| 1. |
- Alvinius, Aida, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing visibility and differentiating in recruitment of women as leaders in the armed forces
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Gender Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0958-9236 .- 1465-3869. ; 27:5, s. 534-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recruitment is one of the Swedish Armed Forces' (SAF) main challenges today. Recruiting more women into the organization is one of the organization's aims, as well as providing them with more opportunities for career development. The purpose of this article is to gain a deeper understanding of how female military officers perceive barriers and advantages on their way to higher leadership positions. A total of 10 women from a variety of backgrounds and positions in the armed forces were interviewed. Their ranks ranged from Captain to Colonel and they represented army, naval units and air force. The interviews were analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. The qualitative analysis resulted in two main themes: Supporting visibility of women as leaders and differentiation of women as leaders. The former concerns positive strategies on an individual and organizational level that support an increase in the number of female leaders in the SAF, and is a way of responding to political incitements and the SAF's fundamental values. The second concerns ways how women are portrayed as different and divergent from the male standard. The suggested model may be valuable in recruitment, educational settings and leader development of high-level military officers from a gender perspective.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Borges Neves, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Transitions into Precarity at Work Among Older Men in the Metal Industry in Portugal and Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031112713 - 9783031112720 ; , s. 61-76
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transitions into precariousness and labour market exclusion in late professional career need to be understood from the perspective of individual biographies unfolding in relation to historical developments, social structures and social changes. The generation born in the 1950’s in Europe, now nearing retirement, has lived through periods of economic affluence and welfare state expansion, but also of macro-economic shocks, deindustrialization, and neo-liberal slimming of public social structures. These changes were concurrent with accelerated digitalization and restructuring of work organizations. This chapter illustrates transitions into unemployment and precariousness among older men in the context of economic downturn and organizational restructuring in a sector particularly exposed to the effects of neo-liberal globalization- the metal industry. We go on to show how in two different organizational-institutional realities countries, such as Portugal and Sweden these workers are exposed to different mechanisms that paved the way out of secure employment into insecure employment and precarious positions in the labour market.
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| 4. |
- Brandheim, Susanne, 1965-
(författare)
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A systemic stigmatization of fat people
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this work was to develop knowledge about and awareness of fatness stigmatization from a systemic perspective. The stigmatization of fat people was located as a social problem in a second-order reality in which human fatness is observed and responded to, in turn providing it with negative meaning. Four separate studies of processes involved in this systemic stigmatization were performed.In study I, the association between weight and psychological distress was investigated. When controlling for an age-gender variable, this association was almost erased, questioning the certainty by which a higher weight in general is approached as a medical issue. In study II, the focus was on stigma internalization where negative and positive responses combined were connected to fat individuals’ distress. We found that both responses seemed to have a larger impact on fat individuals, suggesting that the embodied stigma of being fat sensitizes them to responses in general. In study III, justifications of fatness stigmatization was explored by a content analysis of a reality TV weight-loss show. The analysis showed how explicit bullying of a fat partner could be justified by animating the thin Self as violated by the fat Other, thus downplaying the evils of the bullying act in favor of highlighting the ideological value of thinness.The implications of these studies were related and seated in a context comprising a historical aversion toward the fat body, a declared obesity epidemic, a new public health ideology, a documented failure to reverse this obesity epidemic, and a market of weight-loss stakeholders who thrive on keeping the negative meanings of being fat alive. The stigmatization of fat people was intelligible from a systemic perspective, where processes of structural ignorance, internalized self-discrimination, and applied prejudice reinforce each other to form a larger stigmatizing process. In paper IV, it was argued that viewing fatness stigmatization as oppression rather than misrecognition could hold transformative keys to social change.
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| 5. |
- Burnay, Nathalie, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031112713 - 9783031112720 ; , s. 1-17
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, policies that extend the working life have been a key feature of European and other countries with post-industrialised economies. These policies focus on two dimensions of work and retirement which governments consider crucial to reform if pension systems are to be safeguarded in the context of ageing populations. First, legal and administrative reforms are pushing back the legal age of retirement thereby withholding pension rights until workers have reached a certain age. Second, defined benefit pensions, so-called because employees and employers know the formula for calculating retirement benefits in advance of paying them, are being phased out and replaced by defined contribution pensions, where the level of contributions, and not the final benefit, is pre-defined and no final pension promise is made. This shift results in the individualisation of pension benefits, since in most cases workers must build up sufficient contributions and invest in pension products on financial markets. The effect of this trend is that workers remain in the labour force longer in order to secure an acceptable pension benefit. Overall, the implementation of these two policies to extend the working life has produced the desired effect of retaining individuals longer in the labour market and easing the pressure on public pensions, as can be seen in data produced by Eurostat since the 1990s: the proportion of people aged 55 years or more in the total number of persons employed in the EU-27 increased from 12% to 20% between 2004 and 2019 (Eurostat, 2021).
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| 6. |
- Engström, Lars-Gunnar, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Extended Working Life Policies. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030409852 - 9783030409845 ; , s. 439-447
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Extended working life in Sweden is discussed using the old age pension reform of 2001 and debates and policies following this reform as a starting point. Extended working life is also discussed in relation to flexible work, unpaid caregiving, employers’ attitudes toward older workers and working environment. The implications of different outcomes of an extended working life for men and women and possible health effects are considered. Several issues with gender as well as health implications have to be further analyzed and evaluated to ensure not only financial sustainability of the pension system but also equal opportunities for men as well as for women both in an extended working life and in life after retirement.
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| 7. |
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Gender, Ageing and Extended Working Life : Cross-national perspectives
- 2017
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nations that are raising retirement ages appear to work on the assumption that there is appropriate employment available for people who are expected to retire later. 'Gender, ageing and extended working life' challenges both this narrative, and the gender-neutral way the expectation for extending working lives is presented in most policy-making circles. The international contributors to this book - part of the Ageing in a Global Context series - apply life-course approaches to understanding evolving definitions of work and retirement. They consider the range of transitions from paid work to retirement that are potentially different for women and men in different family circumstances and occupational locations, and offer solutions governments should consider to enable them to evaluate existing policies. Based on evidence from Australia, Germany, Ireland, Portugal, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States, this is essential reading for researchers and students, and for policymakers who formulate and implement employment and pensions policy at national and international levels.
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| 8. |
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Gender and Change : Power, Politics and Everyday Practices
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on gender aims to contribute towards a better society with the help of scientific tools. Change is therefore a key concept in gender studies. With a wide range of theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches and empirical materials from Sweden, Norway and Iceland, this book investigates how gender relations are shaped, reproduced, and challanged. Collectively, the papers in this volume point to where we are heading in terms of gender relations. Where are the seeds to change, and how does power make possible or impede on change?
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| 9. |
- Grip, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The woman as problem and solution : Analysis of a gender equality initiative within the Swedish Rescue Services
- 2016
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Ingår i: NORA. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-8740 .- 1502-394X. ; 24:2, s. 95-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to study how problem definitions of gender equality affect the possible outcomes of gender equality initiatives. The Swedish Municipal Rescue Services were chosen as the empirical example because they offer a workplace where women are greatly under-represented despite years of gender equality efforts. The article analyses how reasoning around gender equality shapes and constructs problem formulations around gender and equality. This article contributes to the debate on the conditions of gender equality founded on gender equality definitions, and how this relates to the potential for change. The gender equality efforts within the Rescue Services are problematized based on Bacchi’s policy analysis model. We do so by analysing the applications attracted by a call for a gender equality initiative within the Municipal Rescue Services—A Fire Station for Everyone. The article argues that, to some extent, the problem definitions in this case undermine gender equality initiatives as they place women—whom they wish to recruit to the Rescue Services to make it more gender equal in a numerical sense—in a paradoxical position as both problem and solution. Nor do they problematize power issues. It is stated that the given problem descriptions do not leave a lot of room for change, but that the method used to analyse the problem descriptions can be an important tool for understanding why gender equality initiatives may struggle to achieve their intended objectives.
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| 10. |
- Heikkinen, Satu, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Ålderism - ett fruktbart begrepp?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 45:2, s. 18-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ageism has gained growing attention in Sweden the last decade. Age is even discussed to be included in the discrimination legislation. Still, the concept has not been of much sociological interest. This article is an overview of the concept ageism and how it has been discussed in social gerontology. In the article it is argued that the overall focus has been on overtly expressions such as stereotypes and discriminating behavior while underlying structures and processes of power and power relations have not got enough attention. As a result the concept of ageism has become limited as an analytical tool. Thus, in order to develop the potential of the concept it seems crucial to explicate and theorise power relations. To accomplish this goal, i.e. to focus on how age based power relations are negotiated, challenged and reproduced in processes and institutionalised practise it is suggested that ageism might have to be complemented with other concepts, such as age coding.
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