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- Bateman, Alex, et al.
(författare)
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RNAcentral: A vision for an international database of RNA sequences.
- 2011
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Ingår i: RNA (New York, N.Y.). - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1469-9001 .- 1355-8382. ; 17:11, s. 1941-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last decade there has been a great increase in the number of noncoding RNA genes identified, including new classes such as microRNAs and piRNAs. There is also a large growth in the amount of experimental characterization of these RNA components. Despite this growth in information, it is still difficult for researchers to access RNA data, because key data resources for noncoding RNAs have not yet been created. The most pressing omission is the lack of a comprehensive RNA sequence database, much like UniProt, which provides a comprehensive set of protein knowledge. In this article we propose the creation of a new open public resource that we term RNAcentral, which will contain a comprehensive collection of RNA sequences and fill an important gap in the provision of biomedical databases. We envision RNA researchers from all over the world joining a federated RNAcentral network, contributing specialized knowledge and databases. RNAcentral would centralize key data that are currently held across a variety of databases, allowing researchers instant access to a single, unified resource. This resource would facilitate the next generation of RNA research and help drive further discoveries, including those that improve food production and human and animal health. We encourage additional RNA database resources and research groups to join this effort. We aim to obtain international network funding to further this endeavor.
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- Degerman, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Immortalization of T-Cells Is Accompanied by Gradual Changes in CpG Methylation Resulting in a Profile Resembling a Subset of T-Cell Leukemias
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neoplasia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-8002 .- 1476-5586. ; 16:7, s. 606-615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously described gene expression changes during spontaneous immortalization of T-cells, thereby identifying cellular processes important for cell growth crisis escape and unlimited proliferation. Here, we analyze the same model to investigate the role of genome-wide methylation in the immortalization process at different time points pre-crisis and post-crisis using high-resolution arrays. We show that over time in culture there is an overall accumulation of methylation alterations, with preferential increased methylation close to transcription start sites (TSSs), islands, and shore regions. Methylation and gene expression alterations did not correlate for the majority of genes, but for the fraction that correlated, gain of methylation close to TSS was associated with decreased gene expression. Interestingly, the pattern of CpG site methylation observed in immortal T-cell cultures was similar to clinical T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) samples classified as CpG island methylator phenotype positive. These sites were highly overrepresented by polycomb target genes and involved in developmental, cell adhesion, and cell signaling processes. The presence of non-random methylation events in in vitro immortalized T-cell cultures and diagnostic T-ALL samples indicates altered methylation of CpG sites with a possible role in malignant hematopoiesis.
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- Krupp, Ulrich, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Intergranular Oxidation Effects During Dwell-Time Fatigue of High-Strength Superalloys
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 88:1 (SI), s. 3-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper summarizes experimental work to identify the mechanisms of dwell-time cracking during service operation of polycrystalline nickelbase superalloys, such as Alloy 718 and AD730. By means of crack growth monitoring during various kinds of cyclic loading in vacuum and in air using the potential drop technique, it was shown that the combination of sustained tensile stress, load reversal, and oxidizing atmosphere leads to an increase in the crackpropagation rate by orders of magnitude, as compared to cyclic reference tests without dwell time and/or under vacuum conditions. By careful metallographic and theoretical analysis, the embrittling effect was attributed to stress-induced oxygen diffusion ahead of the intergranular crack tip followed by decohesion in a nanometerscale and had been termed ‘‘dynamic embrittlement.’’ More recently, atom probe tomography of the near-crack tip region revealed that the damage zone consists of Cr-rich transition oxides rather than elemental oxygen. This is in qualitative agreement with TGA measurements on Alloy 718 specimens without mechanical loading, which shows that crack propagation velocities of 50 lm/s do not allow massive Cr2O3 or NiO scale formation. By means of a quantitative analysis of the fracture surface, it became evident that grain-boundary attack depends on the grainboundarycharacter. This observation was supported by four-point bending experiments on grain-boundary-engineered samples with a high fraction of coincident site lattice boundaries and bicrystalline samples with well-defined grain-boundary misorientation relationships with respect to the loading axis. Taking the experimental results into account, semiquantitative modeling concepts have been developed to correlate crack propagation rates with the oxygen grain-boundary diffusivity, the local microstructure, and the mechanical stress states. These concepts are discussed in terms to adapt grain size and precipitate microstructure of polycrystalline superalloys.
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- Marion, E K, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal blocks with and without morphine in women undergoing hysterectomies : a randomized study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sri Lankan Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Sri Lanka Journals Online (JOL). - 1391-8834 .- 2279-1965. ; 18:1, s. 23-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study whether a group of patients going through abdominal hysterectomies under general anesthesia could reduce their time of discharge and consumption of parenteral opioids by adding morphine to an intrathecal block. Methods: Sixty seven healthy women, undergoing abdominal hysterectomies. Patients had general anesthesia in combination with spinal blocks. Randomization between intrathecal blocks with morphine (group 1) and without morphine (group 2), in combination with either postoperative intermittent (group 1) or patient controlled analgesia (group 2). Results: The median time to discharge in group 1 was 53 hours and in group two 69 hours. Time of discharge was not statistically significant (p = 0.51). The patients in group 2 had significantly higher visual analogue scores for pain postoperatively. More postoperative opioids were also consumed in that group (p Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that intrathecal block with morphine in combination with postoperative nurse administered opioids did not show a difference in time to discharge compared to intratechal block without morphine in combination with PCA. However, there was a significant reduction in the level of pain and nausea as well as consumption of postoperative opioids. Based on the questionnaire, significantly more patients suffered from major nausea in the group without intrathecal morphine.
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- Phoya, Sarah, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Health and Safety Risk Perception of Site Managers, Supervisors and Workers in Tanzania Urban Construction Sites
- 2011
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Ingår i: CIB W099 Conference of International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk perceptions play a prominent role in the decisions people make, that is, differences in risk perception lie at the heart of disagreements about the best course of action between the individual and their context. In the construction industry risk perception holds a central position in health and safety risk management through risk assessment and risk communication. Construction site managers and supervisors, as individuals, are regarded as having greater impact on project performance in relation to health and safety risk. Their assessment and communication of risk depends largely on their perception of risk. This paper is part of an ongoing research to develop a conceptual framework for health and safety risk assessment and communication in Tanzanian urban construction workplaces. It presents preliminary fieldwork results of which 20 construction site managers, 10 gang supervisors and 50 workers were interviewed on how they characterize and rank risk in different activities in construction projects under two trades namely concrete casting and block laying trades. Twenty large construction sites were purposively selected. The findings are based on site managers’ perception of health and safety risk, and factors influencing such perception(s) of risk.
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- Siwicki, Jan Konrad, et al.
(författare)
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Telomere maintenance and cell cycle regulation in spontaneously immortalized T-cell lines from Nijmegen breakage syndrome patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 287:1, s. 178-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a rare genetic instability syndrome associated with a high incidence of lymphoid malignancies. The NBS1 protein has been implicated in telomere biology suggesting that cells from NBS patients might have deficient telomere maintenance capacity. In this study we characterized spontaneously immortalized T-cell lines derived from three NBS patients regarding growth characteristics, telomere biology, expression of cell-cycle regulators, and response to DNA damage to understand the role of NBS1 in the immortalization process. In all the NBS T-cell lines the acquisition of an immortal phenotype was associated with telomere length stabilization, high telomerase activity, and increased mRNA expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT), together with c-myc up-regulation. Our findings provide evidence that telomere length maintenance was intact in the T lymphocytes in the absence of a full-length NBS protein, presumably due to the presence of an alternatively transcribed NBS protein of 70 kDa. Normal protein expression patterns for pRb and p53 in all the immortal lines coincided with altered expression of some cell-cycle proteins as well as with an impaired G1/S arrest after gamma irradiation, despite a seemingly normal p53/p21 pathway. The here described, spontaneously immortalized NBS derived T-cell lines can be useful in future analysis of the biologic effects in the NBS.
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