| 1. |
- Annear, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Walkability in Japan’s aging neighborhoods : A comparative audit analysis of pedestrian journeys in urban Tokyo
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport & Health. - : Elsevier. - 2214-1405 .- 2214-1413. ; 35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tokyo is the most aged mega-city in the world, yet it has been subjected to few micro-scale evaluations of walkability in its super-aged neighborhoods. Systematic walking audits were conducted in two aging cities within western aspect of Tokyo to assess street-level walkability from older-adult housing to local destinations. A multi-method approach included administration of the Microscale Analysis of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS-mini) tool augmented with GIS analyses and photography across 10 super-aged neighborhoods (40 walking routes and 102 street segments) in the cities of Musashino and Mitaka. Musashino city had measurably better conditions for walking than the adjacent municipality of Mitaka with evidence of significant intra- and inter-city environmental variations. Prevailing barriers across both cities included poor access to parks and public transit, limited seating and shelter, inconsistent pedestrian infrastructure, narrow roadways, and few traffic calming measures. Signs of neighborhood disorder were conspicuously absent suggesting that sociocultural influences may enhance walkability in the context of sparse infrastructural support. These findings have implications for age-friendly remediation of pedestrian conditions in aging mega cities.
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| 2. |
- Offerman, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported changes in use of and attitudes toward ICT in three generations in Sweden during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2024
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Ingår i: Gerontology and geriatric medicine. - : Sage Publications. - 2333-7214. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19 has affected the daily activities of people worldwide. Recommendations introduced to reduce the spread of the virus led to increased use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to meet everyday needs. Such rapid digitalization had not been seen previously and not been possible to study before. Hence, this study aimed to identify and describe self-reported changes in usage of and attitudes toward ICT among three generations in Sweden during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it aimed to identify whether and how belonging to a specific generation was related to these changes. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2020 with a final sample of N?=?3,000, stratified into three generations (30?39, 50?59, and 70?79-year-old persons). A majority reported using digital technology more often than before the pandemic. Compared to the youngest generation, the oldest and middle-aged generations reported that they used digital technology more often than before the pandemic. Our results show which technologies were considered essential for different generations during the early phase of the pandemic. This information can be used to guide policy makers based on knowledge concerning the needs and demands for digital technologies in everyday life among people of different ages.
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| 3. |
- Gabrielsson-Järhult, Felicia, et al.
(författare)
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Hur klickar vi med vården? En vetenskaplig studie av digitala och fysiska vårdkontakter utifrån användarmönster och patienters erfarenheter av primärvård
- 2023
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patienter och professionella vårdaktörer är i en gemensam förändrings- och lärandeprocess, där vården parallellt med medborgarna och samhället lär sig hantera digitalisering. Under senare år, bl.a. pådrivet av covid-pandemin, har digitaliseringen och införande av nya arbetssätt gått så fort att utvärdering och forskning inte hunnit med i samma takt. Syftet med rapporten ”Hur klickar vi med vården?” är att bidra med aktuell kunskap om patienters användarmönster och erfarenheter av digitala och fysiska kontakter med primärvården. Resultaten är tänkt att användas som faktaunderlag och stöd för vårdens utvecklingsarbete.Sveriges Kommuner och Regioner (SKR) tog hösten 2022 initiativet till forskningsprojektet ”Hur klickar vi med vården?”. Uppdraget genomfördes under 2023 av en oberoende forskargrupp på Hälsohögskolan vid Jönköping University. Resultaten är presenterade i två delstudier baserade på registerdata från primärvården och intervjuer med patienter. All registrerad data från den regionala primärvården i Region Jönköpings län och Region Sörmland under perioden januari 2020 – december 2022 har ingått i undersökningen. Data från Region Jönköpings län omfattar ca 352.000 personer vilka sammanlagt hade haft kontakt med primärvården ca 4,2 miljoner gånger, motsvarande för Region Sörmland var ca 245.000 personer som hade haft ca 3,2 miljoner kontakter. I dessa data ingår kontakter med privata helt digitala vårdgivare och för Region Jönköpings län data från 1177 Sjukvårdsrådgivning. I rapporten ingår även 35 kvalitativa intervjuer med ett nationellt urval av patienter. Resultatet av den kvalitativa studien är presenterat som sex teman som beskriver patienters erfarenheter av kontakt med vården.
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| 4. |
- Grynne, A., et al.
(författare)
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Women's experience of the health information process involving a digital information tool before commencing radiation therapy for breast cancer : a deductive interview study
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6963. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Individuals undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer frequently request information before, throughout and after the treatment as a means to reduce distress. Nevertheless, the provision of information to meet individuals needs from their level of health literacy is often overlooked. Thus, individuals information needs are often unmet, leading to reports of discontent. Internet and digital information technology has significantly augmented the available information and changed the way in which persons accesses and comprehends information. As health information is no longer explicitly obtained from healthcare professionals, it is essential to examine the sequences of the health information process in general, and in relation to health literacy. This paper reports on qualitative interviews, targeting women diagnosed with breast cancer who were given access to a health information technology tool, Digi-Do, before commencing radiation therapy, during, and after treatment. METHODS: A qualitative research design, inspired by the integrated health literacy model, was chosen to enable critical reflection by the participating women. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women with access to a digital information tool, named Digi-Do, in addition to receiving standard information (oral and written) before commencing radiation therapy, during, and after treatment. A deductive thematic analysis process was conducted. RESULTS: The results demonstrate how knowledge, competence, and motivation influence women's experience of the health information process. Three main themes were found: Meeting interactive and personal needs by engaging with health information; Critical recognition of sources of information; and Capability to communicate comprehended health information. The findings reflect the women's experience of the four competencies: to access, understand, appraise, and apply, essential elements of the health information process. CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude that there is a need for tailored digital information tools, such as the Digi-Do, to enable iterative access and use of reliable health information before, during and after the radiation therapy process. The Digi-Do can be seen as a valuable complement to the interpersonal communication with health care professionals, facilitating a better understanding, and enabling iterative access and use of reliable health information before, during and after the radiotherapy treatment. This enhances a sense of preparedness before treatment starts.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Anette
(författare)
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Hemrehabilitering ur ett personcentrerat perspektiv
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen var att studera hemrehabilitering ur ett personcentrerat perspektiv där de tre första delstudierna utgår ifrån ett kommunalt hemrehabiliteringsprojekt som pågick mellan 2015-2022 i södra Sverige. Kvalitativa och kvantitativa data som samlades in i utvecklingssyfte inom hemrehabiliterings-projektet gjordes tillgängliga för vetenskapliga analyser inom doktorandprojektet. Första delstudien är en kvalitativ studie som utforskade vilka aspekter äldre personer upplevde var av värde för dem i hemrehabilitering. Andra delstudien är en kvantitativ analys av förändringar i funktion och aktivitetsförmåga och hälsa samt faktorer som kan ha påverkat dessa förändringar. Tredje delstudien undersökte relationer mellan standardiserade tester och ett självrapporterat frågeformulär som används vid hemrehabilitering och om det fanns könsskillnader inom och mellan bedömningarna. Avhandlingens fjärde och sista delstudie är en scoping review för att undersöka det internationella kunskapsläget av äldre personers upplevelser av hemrehabilitering. Det sammanlagda resultatet beskrivs och reflekteras utifrån McCormack & McCance’s ramverk för personcentrerad praktik.Resultatet visade att förutsättningar för personcentring fanns i hemrehabiliteringen då deltagarna upplevde personalen som professionellt, socialt och känslomässigt kompetenta. Hemmet som rehabiliteringens sammanhang var uppskattat av de äldre personerna och upplevdes som naturligt att träna i. Det fysiska hemmet innebar både möjligheter och hinder för vardagliga aktiviteter och delaktighet i samhället. För personcentrerade processer var teamsamverkan med internt lärande i hemmet viktigt. När deltagarna involverades som en naturlig del i teamet i hemmet främjades en jämlik relation mellan personal och deltagare. Dock upplevde vissa deltagare en bristande respekt från personalen kring deras integritet och att deras autonomi begränsades när hemmet blev en arbetsplats. En kombination av standardiserade tester och ett självskattningsinstrument bidrog till en kompletterade bedömning av funktion och aktivitetsförmåga. Det framkom dock könsskillnader inom och mellan bedömningsinstrumenten. Hemrehabiliteringen baserades på vad deltagarna själv ansågs vara viktigt för dem. Dock fanns upplevelser av motsatsen där insatsen inte överensstämde med önskemål eller behov. Intensiv rehabilitering med träning av arbetsterapeut och, med statistisk tendens, fysioterapeut var associerat med en förbättrad mobilitet. För deltagare som inte kunde påverka antalet besök och tidpunkt upplevdes ibland besöken som olägliga eller som alltför frekventa. Personcentrerade resultat av hemrehabiliteringen var upplevd förbättrad funktion och aktivitetsförmåga, ökad självständighet, insikt i och ökad tillit till egna förmågor och en känsla av kontroll i vardagen. Mätbara förbättringar framkom inom funktion och aktivitetsförmåga samt självskattad hälsa. De flesta deltagare upplevde att de fått vara delaktiga i beslut och var nöjda med insatsen, vilket dock inte gällde för alla. Avhandlingens slutsats är att hemmet som sammanhang för rehabilitering verkar ha förutsättningar att kunna bidra till skapandet av en personcentrerad praktik. Vissa komponenter och mekanismer kan dock påverka hemrehabiliteringsprocessen negativt. Därför är personalens kompetens och färdighet i att kunna förstå, bedöma och hantera den äldre personens sociala, fysiska och känslomässiga hem som sammanhang för rehabilitering en förutsättning för att en personcentrerad process med personcentrerade resultat kan kunna ske. Avhandlingens implikationer för praktiken presenteras i form av en standardiserad strukturerad hemrehabiliteringsmodell för att guida en personcentrerad praktik.
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| 6. |
- Offerman, J., et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes related to technology for active and healthy aging in a national multigenerational survey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Aging. - : Springer. - 2662-8465. ; 3:5, s. 617-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research is needed to understand attitudes toward and adoption of the broad range of technologies available to support active and healthy aging in different generations. The present article gives an overview of the GenerationTech survey and sample, and describes attitudes and acceptance related to technology in general and as a means to support active and healthy aging. A national survey was conducted with a random sample (n = 2,121) including men and women from three generations (30–39, 50–59 and 70–79-year-olds) in Sweden. The generations shared some attitudes toward and acceptance of technologies for active and healthy aging. However, what kind of technologies are preferred to support active and healthy aging and the reasons for using certain technologies differed by generation. The findings could help guide the development and implementation of technologies for active and healthy aging throughout the aging process.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Fristedt, Sofi, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical functioning associated with life-space mobility in later life among men and women
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central. - 1471-2318 .- 1471-2318. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundLife-space mobility is defined as the ability to access different areas extending from the room where the person sleeps to places outside one’s hometown. Life-space mobility is vital to support performance of daily life activities and autonomous participation in social life. However, there is a dearth of research that investigates a wider range of physical functions and functioning in relation to life-space mobility rather than just single aspects. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify and describe several measures of physical functioning associated with life-space mobility among older men and women.MethodsData used in this study was derived from the OCTO 2 study, a population-based study of health, functioning and mobility among older persons (n = 312) in Sweden. Associations between Life-Space Assessment (LSA) total score and age, sex, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), dizziness, lung function i.e. Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF), grip strength, self-rated vision and hearing were analysed through bivariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsThe bivariate models showed that life-space mobility was significantly associated with sex, but also age, SPPB, PEF and grip strength in the total group as well as among men and women. In addition, hearing was significantly associated with life-space mobility among women. Those factors that were statistically significant in the bivariate models were further analysed in multivariable models for the total group, and for men and women separately. In these models, sex, grip strength and SPPB remained significantly associated with life-space mobility in the total group, as well as SPPB among both men and women.ConclusionSex, physical function in terms of physical performance measured by SPPB (balance, gait speed and chair stand), and grip strength are associated with life-space mobility. Consequently, these factors need to be considered in assessments and interventions aiming to maintain mobility in old age.
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| 10. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, et al.
(författare)
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Co-designing digital self-care in later life
- 2022
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Ingår i: OR64: OR for a better world together. ; , s. 63-63
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discipline of Digital health is devoted to the accumulation of sociotechnical aspects which includes running digital care programs, healthcare technologies, sharing health related experiences, providing support for the people with chronic diseases and healthcare needs of the society to deliver the healthcare services in an effective manner. This is a special project which is focused on older persons’ health (range 65 to 79 years) in the home setting from the perspectives of design science, information ethics, systems thinking, information technology, and occupational science/therapy. Older people represent a particular community which is very focused on self-care to maintain and enhance health, prevent disease and cope with illness, as well as keep themselves social and participate in their community. However, generally, it is thought that the elderly community is reluctant to adopt new technologies and are seldomly included in the development of new technologies. Therefore, it is relevant to ask: How can emerging technologies support older person’s self-care and social participation? Implementation and use of technology at home is not only important for the older persons and their families, but it also impacts other stakeholders including care personnel, municipal health and social care managers as well as health sector policymakers. Overall, aim of the project is to establish the sustainable process of capturing and describing the self-care requirements and specifications for older people in Sweden and Japan through the development of a digital self-care tool together with older people. Following goals are set for this project:To establish close collaborations with the technology industry (e.g., medtech start-ups from Sweden and Japan).Applying ELSI framework.Seeking partners from researcher and practitioners’ community, industry, end-users.To explore the needs of community-dwelling older persons for self-care and participation in their communities and society.To explore available technologies to support older persons’ self-care and digital engagement in the communities and society.
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