies have revealed that many ectotherms mature younger and smaller in warmer environments although they grow faster. This has puzzled ecologists because the direct effect of factors that accelerate growth is expected to be larger, not smaller size. We tested this experimentally for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at two winter temperatures and diets. Logistic regression revealed that the probability of maturation during the second year in sea water, relative to the probability of older maturation, increased with temperature and growth rate during the first winter. Also, large size and high condition factor 1 year prior to maturation stimulated maturation. In females, a high lipid diet increased the probability of maturation as one-sea-winter fish, and there were significant interactions between winter temperature and food quality and between body size and condition factor the first autumn in sea water. Thus, if the direct effect of temperature on growth rate is the main effect of warming, salmon are likely to attain maturity younger and smaller. Also, richer food decreased age at maturation in females. This finding has consequences for interpretations of climate change impacts on age at maturity in Atlantic salmon and may also hold for many other ectotherm species.Salmo salar) at two winter temperatures anddiets. Logistic regression revealed that the probability of maturation during the second year in sea water, relative to theprobability of older maturation, increased with temperature and growth rate during the first winter. Also, large size andhigh condition factor 1 year prior to maturation stimulated maturation. In females, a high lipid diet increased the probability ofmaturation as one-sea-winter fish, and there were significant interactions between winter temperature and food quality andbetween body size and condition factor the first autumn in sea water. Thus, if the direct effect of temperature on growth rate isthe main effect of warming, salmon are likely to attain maturity younger and smaller. Also, richer food decreased age atmaturation in females. This finding has consequences for interpretations of climate change impacts on age at maturity in Atlantic salmon and may also hold for many other ectotherm species.
|
|
