| 1. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(author)
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Att analysera interaktion
- 2023
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Snart sagt alla situationer en människa befinner sig i präglas av interaktion. Människor pratar med varandra, rör sig genom ett rum, utbyter blickar, lär sig saker, arbetar, skämtar, håller i föremål ... Utmärkande för oss människor är nämligen att vi får saker och ting gjorda med vårt språk och våra kroppsliga resurser. Genom sådana handlingar påverkar vi vår omvärld och våra medmänniskor - och vi gör det tillsammans med dem. Det är studiet av denna mänskliga interaktion som boken handlar om. I första delen introduceras forskningsfältet interaktionsanalys och de arbetssätt, redskap och etiska ställningstaganden som hör till fältet. Den andra delen innehåller forskningsstudier som visar på bredden inom fältet och som pedagogiskt leder läsaren genom hela analysarbetet. Till boken hör även ett videomaterial som illustrerar några av bokens exempel, och som är tillgängligt för läsarens egna studier. Att analysera interaktion är avsedd för utbildningar inom språk vetenskap och angränsande ämnen som sociologi, utbildningsvetenskap och kommunikation.
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| 2. |
- Lindström, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Imperatives in Swedish medical consultations
- 2017
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In: Imperative Turns at Talk. - Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 9789027226402 - 9789027265524 ; , s. 299-324
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter investigates the use of imperative-formatted directives in Swedish medical consultations. The specific focus of the chapter is the division of labor between straight, non-modulated imperative turns and imperative turns which are modulated with a discourse particle or some other verbal mitigating device. The results show that non-modulated imperative turns are embedded in diagnostic work, nominating subsequent actions in a series. Orientations to projected trajectories of action and the other participant’s expectations are clearly present when modulated imperative turns are produced; they are also frequent in the opening and closing routines of the consultations. Thus, there is a link between routinized and projectable actions and the use of imperatives with a pragmatic modulating element.
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| 3. |
- Wide, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Variation in address practices across languages and nations : A comparative study of doctors’ use of address forms in medical consultations in Sweden and Finland
- 2019
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In: Pragmatics. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1018-2101 .- 2406-4238. ; 29:4, s. 595-621
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article compares variation in the use of address practices across languages (Swedish, Finnish) and national varieties (Sweden Swedish, Finland Swedish). It undertakes quantitative and qualitative analyses of three sets of transcribed medical consultations. In Sweden Swedish, address pronouns which lower social distance overwhelmingly dominate. In Finnish, both address forms reducing social distance and practices maintaining greater distance are found, with age and level of acquaintance revealed as the most salient factors. Finland Swedish is located somewhere between Sweden Swedish and Finnish, displaying a stronger tendency than Finnish to use informal direct address forms to reduce social distance, but also showing similarities with Finnish in the use of direct formal address and indirect address. The differences can be related to larger socio-cultural patterns which, however, form a continuum rather than a fixed set keeping the two languages and countries completely apart.
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| 4. |
- Bakhtadze, Ekaterine, et al.
(author)
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Common variants in the TCF7L2 gene help to differentiate autoimmune from non-autoimmune diabetes in young (15-34 years) but not in middle-aged (40-59 years) diabetic patients
- 2008
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In: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 51:12, s. 2224-2232
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Type 1 diabetes in children is characterised by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and the presence of certain risk genotypes. In adults the same situation is often referred to as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). We tested whether genetic markers associated with type 1 or type 2 diabetes could help to discriminate between autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes in young (15-34 years) and middle-aged (40-59 years) diabetic patients. In 1,642 young and 1,619 middle-aged patients we determined: (1) HLA-DQB1 genotypes; (2) PTPN22 and INS variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms; (3) two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs7903146 and rs10885406) in the TCF7L2 gene; (4) glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and IA-2-protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) antibodies; and (5) fasting plasma C-peptide. Frequency of risk genotypes HLA-DQB1 (60% vs 25%, p =9.4x10(-34); 45% vs 18%, p= 1.4x10(-16)), PTPN22 CT/TT (34% vs 26%, p=0.0023; 31% vs 23%, p=0.034), INS VNTR class I/I (69% vs 53%, p=1.3x10(-8); 69% vs 51%, p=8.5x10(-5)) and INS VNTR class IIIA/IIIA (75% vs 63%, p=4.3x10(-6); 73% vs 60%, p=0.008) was increased in young and middle-aged GAD antibodies (GADA)-positive compared with GADA-negative patients. The type 2 diabetes-associated genotypes of TCF7L2 CT/TT of rs7903146 were significantly more common in young GADA-negative than in GADA-positive patients (53% vs 43%; p=0.0004). No such difference was seen in middle-aged patients, in whom the frequency of the CT/TT genotypes of TCF7L2 was similarly increased in GADA-negative and GADA-positive groups (55% vs 56%). Common variants in the TCF7L2 gene help to differentiate young but not middle-aged GADA-positive and GADA-negative diabetic patients, suggesting that young GADA-negative patients have type 2 diabetes and that middle-aged GADA-positive patients are different from their young GADA-positive counterparts and share genetic features with type 2 diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Bertils, Klara, 1989-
(author)
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Feber i interaktion : Kropp, kunskap och legitimitet i svenska primärvårdssamtal
- 2022
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis explores the social and interactional dimensions of fever and body temperature. Using the theoretical and methodological framework of Conversation Analysis, this thesis investigates how patients and healthcare professionals talk about fever, measure body temperature and negotiate the significance of temperature measurements in acute primary care encounters. The analysis pays close attention to verbal, embodied, and material interactional resources. Data are drawn from a larger corpus of video-recorded Swedish acute primary care consultation (Uppsala University Interaction Corpus (UUIC): Primary Care) and consist of 97 encounters between healthcare professionals and adult patients presenting with respiratory tract symptoms. The main focus is on patients’ interactions with registered nurses and healthcare assistants. The three analytical chapters deal with different aspects of body temperature during the consultation. First, talk about fever in patients’ problem presentations is investigated. The analysis suggests that patients and nurses treat fever as an urgent matter when establishing patients’ reasons for seeking care. Patients reference fever when they present their condition as worthy of medical attention and treatment, and fever may be posed as a component of a candidate diagnosis. Second, a multimodal analysis of temperature measurement shows how participants jointly accomplish a transition from the patient-as-subject to the patient-as-object for investigation. The analysis illustrates how patients and nurses rely on changes in body orientation and gaze when initiating, attending, and accomplishing such activity shifts as well as how visible manipulation of the thermometer constitutes a crucial resource in the rearrangement of activity-appropriate participation frameworks. Third, talk about expected and reported results of temperature measurement are investigated. Here, it is demonstrated that patients can both claim and be offered an epistemic position of independent expertise regarding body temperature. The corpus also includes cases where patients challenge the nurse's interpretation of a numerical measurement by suggesting an alternative way of understanding the measurement. Such cases expose how seemingly "objective" references for establishing normality can be invoked and contested.By describing and shedding light on the linguistic and social dimensions of a routine clinical task, this study contributes to the field of medical interaction as well as to broader topics in language and social interaction such as self-presentation, epistemic orientation and negotiation, and the multimodal organization of jointly achieved activities.
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| 6. |
- Castelo-Branco, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Infections in patients with multiple sclerosis : A national cohort study in Sweden
- 2020
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In: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 2211-0348 .- 2211-0356. ; 45
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have an increased risk of infections, but few population-based studies have reported infections occurring in MS in the years immediately after diagnosis.OBJECTIVE: To explore incident infections in MS, stratified by age and sex.METHODS: In a Swedish population-based cohort study 6602 incident MS patients (aged ≥18 years), matched at diagnosis with 61,828 matched MS-free individuals were identified between 1st January 2008 and 31st December 2016, using national registers. Incidence rates (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CI were calculated for each outcome.RESULTS: The IRRs were 2.54 (95% CI 2.28-2.83) for first serious infection and 1.61 (1.52-1.71) for first non-serious infection. Compared with MS-free individuals, MS patients had higher IRs for skin, respiratory/throat infections, pneumonia/influenza, bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, with the highest IRR observed for urinary tract/kidney infections (2.44; 2.24-2.66). The cumulative incidence for most of these infections was higher among MS patients than MS-free individuals, both 0 to <5 and 5 to <9 years after index date.CONCLUSION: The burden of infections around the time of MS diagnosis and subsequent infection risk, underscore the need for careful considerations regarding the risk-benefit across different disease-modifying therapies.
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| 7. |
- Castelo-Branco, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Non-infectious comorbidity in patients with multiple sclerosis : A national cohort study in Sweden
- 2020
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In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. - California, USA : Sage Publications. - 2055-2173. ; , s. 1-10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Comorbidity is of significant concern in multiple sclerosis (MS). Few population-based studies have reported conditions occurring in MS after diagnosis, especially in contemporary cohorts.Objective: To explore incident comorbidity, mortality and hospitalizations in MS, stratified by age and sex.Methods: In a Swedish population-based cohort study 6602 incident MS patients (aged ≥18 years) and 61,828 matched MS-free individuals were identified between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016, using national registers. Incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CI were calculated for each outcome.Results: IRs of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were higher among MS patients than MS-free individuals, (major adverse CVD: IRR 1.42; 95% CI 1.12-1.82; hemorrhagic/ischemic stroke: 1.46; 1.05-2.02; transient ischemic attack: 1.65; 1.09-2.50; heart failure: 1.55; 1.15-2.10); venous thromboembolism: 1.42; 1.14-1.77). MS patients also had higher risks of several non-CVDs such as autoimmune conditions (IRR 3.83; 3.01-4.87), bowel dysfunction (2.16; 1.86-2.50), depression (2.38; 2.11-2.68), and fractures (1.32; 1.19-1.47), as well as being hospitalized and to suffer from CVD-related deaths ((1.91; 1.00-3.65), particularly in females (3.57; 1.58-8.06)).Conclusion: MS-patients experience a notable comorbidity burden which emphasizes the need for integrated disease management in order to improve patient care and long-term outcomes of MS.
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| 8. |
- Cervin, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Genetic similarities between latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes
- 2008
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In: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 57:5, s. 1433-1437
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE-Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is often considered a slowly progressing subtype of type 1 diabetes, although the clinical picture more resembles type 2 diabetes. One way to improve classification is to study whether LADA shares genetic features with type 1 and/or type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-To accomplish this we studied whether LADA shares variation in the HLA locus or INS VNTR and PTPN22 genes with type I diabetes or the TCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes in 361 LADA, 718 type 1 diabetic, and 1,676 type 2 diabetic patients, as well as 1,704 healthy control subjects from Sweden and Finland. RESULTS-LADA subjects showed, compared with type 2 diabetic patients, increased frequency of risk for the HLA-DQB1 *0201/*0302 genotype (27 vs. 6.9%; P < 1 X 10(-6)), with similar frequency as with type I diabetes (36%). In addition, LADA subjects showed higher frequencies of protective HLA-DQB1 *0602(3)/X than type I diabetic patients (8.1 vs. 3.2%, P = 0.003). The AA genotype of rs689, referring to the class I allele in the INS VNTR, as well as the CT/TT genotypes of rs2476601 in the PTPN22 gene, were increased both in type 1 diabetic (P = 3 X 10(-14) and P = 1 X 10(-10), respectively) and LADA (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002) subjects compared with control subjects. Notably, the frequency of the type 2 diabetes-associated CT/TT genotypes of rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 were increased in LADA subjects (52.8%; P = 0.03), to the same extent as in type 2 diabetic subjects (54.1%, P = 3 X 10(-7)), compared with control subjects (44.8%) and type I diabetic subjects (43.39%). CONCLUSIONS-LADA shares genetic features with both type I (HLA, INS VNTR, and PTPN22) and type 2 (TCF7L2) diabetes, which justifies considering LADA as an admixture of the two major types of diabetes.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Grahn, Inga-Lill, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Accounting for changes in series of vocalisations – Professional vision in a gym-training session
- 2023
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In: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 212, s. 72-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a study of vocalisations, i.e., non-lexical sounds, in video-filmed sessions of gym training where one personal trainer (PT) and three clients are working out together. The object of study are series of vocalisations performed in connection with series of physical exercises, and the participants' orientation to change in such series is explained using the notion of professional vision (Goodwin 1994, 2013, 2018). We use sequential analysis of the multi-modal interaction, focusing on the PT's interactional work to make changes in series of vocalisations accountable. Our results show how vocalisations are recycled by the PT, transformed in new interactional contexts and thereby rebuilt into new social actions such as correcting, criticising or instructing. The under-specified nature of vocalisations (Keevallik and Ogden 2020) gives the PT an opportunity to reuse them as objects of knowledge for the members of the group, sharing his professional vision in co-operative actions (Goodwin 2013). The study potentially contributes not only to research into vocalisations as one of humans' communicative resources for inter-subjective understanding, but also to the analysis of professional practices used for providing physical health-care.
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