| 1. |
- Munk, P., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic analysis of sewage from 101 countries reveals global landscape of antimicrobial resistance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention.
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| 2. |
- Sliz, E., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of a causal effect of genetic tendency to gain muscle mass on uterine leiomyomata
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are the most common tumours of the female genital tract and the primary cause of surgical removal of the uterus. Genetic factors contribute to UL susceptibility. To add understanding to the heritable genetic risk factors, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of UL in up to 426,558 European women from FinnGen and a previous UL meta-GWAS. In addition to the 50 known UL loci, we identify 22 loci that have not been associated with UL in prior studies. UL-associated loci harbour genes enriched for development, growth, and cellular senescence. Of particular interest are the smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation-regulating genes functioning on the myocardin-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A pathway. Our results further suggest that genetic predisposition to increased fat-free mass may be causally related to higher UL risk, underscoring the involvement of altered muscle tissue biology in UL pathophysiology. Overall, our findings add to the understanding of the genetic pathways underlying UL, which may aid in developing novel therapeutics.
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| 5. |
- Hognert, Helena, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Ecological study on the use of hormonal contraception, abortions and births among teenagers in the Nordic countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RESULTS: Both annual birth rates and abortion rates fell in all the Nordic countries during the study period. The highest user rate of hormonal contraceptives among 15-19-year-olds was observed in Denmark (from 51% to 47%) followed by Sweden (from 39% to 42%) and Norway (from 37% to 41%). Combined oral contraceptives were the most commonly used methods in all countries. The use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC), implants and the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems, were increasing, especially in Sweden and Norway. In the subgroup of 18-19-year-old teenagers, the user rates of hormonal contraceptives varied between 63% and 61% in Denmark, 56% and 61% in Norway and 54% and 56% in Sweden. In the same subgroup, the steepest increase of LARC was seen, from 2% to 6% in Denmark, 2% to 9% in Norway and 7% to 17% in Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: Birth and abortion rates continuously declined in the Nordic countries among teenagers. There was a high user rate of hormonal contraceptives, with an increase in the use of LARC especially among the oldest teenagers. OBJECTIVES: Compare hormonal contraceptive use, birth and abortion rates among teenagers in the Nordic countries. A secondary aim was to explore plausible explanations for possible differences between countries. DESIGN: Ecological study using national registry data concerning births and abortions among all women aged 15-19 years residing in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden 2008-2015. Age-specific data on prescriptions for hormonal contraceptives for the period 2008-2015 were obtained from national databases in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. SETTING: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: Women 15-19 years old in all Nordic countries (749 709) and 13-19 years old in Denmark, Norway and Sweden (815 044). © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
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| 6. |
- Lindh, Ingela, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Reproductive changes among women in their 40s: A cross-sectional study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 101:42, s. 248-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim was to describe and compare changes in the reproductive pattern of women in their 40s observed over a decade in Scandinavia. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study using the total population of women aged 40-49 years between 2008-2018 in Denmark, Norway and Sweden (on average n = 1.5 million). Aggregated data concerning birth and induced abortion rate were collected and analyzed from national health registers. National data on redeemed prescriptions of hormonal contraceptives in the three countries were collected from prescription registers. Births after spontaneous and assisted conceptions were identified by using cross-linked data on deliveries from the Medical Birth Registers and National Registers of Assisted Reproduction in the three countries. Results: Use of hormonal contraception increased among women aged 40-44 years in Denmark from 24% to 31%, in Sweden from 27% to 30%, and in Norway from 22% to 24%. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device was the most frequently used method in all countries. Birth rates among women 40-44 years increased continuously from 9.5 to 12/1000 women in Denmark and from 11.7 to 14.3/1000 in Sweden, but remained stable in Norway at similar to 11/1000 women. There was a doubling of assisted conceptions in Denmark from 0.71 to 1.71/1000 women, Sweden from 0.43 to 0.81/1000 and Norway from 0.25 to 0.53/1000 women 40-49 years of age. Sweden had the highest induced abortion rate (7.7 to 8.1/1000 women) in women aged 40-49 years during the study period. Conclusions: From 2008 to 2018, birth rates continuously increased among women aged 40-49 years in Denmark and Sweden and births resulting from assisted reproductive technology doubled in all three countries.
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| 9. |
- Arthur, J, et al.
(författare)
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The dishonourable disobedience of not providing abortion
- 2017
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Ingår i: The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-0782. ; 22:1, s. 81-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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