| 1. |
- Åberg, Sebastian, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Subjective Appetite Assessment under Free-Living vs. Controlled Conditions: A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Whole-Grain Rye and Refined Wheat Diets (VASA-Home)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - 2072-6643. ; 15:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accurate assessment of self-reported appetite under free-living conditions is warranted to conduct large-scale intervention studies measuring appetite at a feasible cost. However, the performance of visual analogue scales (VASs) for this purpose has not been widely examined. Method: This randomized crossover trial was conducted to evaluate VASs in free-living vs. clinic-based settings and to assess appetite response following hypocaloric whole-grain rye and refined wheat diets. Twenty-nine healthy adults with overweight or obesity continuously answered VAS questions about their perceived appetite from morning to evening. Results: No differences in whole-day VAS scores (primary outcome) between clinic-based and free-living settings were observed, whereas measures of total area under the curve (tAUC) showed increased fullness in clinic-based interventions of 7% (p < 0.008) for whole-day responses and 13% (p < 0.03) following a snack. Appetite responses for a whole day did not differ between diets whereas rye-based dinners induced 12% (p < 0.016) higher fullness and reduced hunger by 17% (p < 0.02) irrespective of setting. A reduction in hunger of 15% (p < 0.05) was also observed following rye-based vs. wheat-based lunches. Conclusion: The results suggest that the VAS is valid for evaluation of appetite responses between diets under free-living conditions. No difference in self-reported appetite over the whole day was found after whole-grain rye vs. refined wheat-based diets, but there were some suggested differences at certain postprandial periods, in individuals with overweight or obesity.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bayati, Zahra, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Nytt centrum mot rasism får fel vetenskaplig inriktning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Göteborgs Posten. - 1103-9345. ; :2015-06-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- När rasism ska förstås som något som kan lösas genom att lära ut tolerans undergrävs förtroendet för regeringens satsning. Dessutom saknas det etnisk/rasifierad mångfald bland forskargruppen.
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| 4. |
- Bosaeus, Marja, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized longitudinal dietary intervention study during pregnancy: effects on fish intake, phospholipids, and body composition
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Fish and meat intake may affect gestational weight gain, body composition and serum fatty acids. We aimed to determine whether a longitudinal dietary intervention during pregnancy could increase fish intake, affect serum phospholipid fatty acids, gestational weight gain and body composition changes during pregnancy in women of normal weight participating in the Pregnancy Obesity Nutrition and Child Health study. A second aim was to study possible effects in early pregnancy of fish intake and meat intake, respectively, on serum phospholipid fatty acids, gestational weight gain, and body composition changes during pregnancy. Methods In this prospective, randomized controlled study, women were allocated to a control group or to a dietary counseling group that focused on increasing fish intake. Fat mass and fat-free mass were measured by air-displacement plethysmography. Reported intake of fish and meat was collected from a baseline population and from a subgroup of women who participated in each trimester of their pregnancies. Serum levels of phospholipid arachidonic acid (s-ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (s-EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (s-DHA) were measured during each trimester. Results Weekly fish intake increased only in the intervention group (n = 18) from the first to the second trimester (median difference 113 g, p = 0.03) and from the first to the third trimester (median difference 75 g, p = 0.01). In the first trimester, fish intake correlated with s-EPA (r = 0.36, p = 0.002, n = 69) and s-DHA (r = 0.34, p = 0.005, n = 69), and meat intake correlated with s-ARA (r = 0.28, p = 0.02, n = 69). Fat-free mass gain correlated with reported meat intake in the first trimester (r = 0.39, p = 0.01, n = 45). Conclusions Dietary counseling throughout pregnancy could help women increase their fish intake. Intake of meat in early pregnancy may increase the gain in fat-free mass during pregnancy.
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| 5. |
- Bosaeus, Marja, et al.
(författare)
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Accuracy of quantitative magnetic resonance and eight-electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis in normal weight and obese women.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614. ; 33:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims Quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) has previously been shown to both overestimate and underestimate average fat mass (FM) in humans. Eight-electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has previously been found biased as well as successfully validated. We report cross-sectional accuracy of QMR and eight-electrode BIA evaluated with air displacement plethysmography (ADP) as reference method. Methods Fat mass and fat free mass (FFM) by QMR and eight-electrode BIA were evaluated against ADP as reference in 38 normal weight and 30 obese women. Total body water estimates by QMR and eight-electrode BIA were compared. Results Fat mass was overestimated by QMR (1 ± 2 kg, p < 0.001) and was underestimated by eight-electrode BIA (1 ± 3 kg, p = 0.03, Bonferroni adjusted p = 0.29) in normal weight women. Fat mass was underestimated by both QMR (2 ± 2 kg, p < 0.001) and eight-electrode BIA (9 ± 3 kg, p < 0.001) in obese women. Fat free mass biases were of similar magnitude but in opposite direction to FM biases. Total body water estimates were larger by eight-electrode BIA compared to QMR (1–10 kg). Conclusions Fat mass and FFM by QMR were both biased but in opposite directions in both normal weight and obese women. Eight-electrode BIA FM and FFM estimates were imprecise and biased in obese women. Thus, QMR is more precise and more accurate than eight-electrode BIA for estimating body composition in women, but is not accurate enough to be used for individual single assessment of body composition.
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| 6. |
- Bosaeus, Marja, et al.
(författare)
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Body Composition During Pregnancy: Longitudinal Changes and Method Comparisons
- 2020
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Ingår i: Reproductive Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1933-7191 .- 1933-7205. ; :27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pregnancy Obesity Nutrition and Child Health study is a longitudinal study of reproductive health. Here we analyzed body composition of normal-weight and obese Swedish women by three methods during each trimester of pregnancy. Cross-sectional and longitudinal fat mass estimates using quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (Tanita MC-180MA-III) were compared with fat mass determined by air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in pregnancy weeks 8-12, 24-26, and 35-37 in normal-weight women (n = 122, BMI = 22.1 +/- 1.6 kg/m(2)) and obese women (n = 29, BMI = 34.6 +/- 3.6 kg/m(2)). ADP results were calculated from pregnancy-adjusted fat-free mass densities. Mean fat mass by QMR and ADP were similar in obese women, although with wide limits of agreement. In normal-weight women, QMR overestimated mean fat mass in all trimesters, with systematic overestimation at low fat mass values in trimesters 1 and 3. In obese women, fat mass by BIA was grossly underestimated and imprecise in all trimesters, especially at higher values in trimester 2. In normal-weight women, fat mass by BIA was moderately lower than by ADP in trimester 1, similar in trimester 2, and moderately higher in trimester 3. QMR and ADP assessed fat mass changes similarly in obese women, whereas BIA overestimated fat mass changes in normal-weight women. Mean fat mass and fat mass changes by QMR and pregnancy-adjusted ADP were similar in pregnant obese women. Mean fat mass by QMR and fat mass changes by BIA were higher than corresponding values determined by pregnancy-adjusted ADP in normal-weight women.
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| 7. |
- Hesselink, André, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy Nordic diet and associations with plasma concentrations of metabolites in the choline oxidation pathway: a cross-sectional study from Northern Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1475-2891. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe choline oxidation pathway and metabolites involved have been linked to diseases including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. A healthy Nordic diet is a recently defined dietary pattern associated with decreased risk for these diseases. Our aim was to explore associations between adherence to a healthy Nordic diet and plasma concentrations of metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway.MethodsThe Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) and Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS) were applied to cross-sectional data (n = 969) from the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme in Northern Sweden to score adherence to a healthy Nordic diet. Data included responses to a dietary questionnaire and blood sample analyses (1991-2008). Associations of diet scores with plasma concentrations of metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway and total homocysteine (tHcy), seven metabolites in total, were evaluated with linear regression, adjusting for age, BMI, education and physical activity.ResultsHNFI scores showed linear relationships with plasma choline (beta = 0.11), betaine (beta = 0.46), serine (beta = 0.98) and tHcy (beta = - 0.38), and BSDS scores with betaine (beta = 0.13) and tHcy (beta = - 0.13); unstandardized beta coefficients, all significant at P < 0.05. The regression models predicted changes in plasma metabolite concentrations (+/- 1 SD changes in diet score) in the range of 1-5% for choline, betaine, serine and tHcy. No other statistically significant associations were observed.ConclusionsA healthy Nordic diet was associated with plasma concentrations of several metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway. Although relationships were statistically significant, effect sizes were moderate. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and associations with health outcomes.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Isabella, et al.
(författare)
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The Fate of a Hapten - From the Skin to Modification of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Lymph Nodes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skin (contact) allergy, the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity in humans, is caused by low molecular weight chemicals (haptens) that penetrate stratum corneum and modify endogenous proteins. The fate of haptens after cutaneous absorption, especially what protein(s) they react with, is largely unknown. In this study the fluorescent hapten tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) was used to identify hapten-protein conjugates in the local lymph nodes after topical application, as they play a key role in activation of the adaptive immune system. TRITC interacted with dendritic cells but also with T and B cells in the lymph nodes as shown by flow cytometry. Identification of the most abundant TRITC-modified protein in lymph nodes by tandem mass spectrometry revealed TRITC-modification of the N-terminal proline of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) - an evolutionary well-conserved protein involved in cell-mediated immunity and inflammation. This is the first time a hapten-modified protein has been identified in lymph nodes after topical administration of the hapten. Most haptens are electrophiles and can therefore modify the N-terminal proline of MIF, which has an unusually reactive amino group under physiological conditions; thus, modification of MIF by haptens may have an immunomodulating role in contact allergy as well as in other immunotoxicity reactions.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Therese, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of dietary choline and betaine with all-cause mortality: a prospective study in a large Swedish cohort
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 63:3, s. 785-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Investigate the association between choline and betaine intake and all-cause mortality in a large Swedish cohort. Methods: Women (52,246) and men (50,485) attending the Västerbotten Intervention Programme 1990–2016 were included. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for energy intake, age, BMI, smoking, education, and physical activity were used to estimate mortality risk according to betaine, total choline, phosphatidylcholine, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, sphingomyelin, and free choline intakes [continuous (per 50 mg increase) and in quintiles]. Results: During a median follow-up of 16 years, 3088 and 4214 deaths were registered in women and men, respectively. Total choline intake was not associated with all-cause mortality in women (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06; P = 0.61) or men (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.04; P = 0.54). Betaine intake was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality in women (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91, 0.98; P < 0.01) but not in men. Intake of free choline was negatively associated with risk of all-cause mortality in women (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96, 1.00; P = 0.01). No other associations were found between intake of the different choline compounds and all-cause mortality. In women aged ≥ 55 years, phosphatidylcholine intake was positively associated with all-cause mortality. In men with higher folate intake, total choline intake was positively associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusion: Overall, our results do not support that intake of total choline is associated with all-cause mortality. However, some associations were modified by age and with higher folate intake dependent on sex. Higher intake of betaine was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in women.
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