| 1. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Ahlberg, Beth Maina, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Invisibility of Racism in the Global Neoliberal Era : Implications for Researching Racism in Healthcare
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-7775. ; 4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the difficulties of researching racism in healthcare contexts as part of the wider issue of neoliberal reforms in welfare states in the age of global migration. In trying to understand the contradiction of a phenomenon that is historical and strongly felt by individuals and yet widely denied by both institutions and individuals, we consider the current political and socioeconomic context of healthcare provision. Despite decades of legislation against racism, its presence persists in healthcare settings, but data on these experiences is rarely gathered in Europe. National systems of healthcare provision have been subject to neoliberal reforms, where among others, cheaper forms of labor are sought to reduce the cost of producing healthcare, while the availability of services is rationed to contain demand. The restriction both on provision of and access to welfare, including healthcare, is unpopular among national populations. However, the explanations for restricted access to healthcare are assumed to be located outside the national context with immigrants being blamed. Even as migrants are used as a source of cheap labor in healthcare and other welfare sectors, the arrival of immigrants has been held responsible for restricted access to healthcare and welfare in general. One implication of (im)migration being blamed for healthcare restrictions, while racism is held to be a problem of the past, is the silencing of experiences of racism, which has dire consequences for ethnic minority populations. The implications of racism as a form of inequality within healthcare and the circumstances of researching racism in healthcare and its implication for the sociology of health in Sweden are described.
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| 3. |
- Ahlberg, Beth Maina, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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“Just Throw It Behind You and Just Keep Going” : Emotional Labor when Ethnic Minority Healthcare Staff Encounter Racism in Healthcare
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - Switzerland : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-7775. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Encountering racism is burdensome and meeting it in a healthcare setting is no exception. This paper is part of alarger study that focusedonunderstandingandaddressingracismin healthcare in Sweden. In the paper, we draw on interviews with 12 ethnic minority healthcare staff who described how they managed emotional labor in their encounters with racism at their workplace. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis revealed that experienced emotional labor arises from two main reasons. The first is the concern and fear that ethnic minority healthcare staff have of adverse consequences for their employment should they be seen engaged in discussing racism. The second concerns the ethical dilemmas when taking care of racist patients since healthcare staff are bound by a duty of providing equal care for all patients as expressed in healthcare institutional regulations. Strategies to manage emotional labor described by the staff include working harder to prove their competence and faking, blocking or hiding their emotions when they encounter racism. The emotional labor implied by these strategies could be intense or traumatizing as indicated by some staff members, and can therefore have negative effects on health. Given that discussions around racism are silenced, it is paramount to create space where racism can be safely discussed and to develop a safe healthcare environment for the benefit of staff and patients.
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| 4. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Designing an education intervention for understanding racism in healthcare in Sweden : development and implementation of anti-racist strategies through shared knowledge production and evaluation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:4, s. 531-534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An educational intervention, based on qualitative evidence of racism in healthcare, is described. Using vignettes from a previous project, interviews were conducted to gather qualitative evidence of racism in healthcare settings from a wide range of healthcare staff in Sweden. From this interview material, case studies were devised that were subsequently presented to trainee healthcare professionals, in a seminar discussion. After the seminar, trainees responded to reflective questions. The order of work, as well as the materials used, are described. This intervention was successful in facilitating discussion about racism in an educational context, despite the difficult nature of these conversations for some participants.
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| 5. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Human Rights and citizenship-based claims for access to healthcare : evidence from policy makers, NGO, and healthcare workers across Europe
- 2020
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Ingår i: Religion, migration, and existential wellbeing. - London : Routledge. - 9780429326288 - 9780367345068 ; , s. 85-101
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freely available healthcare, universally accessible to the population of citizens, is a key ideal for European welfare systems. As labor migration of the twentieth century gave way to the globalized streams of the twenty-first century, new challenges to fulfilling these ideals have emerged. The principle of freedom of movement, together with large-scale forced migration have led to large scale movements of people, making new demands on European healthcare systems which had previously been largely focused on meeting sedentary local populations' needs. Drawing on interviews with service providers working for NGOs and public healthcare systems and with policy makers across 10 European countries, this paper considers how forced migrants' healthcare needs are addressed by national health systems, with factors hindering access at organizational and individual level in particular focus. The ways in which refugees' and migrants' healthcare access is prevented are considered in terms of claims based on citizenship and on the human right to health and healthcare. Where claims based on citizenship are denied and there is no means of asserting the human right to health, migrants are caught in a new form of inequality.
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| 6. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Policy Makers', NGO, and Healthcare Workers' Accounts of Migrants' and Refugees' Healthcare Access Across Europe : Human Rights and Citizenship Based Claims
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-7775. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freely available healthcare, universally accessible to the population of citizens, is a keyideal for European welfare systems. As labor migration of the twentieth century gave wayto the globalized streams of the twenty-first century, new challenges to fulfilling theseideals have emerged. The principle of freedom of movement, together with large-scaleforced migration have led to large scale movements of people, making new demandson European healthcare systems which had previously been largely focused on meetingsedentary local populations’ needs. Drawing on interviewswith service providers workingfor NGOs and public healthcare systems and with policy makers across 10 Europeancountries, this paper considers how forced migrants’ healthcare needs are addressedby national health systems, with factors hindering access at organizational and individuallevel in particular focus. The ways in which refugees’ and migrants’ healthcare accessis prevented are considered in terms of claims based on citizenship and on the humanright to health and healthcare. Where claims based on citizenship are denied and thereis no means of asserting the human right to health, migrants are caught in a new formof inequality.
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| 7. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Putting together services to meet everyday health needs : Diversity and bricolage in Sweden, UK, Portugal and Germany
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inequitable distribution of both healthcare resources and minority ethnic populations in European cities has put particular pressures on health service delivery. Multi-cultural models of society have tended to try to educate migrants and newly formed minorities in how to use services ‘appropriately’, rather than to reconfigure services. As neighbourhoods have been getting more diverse, existing models of healthcare delivery do not work so well, despite the rhetoric of ‘patient-centred care’. This study maps how people in two highly diverse neighbourhoods, with residents differentiated by faith, income, age, gender and legal status, put together the everyday support and healthcare they need. To build up a picture of the range of what people do to support their own wellbeing, we map people’s use of official health services, voluntary group support, informal help, including online and social media sources. This information, gathered by interviews and observations in neighbourhoods, is turned into an app that can be viewed and updated and which is used to further investigate the health care services that are valued and contrast these with the gaps where support is lacking. This paper draws on initial mapping data from Swedish neighbourhoods to critique ethnicity as a concept to investigate inequalities and diversity in respect of individuals’ relationship with healthcare, different modes of provision, and responsibilities for welfare allocation. Superdiversity (Vertovec 2007) is tested as a concept suitable for reconfiguring health services to respond to the ongoing diversification of diversity.
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| 8. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Spatialisation & racialization : Understanding the interplay of migration and integration in constructing Swedish suburbs
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden has, until recently, enjoyed exceptional status as a welfare state which has extended health and welfare benefits to large number of immigrants, in particular refugees and asylum seekers, without a breakdown in social cohesion.In 2009, civil unrest occurred across a range of city suburbs with a high proportion of people of immigrant background, and has been interpreted as an expression of discontent from young people unable to enjoy the full benefits of a well ordered society (Schierup and Alund 2011) in terms of access to housing and labour markets (Andersson, Magnusson Turner, and Holmqvist 2010). The rioting occurred in outlying suburbs know as ‘förorter’ where the housing is characterised by the mass building project of the 1960s and 1970s which have come to be seen as problematic areas where crime and a lack of social cohesion are concentrated.Since official data are not collected around ethnicity or religion, the higher proportion of people of immigrant background in problematised suburbs has had the effect of racialising city zones. We interrogate this process by looking at news and website reporting and political commentary about unrest which has included arson of private (cars) and communal property (libraries and nursery schools) and stoning of public vehicles (busses and ambulances) occurring in two areas of a large Swedish city. The racialising effects of constructing spatial divisions between zones of the city are examined in how problematic outlying suburbs are described.
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| 9. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Undoing the unspeakable : researching racism in Swedish healthcare using a participatory process to build dialogue
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health Research Policy and Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-4505 .- 1478-4505. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Racism is difficult to discuss in the context of Swedish healthcare for various cultural and administrative reasons. Herein, we interpret the fragmentary nature of the evidence of racialising processes and the difficulty of reporting racist discrimination in terms of structural violence.Methods:In response to the unspeakable nature of racism in Swedish healthcare, we propose a phased participatory process to build a common vocabulary and grammar through a consultative framework involving healthcare providers and service users as well as policy-makers. These stakeholders will be involved in an educational intervention to facilitate discussion around and avoidance of racism in service provision.Discussion:Both the participatory process and outcomes of the process, e.g. educational interventions, will contribute to the social and political conversation about racism in healthcare settings. Creating new ways of discussing sensitive topics allows ameliorative actions to be taken, benefitting healthcare providers and users. The urgency of the project is underlined.
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| 10. |
- Bradby, Hannah, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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‘You are Still a Guest in This Country!’ : Understanding Racism through the Concepts of Hospitality and Hostility in Healthcare Encounters in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sociology. - : Sage Publications. - 0038-0385 .- 1469-8684.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While regularly applied to globalized migration, conceptualizations of hospitality have rarely been used to understand healthcare settings. Drawing on interviews with healthcare staff in Sweden, our article contributes to the current conceptualization of hospitality accounting for: the internal contradictions of hospitality that racialized staff experience in their everyday interactions with patients and other staff; the shifting boundaries between host and guest in everyday healthcare practices, especially when examined through the lens of racialization and finally; the subtle though troubled coexistence of hostility and un(conditional) hospitality that weakens resistance against racism. The analysis maps the complex contingencies of professional, ethnic and national relations between staff and patients, in light of their racialized and gendered nature, to suggest that the ambivalences theorized as part of the concept of hospitality show how the hurts of racism are so hard to pinpoint.
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