| 1. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Barns Skallskador vid Olyckor i Personbil
- 2016
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Ingår i: Transportforum, January 12–13, 2016; Linköping, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Review of Child Car Occupant Fatalities in Sweden During Six Decades
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings: IRCOBI Conference; September 11-13; Gothenburg, Sweden. ; , s. 1-14
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of fatal outcome was reviewed based on crash data including all fatally injured 0–14 year old car occupants in Sweden during 1956–2011 and put in relation to general improvements in vehicle and road safety and implementation of restraint systems.The review revealed a substantial decrease in crash‐related fatalities among 0–14 year old car occupants during the past three decades, representing a significant drop of 83% compared to the highest scores in the 1960s–70s. During 1992–2011, a total of 194 crash‐related fatalities were registered; the majority occurred on high‐speed roads. Head injury was a primary cause of death, in a total of 54% of all cases. Two fifths of the crashes involved a single car, while three fifths involved other vehicles. In total, 24% of the children were unrestrained, and 59% of those were ejected during crashes. Among the restrained children, 56% were considered to be appropriately restrained according to Swedish recommendations. Crash severity, complex crash situation, fire and drowning were factors that contributed to the fatal outcome, even though the restraint usage was considered to be optimal.
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| 3. |
- Jakobsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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'Att blifva sin egen' : ungdomars väg in i vuxenlivet i 1700- och 1800-talens övre Norrland
- 2000
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - Umeå : Umeå universitet. ; 37:3-4, s. 134-141
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The background to this study is that there is no studies on youth and their transition to adulthood in preindustrial Sweden. The main objective of this thesis has therefore been to analyze young peoples transition to adulthood during the late 18th and 19th centuries in a region of the northern part of Sweden. The social context of the region was mainly agrarian during the investigated period despite the fact that in the later part of the 19th and beginning of 20th century, a development of a growing forest industry had started. The main questions is: How and when in life did different social categories of young people establish an independent and adult life? Where there any changes in transitional patterns and was the establishment smoother or more troublesome at different times during the investigated period ? Where there any changes regarding social norms related to the establishment of adult life?The transition to adult life is studied from a life-course approach and four key-transitions; The First Holy communion, leaving home, marriage and parenthood are regarded as significant steps within the process to a independent social position. Individual data related to keytransitions is mainly collected from cathectical examination records and comprised 2206 individuals born in six different cohorts between 1770 and 1900. The selected cohorts represents individuals that had to deal with different social conditions during their youth and transition to adult life.The main results regarding the transition to adult life can be summarized in two words, complexity and variance. Usually it was a "long" transition but the number of accomplished keytransitions and the order between them varied, as well as ages when taking the first Holy Communion, leaving home, marriage and entering parenthood varied. Transitional patterns varied between different categories of youth. A dividing line existed between the sexes, those from households strongly rooted in the agricultural structure and those with background in social categories that didn't own or was in possession of land. Social norms related to keytransitons changed along this dividing line during the investigated period of time, and became less permissive within landowning or land-possessing categories and less prescriptive in other categories.Transitional patterns were also influenced by the social situation at different historical times. The need for labor, war and years of famine directly intervened in timing and sequencing of keytransitions. A long term development was that the transition to adult life became more problematic in the later part of the 19th century, especially among young people who were less integrated in the social context and among socially stigmatized youth. Finally, young people were active and reflexive in seeking social space to make the transition to adult life, actions that sometimes caused tensions and conflicts between generations.
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| 4. |
- Abrahamsson, Thomas R, et al.
(författare)
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Probiotic lactobacilli in breast milk and infant stool in relation to oral intake during the first year of life
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1536-4801 .- 0277-2116. ; 49:3, s. 349-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This is to identify factors affecting the prevalence of Lactobacillus reuteri in maternal faeces and breast milk and infant faeces after oral supplementation with L reuteri and to assess the influence on microbial ecology, particularly Clostridium difficile and Bifidobacterium colonization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this double-blind trial, 232 mothers with a family history of atopic disease were randomized to a daily intake of either L reuteri American-type culture collection (ATCC) 55730 (1 x 10 colony-forming units [CFU]) or placebo for the last 4 weeks of pregnancy. Their babies then continued with the same study product daily from birth until 12 months of age. Bacterial counts and prevalence were assessed in maternal breast milk and faeces and infant faeces, using conventional cultivation methods. RESULTS: The prevalence of L reuteri was higher during the first year of life in the stool samples from infants in the active as compared with the placebo-treated group. The highest prevalence was recorded at 5 to 6 days of age (82% in the treated vs 20% in the placebo group, P < 0.001). Lactobacillus reuteri was isolated from 12% and 2%, respectively, in the colostrum samples (P < 0.05). Breast-feeding seemed to reduce faecal L reuteri counts, although antibiotics did not influence the levels of L reuteri. The administration of L reuteri did not affect bifidobacteria or C difficile colonization. CONCLUSION: Lactobacillus reuteri may be detected in breast milk after oral supplementation to the mother and in almost all infants after oral supplementation during the first year of life, as well as occasionally in many untreated infants.
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| 5. |
- Abrahamsson, Thomas R, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Probiotics in prevention of IgE-associated eczema : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 119:5, s. 1174-1180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An altered microbial exposure may underlie the increase of allergic diseases in affluent societies. Probiotics may alleviate and even prevent eczema in infants. OBJECTIVE: To prevent eczema and sensitization in infants with a family history of allergic disease by oral supplementation with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri. METHODS: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which comprised 232 families with allergic disease, of whom 188 completed the study. The mothers received L reuteri ATCC 55730 (1 x 10(8) colony forming units) daily from gestational week 36 until delivery. Their babies then continued with the same product from birth until 12 months of age and were followed up for another year. Primary outcome was allergic disease, with or without positive skin prick test or circulating IgE to food allergens. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of eczema was similar, 36% in the treated versus 34% in the placebo group. The L reuteri group had less IgE-associated eczema during the second year, 8% versus 20% (P = .02), however. Skin prick test reactivity was also less common in the treated than in the placebo group, significantly so for infants with mothers with allergies, 14% versus 31% (P = .02). Wheeze and other potentially allergic diseases were not affected. CONCLUSION: Although a preventive effect of probiotics on infant eczema was not confirmed, the treated infants had less IgE-associated eczema at 2 years of age and therefore possibly run a reduced risk to develop later respiratory allergic disease. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: Probiotics may reduce the incidence of IgE-associated eczema in infancy.
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| 7. |
- Albin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Nya arbetsmiljöplanen inte långsiktigt hållbar
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bulletin från Arbets- och miljömedicin Syd och Yrkes- och miljödermatologi, Malmö. - 2000-3633. ; , s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Globalisering, ny teknologi och demografiska förändringar innebär genomgripande förändringar av arbetsmiljö och arbetsorganisation. Om arbetsmiljöpolitiken då inte är tydlig och viljeinriktad finns en påtaglig risk för ett polariserat arbetsliv, där de som kan välja mellan olika arbetsgivare får en god och utvecklande arbetsmiljö, medan de andra riskerar att bli hänvisade till förhållanden där inte ens arbetsmiljölagens minimikrav efterlevs. Det snedvrider konkurrensen, och ger negativa spiraler vad gäller arbetsmiljö, arbetsrelaterad ohälsa och gap i hälsa mellan olika grupper i samhället.
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