| 1. |
- Andersson, Niklas, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A variant near the interleukin-6 gene is associated with fat mass in Caucasian men
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 34:6, s. 1011-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Regulation of fat mass appears to be associated with immune functions. Studies of knockout mice show that endogenous interleukin (IL)-6 can suppress mature-onset obesity. OBJECTIVE: To systematically investigate associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the IL-6 (IL6) and IL-6 receptor (IL6R) genes with body fat mass, in support for our hypothesis that variants of these genes can be associated with obesity. DESIGN AND STUDY SUBJECTS: The Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study is a population-based cross-sectional study of 18- to 20-year-old men (n=1049), from the Gothenburg area (Sweden). Major findings were confirmed in two additional cohorts consisting of elderly men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden (n=2851) and MrOS US (n=5611) multicenter population-based studies. MAIN OUTCOME: The genotype distributions and their association with fat mass in different compartments, measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Out of 18 evaluated tag SNPs near the IL6 and IL6R genes, a recently identified SNP rs10242595 G/A (minor allele frequency=29%) 3' of the IL6 gene was negatively associated with the primary outcome total body fat mass (effect size -0.11 standard deviation (s.d.) units per A allele, P=0.02). This negative association with fat mass was also confirmed in the combined MrOS Sweden and MrOS US cohorts (effect size -0.05 s.d. units per A allele, P=0.002). When all three cohorts were combined (n=8927, Caucasian subjects), rs10242595(*)A showed a negative association with total body fat mass (effect size -0.05 s.d. units per A allele, P<0.0002). Furthermore, the rs10242595(*)A was associated with low body mass index (effect size -0.03, P<0.001) and smaller regional fat masses. None of the other SNPs investigated in the GOOD study were reproducibly associated with body fat. CONCLUSIONS: The IL6 gene polymorphism rs10242595(*)A is associated with decreased fat mass in three combined cohorts of 8927 Caucasian men.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Niklas, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Variants of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene are associated with fat mass in men
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 33:5, s. 525-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Immune functions seem to have connections to variations in body fat mass. Studies of knockout mice indicate that endogenous interleukin (IL)-1 can suppress mature-onset obesity. Objective: To systematically investigate our hypotheses that single- nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and/or haplotypes variants in the IL-1 gene system are associated with fat mass. Subjects: The Gothenburg osteoporosis and obesity determinants (GOOD) study is a population-based cross-sectional study of 18-20 year-old men (n = 1068), from Gothenburg, Sweden. Major findings were confirmed in elderly men (n = 3014) from the Swedish part of the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) multicenter population-based study. Main Outcome Measure: The genotype distributions and their association with body fat mass in different compartments, measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Out of 15 investigated SNPs in the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) gene, a recently identified 30 untranslated region C4T (rs4252041, minor allele frequency 4%) SNP was associated with the primary outcome total fat mass (P = 0.003) and regional fat masses, but not with lean body mass or serum IL-1 receptor 1 (IL1RN) levels. This SNP was also associated with body fat when correcting the earlier reported IL1RN_2018 T4C (rs419598) SNP (in linkage disequilibrium with a well-studied variable number tandem repeat of 86 bp). The association between rs4252041 SNP and body fat was confirmed in the older MrOS population (P = 0.03). The rs4252041 SNP was part of three haplotypes consisting of five adjacent SNPs that were identified by a sliding window approach. These haplotypes had a highly significant global association with total body fat (P < 0.001). None of the other investigated members of the IL-1 gene family displayed any SNPs that have not been described previously to be significantly associated with body fat. Conclusions: The IL1RN gene, shown to enhance obesity by suppressing IL-1 effects in experimental animals, have no previously described gene polymorphisms and haplotypes that are associated with fat, but not lean mass in two populations of men. International Journal of Obesity (2009) 33, 525-533; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.47; published online 17 March 2009
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| 3. |
- Roos, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A three-level analysis of values related to socially responsible retirement investments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2043-0795 .- 2043-0809.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim is to investigate the value basis of Socially Responsible Retirement Investments (SRRI) in a study of Swedish pension investors in the age range 18 to 65 years (N=1005). Logistic regression analyses were performed with self-reported SRRI choice as dependent variable and different levels of values as independent variables. On a higher level of analyses, self-transcendent values, especially universalism (e.g., equality, protecting the environment, and social justice), have the most important influences on SRRI choice. In contrast, on a lower-level analysis, SRRI choice is influenced by self-enhancement values with high priority for authoritarian power and low priority for wealth. The three-level analysis of values (self-transcendence vs self-enhancement value orientation, motivational domain, and value) questions the contradiction between dimension poles of values and the structuring of values in interrelated motivational domains. The results thereby clarify some previous findings and increase the understanding of the value basis of SRRI.
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| 4. |
- Teumer, A., et al.
(författare)
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Genomewide meta-analysis identifies loci associated with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels with impact on age-related traits
- 2016
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Ingår i: Aging Cell. - : Wiley. - 1474-9718 .- 1474-9726. ; 15:5, s. 811-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis can be manipulated in animal models to promote longevity, and IGF-related proteins including IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) have also been implicated in risk of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Through genomewide association study of up to 30884 adults of European ancestry from 21 studies, we confirmed and extended the list of previously identified loci associated with circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations (IGF1, IGFBP3, GCKR, TNS3, GHSR, FOXO3, ASXL2, NUBP2/IGFALS, SORCS2, and CELSR2). Significant sex interactions, which were characterized by different genotype–phenotype associations between men and women, were found only for associations of IGFBP-3 concentrations with SNPs at the loci IGFBP3 and SORCS2. Analyses of SNPs, gene expression, and protein levels suggested that interplay between IGFBP3 and genes within the NUBP2 locus (IGFALS and HAGH) may affect circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations. The IGF-I-decreasing allele of SNP rs934073, which is an eQTL of ASXL2, was associated with lower adiposity and higher likelihood of survival beyond 90years. The known longevity-associated variant rs2153960 (FOXO3) was observed to be a genomewide significant SNP for IGF-I concentrations. Bioinformatics analysis suggested enrichment of putative regulatory elements among these IGF-I- and IGFBP-3-associated loci, particularly of rs646776 at CELSR2. In conclusion, this study identified several loci associated with circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations and provides clues to the potential role of the IGF axis in mediating effects of known (FOXO3) and novel (ASXL2) longevity-associated loci. © 2016 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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| 5. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Involuntary backsourcing in the public sector ‐ From conflict to collaboration
- 2022
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Ingår i: Public Administration. - : Wiley. - 0033-3298 .- 1467-9299. ; 100:3, s. 674-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature on how involuntary backsourcing in public organisations is performed in practice and how it affects the relationship between principal and agent. The study focuses on two questions; 1) Which stages characterise the process when public contracts are involuntary terminated? 2) How does involuntary backsourcing affect the relationship between principal and agent during the transfer period? The study's case concerns public backsourcing in Sweden, in particular, how a metropolitan municipality manages involuntary backsourcing. This study provides in‐depth insights into backsourcing and its practice, as well the degree to which the conflict dimension between the parties is affected. The study shows ‐ paradoxically ‐ that the relationship between principal and agent during the transition phase is characterised by dependence, mutual exchange of information, collaboration and less conflict. The study contributes to developing the theory of backsourcing, particularly the behaviour that is played out between principal and agent in the transition stage. The findings identify the need for public organisations which make outsourcing decisions to have contingency plans for bringing operations back in‐house.
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| 6. |
- Biel, Anders, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioural Impediments to Sustainable Investment.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 32nd IAREP Conference, Ljubljana, Slovenia..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigates impediments to sustainable investment (SI) that reside within the organizations of institutional investors. A questionnaire was addressed to 35 institutional investors with board directors, senior investment managers or portfolio managers acting as respondents. The respondents represented SI as well as non-SI funds. Presently, little is known about how variations in the endorsement of values and norms among members in an organisation affect decision making. We tested the hypothesis that to the extent that a SI policy has been adopted, members of the organisation share a norm to advance SI, driven by an adherence to social and environmental values, together with beliefs about potential benefits of SI. We also examined an alternative model assuming a direct link between beliefs about financial outcomes of SI and SI practices in the organisation.
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| 7. |
- Carlström, Eric, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Quasi-backsourcing in the Public Sector : The Challenge of Withdrawing from an Intertwined and Long-standing Relationship
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Administration. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0190-0692 .- 1532-4265. ; 46:4, s. 302-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to map the process involved in terminating a long-standing business relationship in a public context. It employed an exploratory study to interview 35 politicians, senior- and middle managers, ambulance- and dispatch centre staff and representatives of a regional alliance of patients. Growing criticism from a county council towards a contractor ended in a decision to bring services back in-house. However, terminating the contract failed and instead a state of quasi-backsourcing emerged. Only parts of the services were taken back in-house, with few reported benefits. The study suggests that caution is needed in relation to backsourcing services from a closely intertwined contractor.
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| 8. |
- Coviello, Andrea D, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association meta-analysis of circulating sex hormone-binding globulin reveals multiple Loci implicated in sex steroid hormone regulation.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 8:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein responsible for the transport and biologic availability of sex steroid hormones, primarily testosterone and estradiol. SHBG has been associated with chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and with hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of 21,791 individuals from 10 epidemiologic studies and validated these findings in 7,046 individuals in an additional six studies. We identified twelve genomic regions (SNPs) associated with circulating SHBG concentrations. Loci near the identified SNPs included SHBG (rs12150660, 17p13.1, p=1.8×10(-106)), PRMT6 (rs17496332, 1p13.3, p=1.4×10(-11)), GCKR (rs780093, 2p23.3, p=2.2×10(-16)), ZBTB10 (rs440837, 8q21.13, p=3.4×10(-09)), JMJD1C (rs7910927, 10q21.3, p=6.1×10(-35)), SLCO1B1 (rs4149056, 12p12.1, p=1.9×10(-08)), NR2F2 (rs8023580, 15q26.2, p=8.3×10(-12)), ZNF652 (rs2411984, 17q21.32, p=3.5×10(-14)), TDGF3 (rs1573036, Xq22.3, p=4.1×10(-14)), LHCGR (rs10454142, 2p16.3, p=1.3×10(-07)), BAIAP2L1 (rs3779195, 7q21.3, p=2.7×10(-08)), and UGT2B15 (rs293428, 4q13.2, p=5.5×10(-06)). These genes encompass multiple biologic pathways, including hepatic function, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and T2D, androgen and estrogen receptor function, epigenetic effects, and the biology of sex steroid hormone-responsive cancers including breast and prostate cancer. We found evidence of sex-differentiated genetic influences on SHBG. In a sex-specific GWAS, the loci 4q13.2-UGT2B15 was significant in men only (men p=2.5×10(-08), women p=0.66, heterogeneity p=0.003). Additionally, three loci showed strong sex-differentiated effects: 17p13.1-SHBG and Xq22.3-TDGF3 were stronger in men, whereas 8q21.12-ZBTB10 was stronger in women. Conditional analyses identified additional signals at the SHBG gene that together almost double the proportion of variance explained at the locus. Using an independent study of 1,129 individuals, all SNPs identified in the overall or sex-differentiated or conditional analyses explained ∼15.6% and ∼8.4% of the genetic variation of SHBG concentrations in men and women, respectively. The evidence for sex-differentiated effects and allelic heterogeneity highlight the importance of considering these features when estimating complex trait variance.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gärling, Tommy, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioural impediments to sustainable investment.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 16th annual conference of European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists (EARE), University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Institutional investors are large and powerful owners of corporate equity and have, through their investment decisions, the potential to influence company behaviour in a more sustainable direction. How can institutional investors be influenced? There are many obstacles to overcome before such influences will become more widespread. The present study investigates impediments to sustainable investment (SI) that reside within and between organizations of institutional investors. A questionnaire was addressed to 37 institutional fund companies with board directors, senior investment managers, and portfolio managers acting as respondents. A main impediment within the organizations is that top and portfolio management differs in their view on SI. Although they have similar beliefs about short- and long-term returns of SI funds, top management has a more positive view on intangibles associated with SI. This includes to what extent one believes that members of the own organization support a norm that SI should be implemented and that the share of SI in the own company will increase in the future. The main impediment to SI practice may also be traced to incentives and rules that through imitation are adopted across organisations, potentially underlying the frequently observed herding behaviour among institutional investors. We therefore also present evidence for the hypothesis that herding is caused by interdependence between institutional investors, for instance, that leading investors or a critical mass of investors influence many others to follow suit.
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