| 1. |
- Diedrich, Andreas, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the Performativity Turn in Management Studies
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the contemporary “turns” in management studies is the “performativity” turn. In this paper, we present a genealogy of the concept of performativity as it has been used in management and organization studies (MOS). Starting with the work of Austin, Bateson, Goffman and Lyotard, we move on to more recent debates surrounding the use of the concept by Butler and the STS researchers Callon, Latour and Law, as well as how their ideas have been further translated within MOS. The focus is on how the concept is defined and on the areas of study where performativity has been used. Taken together, the approach to performativity employed has implications for how the concept is understood and translated. Finally, we discuss the particular ontological position of the performative perspective, and its methodological consequences.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fransson, Göran, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
On the Swedish National Grade School for Digital Technologies in Education – GRADE : Expectations and experiences of doctorial students and supervisors
- 2018
-
Ingår i: ICERI2018 Proceedings. - Sevilla : IATED. - 9788409059485 ; , s. 769-774
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish National Graduate School for Digital Technologies in Education (GRADE) is a cooperative venture between six Swedish universities established during 2018. Within the field of educational sciences and in the area of digital technologies in education, GRADE aims to strengthen the expertise in the area and to increase national and international cooperation in research training activities.Over a number of years, and from multitude of sources (cf. Brown & Davis, 2004; Fisher, Higgins & Loveless, 2006; Kafai & Resnick 1996), research has stressed that increased digitalization in schools leads to a complexity that needs to be taken into account on different levels, from different perspectives and with different designs, methodologies and theoretical perspectives (cf. Olofsson, Lindberg, Fransson & Hauge, 2015; Price, Jewitt & Brown, 2013; Tondeur, Valcke & van Braak, 2008). At a micro-level, the learning situation of students, teachers and school-leaders changes and it becomes important to deepen the knowledge about the impact digital technologies has on the fundamental conditions for teaching and learning of different school subjects (cf. Chun, Kern & Smith 2016; Leung & Baccaglini-Frank, 2017). On a macro-level, conditions for education as such changes and digital technologies becomes an important object of study as agents of change (Wong & Li, 2008). The digitalization of K-12 schools has long been highlighted in policy as a necessity (cf. Kirkman et al, 2002; OECD, 2010). However, research and evaluations (cf. Fransson et al, 2012; OECD, 2015; Wastiau et al, 2013) show that many substantial challenges remain. One of the fundamental pillars of GRADE is the interdisciplinary approach. Several disciplines are present (Applied IT, Curriculum studies, Education, Informatics, Technology and Learning, Educational work, Work-interated Learning) in researching digital technologies in K-12 schools with the ambition to contribute to the continued implementation, integration and use of digital technologies in Swedish K-12 schools that stems from the evidence-based knowledge produced within the activities of GRADE. The research within GRADE will be characterized by close cooperation with stakeholders from school practice, with the aim to contribute to concrete school development. In GRADE, a multi-level approach that involves multiple layers or levels of school activities will be encouraged. When possible, studies will be longitudinal. This will imply studies from an organizational and management perspective, e.g. studies of school leaders and other members of senior management positions responsible for digital technology use and implementation. Also implied are studies of teachers' teaching practices and didactical considerations, as well as studies of the students in classrooms and their learning using digital technologies. This will also imply that several issues with a bearing on the digitalization of education, for example regarding school policy, teaching, learning, assessment and professional development will be researched from different perspectives and with different methodological approaches. In this paper, these points of departure will be explored based on the expectations and experiences of the first twelve admitted doctoral students and their supervisors.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ahlström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Dangerous use of mobile phones and other communication devices while driving : A toolbox of counter-measures
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference Road Safety on Four Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The use of mobile phone and similar devices while driving has been a topic of discussion and research for several years. It is now an established fact that driving performance is deteriorated due to distraction but no clear conclusions can yet be drawn concerning influence on crash rates. Better studies on this relationship is needed. Most countries in Europe and many countries elsewhere have introduced different types of bans for handheld devices. Sweden has, however, no such bans. VTI was commissioned by the Swedish Government to outline possible means to reduce the dangerous usage of mobile phones and other communication devices while driving as alternatives to banning. This task was a result of a previous VTI-state-of-the-art review of research on mobile phone and other communication device usage while driving. One of the findings in the review was that bans on handheld phones did not appear to reduce the number of crashes.Eighteen different countermeasures in three main areas were suggested. (1) Technical solutions such as countermeasures directed towards the infrastructure, the vehicle and the communication device. (2) Education and information, describing different ways to increase knowledge and understanding among stakeholders and different driver categories. (3) Different possibilities for how society, industry and organisations can influence the behaviour of individuals, via policies, rules, recommendations and incentives. Our conclusion is that a combination of different countermeasures is needed – where education and information to the drivers are combined with support and incentives for a safe usage of different communication devices.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Alvstam, Claes G., 1949, et al.
(författare)
-
The Challenges to EU Trade Policy in a Changing World Order
- 2019
-
Ingår i: The European Union in a Changing World Order. Edited by Bakardjieva Engelbrekt, Antonina et al. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030180003 ; , s. 81-114
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter discusses the EU’s common external trade policy in light of economic and political changes in the world. The authors establish that EU external trade policy is currently facing some of its greatest challenges ever. This is not only a consequence of Brexit, considering the equally great demands for continuous adjustment to worldwide structural changes in international trade. The question that Alvstam and Lindberg address in this chapter is how EU trade policy vis-à-vis the rest of the world should be modified and renewed in pace with external changes. In particular, they analyse the changing world order in the form of a new US trade policy, the British withdrawal from the EU, and China’s increasingly prominent place in the international arena. In light of this, the authors consider various possible alternatives for the EU’s external trade policy. The role that the relationship with the post-Brexit UK will play in formulating an effective trade policy for the EU is a central question here.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Tanja, PhD student, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
An educational intervention to improve communication skills in home care – a feasibility study
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An educational intervention to improve communication skills in home care – a feasibility studyBackgroundAn educational intervention focused on person-centred communication with older persons in home care was developed. Twenty-three nursing assistants (NAs) from two home care units were offered the intervention. This feasibility study was conducted to capture benefits and pit falls with study processes before large scale interventions, such as acceptability and appropriateness of evaluation methods.AimTo explore the feasibility of proposed methods for evaluating a novel educational intervention on person-centered communication for NAs in home care.MethodFeasibility study with pre- and post-assessments, including evaluation of data collection procedures, completion rates, and missing data for two questionnaires: Self-efficacy Questionnaire measuring communication skills and Measure of Job Satisfaction. Descriptive and statistical analysis was conducted. ResultsThe results showed a completion rate of 83% and 61% in pre- and post-assessment respectively, and a low proportion of missing data. The questionnaires were feasible and acceptable for NAs to complete and understand. Stress due to staff shortages and high workload negatively affected NAs’ participation in data collection. Overall, NAs rated their communication skills as high with a tendency towards higher communication self-efficacy after the intervention, however, this difference was not statistically significant. Job satisfaction remained unchanged pre- and post-intervention.ConclusionLow follow-up rates suggest that the data collection procedures need refinement. Although the outcomes are preliminary at this point, they indicate a ceiling effect in NAs’ self-efficacy ratings. The ceiling effect limits possibilities for improvement and suggests that studies with a larger sample is needed.Implications for caring in a changing worldIn a changing world, where a rapid aging population challenges home care services, there is a need for innovative interventions that support and strengthen health care professionals’ communication skills, aiming at improving older persons’ well-being This study contributes with knowledge to the complexity of developing and evaluating complex interventions on communication in home care.
|
|
| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Tanja, PhD student, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Communication in home care—A feasibility study of an educational intervention in self‐efficacy and job satisfaction
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 10:3, s. 1375-1382
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo explore the feasibility of evaluating a novel educational intervention on person-centered communication for nursing assistants (NAs) in home care.DesignA feasibility study with pre- and post-assessments.MethodsFeasibility was assessed pre- and post-intervention, including evaluation of data collection procedures, completion rates and missing data in two questionnaires: Self-efficacy Questionnaire measuring communication skills and Measure of Job Satisfaction, analysed descriptively and statistically.ResultsThe questionnaires were feasible and acceptable for the NAs to complete and understand. The pre- and post-assessments showed 83% and 61% completion rates, respectively, and a low proportion of missing data. Barriers for not participating in data collection were stress caused by staff shortages and high workload. Preliminary analysis of the questionnaires showed no significant difference pre- and post-intervention, even though an overall tendency of increased communication self-efficacy was observed. The NAs' self-efficacy ratings also revealed a ceiling effect.
|
|
| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Tanja, PhD student, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Walk a fine line between meaningfulness or discomfort : the complexity of emotional communication
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The home care of older persons includes inter-personal interactions and communication needed to care for and respond to diverse needs of older people. Previous research has focused on emotional expressions of older persons and responses by nursing staff. Research on the meaning of the interaction in these sequences is sparse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning attached to sequences of emotional communication and the interaction during these sequences between older persons and nursing assistants during home care visits.Methods: A descriptive observational design was used. The data consisted of 44 audio recordings of real-life conversations between older persons and nursing assistants during home care visits. A hermeneutic phenomenological analysis was conducted.Findings: Preliminary results indicate sequences of emotional communication being a window of opportunities. The interaction that followed were linked to dual and sometimes incongruent meanings. Expressions being actively blocked or ignored could cause an increase of unpleasant emotions or distract away from negative feelings. Simultaneously, such conversations could both ease or add to the complexity of the interaction and communication. Conversations elaborating on the older persons’ emotions seemed to instill trust and create meaningfulness, at the same time as these situations contained unpleasant moments with sad or angry feelings. The risk for discomfort in these sequences could threaten the trust in the relationship.Discussion: Conversations on older persons worries can be complex: the findings point to a fine line between meaningfulness and distress in these sequences. Unpleasant emotions call for attention and caution, these may need to be noticed at the same time as they cannot be forced out.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hylving, Lena, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ratio and Intellectus : Towards a conceptual framework for understanding human and artificial intelligence
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Digitization for the next generation. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9781958200049
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses the pre-renaissance philosopher Nicolas Cusanus (1401-1464) and his concepts of ratio (calculating rationality) and intellectus (a relation to not-knowing) to assist in understanding the differences between human and artificial intelligence. The intention is to contribute to the ongoing discussions and debate pertaining to AI implementation and use, arguing that philosophy can be of ample use when it comes to understanding different types of intelligence in the digital world. The presented conceptual framework outlines the human and the artificial intelligence in terms of their characteristics in relation to Cusa's ratio and intellectus. This helps to apprehend the different forms of intelligence and, more specifically, their strengths and how they operate.
|
|
