| 1. |
- Gál, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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A fifth- to sixth-century CE lynx (Lynx lynx L., 1758) skeleton from Hungary 2 : Stature and archaeological interpretations
- 2024
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Ingår i: International journal of osteoarchaeology. - 1047-482X .- 1099-1212. ; 34:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lynx remains are rare in archaeological assemblages. The skeleton of an adult male accompanied by four dogs was found in a large Migration Period pit at Zamárdi–Kútvölgyi-dűlő II, Hungary. Extant lynx skeletons were used in estimating the shoulder height of this individual. Its stature is comparable to those of the large dogs it was buried with. None of the five skeletons showed skinning marks. Although the physical reconstruction of the lynx was of help in appraising this special pit, the actual nature of the deposit remains in question. Possible interpretations range from the mundane discard of carcasses to the poorly understood ritual burial of carnivores, beginning with the lynx. We reviewed these options within the framework of cultural diversity of Migration Period peoples in west-central Hungary.
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| 2. |
- Kiss, Eszter, et al.
(författare)
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Granulosa cell tumors in girls : Preliminary results of a meta-analysis of new and published cases
- 2023
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Ingår i: Hormone Research in Paediatrics. - : S. Karger. - 1663-2818 .- 1663-2826. ; 96:Suppl. 4, s. 126-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) originate from sex cord/stromal tissue in the gonad. They are typically located in an ovary, but extra-gonadal localisation exists. These tumors are extremely rare in children and no systematic review has been published. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the following questions: What is the clinical picture of girls with a GCT? How are these patients treated and what is their prognosis?Methods: To be included in the review, the article had to present a new case with GCT fulfilling the following criteria: female human fetus or a girl aged < 19 years with clinical information included a tumor containing granulosa cells.The databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched in November 2021. To find new cases, we asked pediatric endocrinologists in Sweden to report patients after informed consent had been secured. We also collected data from a Swedish paediatric reference pathology laboratory.Results: The search identified 1,894 published references of which 35 were duplicates. We have screened 1,859 abstracts. We are in the process of reading 824 selected articles in full text to check for eligibility. Individual participant data has been extractedfrom 20 of the published reports for preliminary results. Nineteen new Swedish cases with a GCT were identified.The preliminary analysis of 39 patients’ data shows an average age of 7.3 years at the time of diagnosis (range: antenatal diagnosis up to 18 years of age). Symptoms at presentation were: prepubertal breast enlargement, vaginal discharge/bleeding, abdominal distension or pain, pubic hair growth, fever, constipation, swelling of vulva or cliteromegaly, hyperpigmentation of the skin, primary/secondary amenorrhea, headache, hirsutism and advanced linear growth.The histopathological diagnosis was juvenile GCT in 76.9%, adult GCT in 12.8%, a mixed type of juvenile and adult GCT in 7.7% and another type of tumor containing granulosa cell component in 2.6% of the cases.All patients received surgical treatment except one with a post-mortem GCT diagnoses. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in two cases.Three patients (7.7%) died, two of them due to late discovery of the primary tumor and one secondary to local recurrence of the tumor with metastases 4 years after the primary diagnosis.Conclusion: GCT can present in all pediatric ages and often, but far from always, with endocrine symptoms such as peripheral precautious puberty. Data from this systematic review will hopefully promote early recognition of this malignant disease.
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| 3. |
- Olah, Csilla, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive value of molecular subtypes and APOBEC3G for adjuvant chemotherapy in urothelial bladder cancer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Medicine. - : Wiley. - 2045-7634. ; 12:5, s. 5222-5232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Although targeted approaches have become available in second- and third-line settings, platinum-based chemotherapy remains the standard first-line treatment for advanced muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Therefore, the prediction of platinum resistance is of utmost clinical importance. Methods: In this study, we established a routine compatible method for the molecular classification of MIBC samples according to various classification systems and applied this method to evaluate the impact of subtypes on survival after adjuvant chemotherapy. This retrospective study included 191 patients with advanced MIBC (pT≥3 or pN+) who underwent radical cystectomy, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. A 48-gene panel and classifier rule set were established to determine molecular subtypes according to TCGA, MDA, LundTax, and Consensus classifications. Additionally, 12 single platinum-predictive candidate genes were assessed. The results were correlated with patients' clinicopathological and follow-up data and were validated using independent data sets. Results: Our final evaluation of 159 patients demonstrated better survival in the luminal groups for those who received chemotherapy compared with those who did not. In contrast, no such differences were observed in basal subtypes. The use of chemotherapy was associated with better survival in patients with high APOBEC3G expression (p < 0.002). This association was confirmed using an independent data set of patients who received neoadjuvant platinum therapy. Conclusions: The proposed method robustly replicates the most commonly used transcriptome-based subtype classifications from paraffin-embedded tissue samples. The luminal, but not basal, molecular subtypes had the greatest benefit from adjuvant platinum therapy. We identified and validated APOBEC3G as a novel predictive marker for platinum-treated patients.
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| 4. |
- Patterson, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; , s. 588-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
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