| 1. |
- Sjöberg, Mats, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Infliximab or cyclosporine as rescue therapy in hospitalized patients with steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis : a retrospective observational study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1078-0998 .- 1536-4844. ; 18:2, s. 212-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cyclosporine (CsA) or infliximab (IFX) are used as rescue therapies in steroid-refractory, severe attacks of ulcerative colitis (UC). There are no data comparing the efficacy of these two alternatives. Methods: Outcome of rescue therapy was retrospectively studied in two cohorts of patients hospitalized due to steroid-refractory moderate to severe UC: 1) a Swedish-Danish cohort (n 49) treated with a single infusion of IFX; 2) an Austrian cohort (n 43) treated with intravenous CsA. After successful rescue therapy, maintenance immunomodulator treatment was given to 27/33 (82%) of IFX patients and to 31/40 (78%) of CsA patients. Endpoints were colectomy-free survival at 3 and 12 months. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between treatment groups and colectomy. Results: At 15 days, colectomy-free survival in the IFX cohort was 36/49 (73%) versus 41/43 (95%) in the CsA cohort (P = 0.005), at 3 months 33/49 (67%) versus 40/43 (93%) (P = 0.002), and at 12 months 28/49 (57%) versus 33/43 (77%) (P = 0.034). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, Cox regression analysis yielded adjusted hazard ratios for risk of colectomy in IFX-treated patients of 11.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-53.1, P = 0.002) at 3 months and of 3.0 (95% CI 1.1-8.2, P = 0.030) at 12 months in comparison with CsA-treated patients. There were no opportunistic infections or mortality. Conclusions: Colectomy frequencies were significantly lower after rescue therapy with CsA than with a single infusion of IFX both at 3 and 12 months' follow-up. The superiority of CsA was seen principally during the first 15 days.
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| 2. |
- Pozzer, Cesar, et al.
(författare)
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Imprecise Computation as an Enabler for Complex and Time Critical HLA Simulation Networks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Simulation Interoperability Workshop. - 9781634393898 ; , s. 171-179
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A trend over the past years is that simulation systems for training are being connected in simulation networks, allowing the interaction of teams spread in distributed sites. By combining interconnected simulation systems the simulation complexity increases and may affect time-critical simulation tasks in a negative way. As a consequence, the training simulation objectives may not be met. The same problem may occur when performing, for example, mission rehearsal on site, since available computation resources are usually very limited in this scenario, or for a joint fires scenario, where the large and complex functional chain (including intelligence, C2, forward observer, pilots, etc.) may overload existing resources. In this work, the technique of imprecise computation in real-time systems (ICRS) to preserve time-critical simulation tasks is presented. The ICRS technique allows time-critical tasks to produce quicker solutions for approximate results and saves computational resources. This paper discusses the main advantages of theICRS technique by a review of the commonly used optimization concepts built upon imprecise computation field. Thepaper ends with presenting a work-in-progress: an architectural solution for aligning ICRS with the High Level Architecture (HLA), standardized as the IEEE 1516-series.
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| 3. |
- Amorim, Joni A., et al.
(författare)
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Awareness and training : Identification of relevant security skills and competencies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Engineering Education in a Technology-Dependent World. - Guimarães : INTERTECH. - 9788565992282 - 9788566680287 ; , s. 37-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to identify needed skills and competencies for privacy and security, we propose a systematic process that maps privacy and security threats to related controls that are required to prevent, detect or remove such threats. This work suggests how to apply the process, while discussing how games and simulations can be used both to develop the desired behavior and to monitor the current competency level.
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| 4. |
- Amorim, Joni A., et al.
(författare)
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Privacy and Security in Cyberspace : Training Perspectives on the Personal Data Ecosystem
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference (EISIC), Proceedings CD. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9780769550626 ; , s. 139-142
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing understanding that privacy is an essential component of security. In order to decrease the probability of having data breaches, the design of information systems, processes and architectures should incorporate considerations related to both privacy and security. This incorporation may benefit from the offering of appropriate training. In this way, this paper intends to discuss how to better offer training while considering new developments that involve both multimedia production and the “gamification” of training. The paper suggests the use in conjunction of two frameworks: the EduPMO Framework, useful for the management of large scale projects that may involve a consortium of organizations developing multimedia for the offering of training, and the Game Development Framework, useful for the identification of the main components of the serious game for training on privacy by design to be developed as part of the training offering.
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| 5. |
- Atif, Yacine, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Cyber-Threat Intelligence Architecture for Smart-Grid Critical Infrastructures Protection
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Critical infrastructures (CIs) are becoming increasingly sophisticated with embedded cyber-physical systems (CPSs) that provide managerial automation and autonomic controls. Yet these advances expose CI components to new cyber-threats, leading to a chain of dysfunctionalities with catastrophic socio-economical implications. We propose a comprehensive architectural model to support the development of incident management tools that provide situation-awareness and cyber-threats intelligence for CI protection, with a special focus on smart-grid CI. The goal is to unleash forensic data from CPS-based CIs to perform some predictive analytics. In doing so, we use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) paradigms for both data collection, threat detection, and cascade-effects prediction.
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| 6. |
- Blais, Curtis, et al.
(författare)
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An Architecture for Demonstrating the Interplay of Emerging SISO standards
- 2006
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Ingår i: Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop (FallSIW). - 1930638450 - 9781622761425 ; , s. 441-451
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) focuses on facilitating simulation interoperability across government and non-government applications worldwide. A number of standards are emerging that will individually have great impact on the development and operation of simulation systems, as well as interoperation across simulation systems and command and control systems. More importantly, when these standards are applied together, they represent a set of capabilities and technologies which can revolutionize the simulation industry, radically improving the way we develop and deliver interoperable systems.Each of the following standards addresses specific needs that have been shortcomings in M&S interoperability in the past: (1) the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) provides a way to represent the coalition battle management doctrine within a Command and Control environment to enable unambiguous expression of plans and orders for live, constructive, and robotic forces; (2) the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) provides a common way to describe a scenario, including initialization information, that can be shared across multiple systems; (3) the Base Object Model (BOM) standard provides a way to identify piece parts of a simulation or model that can be used as building blocks for composing larger model sets; (4) the Simulation Reference Markup Language (SRML) provides a platform-independent way to represent behavior models which can be rendered quickly and easily (at runtime) by a simulation; and (5) the Distributed Interactive Simulation Extensible Markup Language (DIS-XML) initiative provides a way to represent DIS Protocol Data Units using XML to enhance interchange of dynamic entity state and entity interactions across diverse systems.This paper gives a brief overview of these key standardization efforts, and explores how each standard can interplay with other standards. The paper lays out an abstract architecture for demonstration of the composition of prototype versions of these products to show the community how they will be employed in the future and what benefits will accrue. The paper proposes a plan of action to implement the architecture for demonstration and discussion at the Spring 2007 Simulation Interoperability Workshop.
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| 7. |
- Devarakonda, Sravani, et al.
(författare)
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Low-grade intestinal inflammation two decades after pelvic radiotherapy.
- 2023
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Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - 2352-3964. ; 94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiotherapy is effective in the treatment of cancer but also causes damage to non-cancerous tissue. Pelvic radiotherapy may produce chronic and debilitating bowel symptoms, yet the underlying pathophysiology is still undefined. Most notably, although pelvic radiotherapy causes an acute intestinal inflammation there is no consensus on whether the late-phase pathophysiology contains an inflammatory component or not. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the potential presence of a chronic inflammation in mucosal biopsies from irradiated pelvic cancer survivors.We biopsied 24 cancer survivors two to 20 years after pelvic radiotherapy, and four non-irradiated controls. Using tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), we charted proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of the mucosal tissue previously exposed to a high or a low/no dose of radiation. Changes in the immune cell populations were determined with flow cytometry. The integrity of the protective mucus layers were determined by permeability analysis and 16S rRNA bacterial detection.942 proteins were differentially expressed in mucosa previously exposed to a high radiation dose compared to a low radiation dose. The data suggested a chronic low-grade inflammation with neutrophil activity, which was confirmed by mRNA-seq and flow cytometry and further supported by findings of a weakened mucus barrier with bacterial infiltration.Our results challenge the idea that pelvic radiotherapy causes an acute intestinal inflammation that either heals or turns fibrotic without progression to chronic inflammation. This provides a rationale for exploring novel strategies to mitigate chronic bowel symptoms in pelvic cancer survivors.This study was supported by the King Gustav V Jubilee Clinic Cancer Foundation (CB), The Adlerbertska Research Foundation (CB), The Swedish Cancer Society (GS), The Swedish State under the ALF agreement (GS and CB), Mary von Sydow's foundation (MA and VP).
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Gustavsson, Per M., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Expanding the management language smorgasbord towards standardization of Coalition - Crisis Management Language (C-CML)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Spring SIW 2006. - : SISO - Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization. - 9781615671731 ; , s. 1-12, s. 1-14
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Just as the present revolution in military affairs has formed the thoughts of joint and coalition forces between national and international militaries, a future revolution is also facing civilian authorities and agencies. Exchanging commander intent and collecting, fusing, and sharing a common operational picture between commanders and grassroots from various civilian authorities/agencies is not easily done. Laws prohibit information exchange, systems are not intended to share information and there is no or little formal training between authorities/agencies.For both simulated and real world operations, an unambiguous language to describe a commander's intent in Crisis Management is needed. The resemblance with the ongoing standardization of the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) is striking. In this paper the idea to form a CML aligned with C-BML is presented. The ongoing standardization effort of a Societal Security1 standard within the frame of ISO/TC-223 and the Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL) is introduced. The authors identifies some potential research topics and propose that the work in defining a Crisis Management Language, which is aligned with and benefits from the accomplishments of the ongoing C-BML standardization, is performed under the embracement of SISO.
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Per M., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Formalizing operations intent and effects for network-centric applications
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769534503
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Network-Centric approach enables systems to be interconnected in a dynamic and flexible architecture to support multi-lateral, civilian and military missions. Constantly changing environments require commanders to plan for more flexible missions that allow organizations from various nations and agencies to join or separate from the teams performing the missions, depending on the situation. The uncertainty inherent in an actual mission, and the variety of potential organizations that support the mission after it is underway, makes Command Intent (CI) a critical concept for the mission team. Both humans and computerized decision support services need to have the ability to communicate and interpret a shared CI. This paper presents the Operations Intent and Effects Model (OIEM) - a model that relates CI to Effects, and supports both traditional military planning and Effects Based Operation. In the provided example the suggested Command and Control Language is used to express Operations Intent and Effects. © 2009 IEEE.
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