| 1. |
- Giaretta, Alberto, 1988-
(författare)
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Securing the Internet of Things with Security-by-Contract
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Smart homes, industry, healthcare, robotics; virtually every market has seen the uprising of Internet of Things (IoT) devices with different degrees and nuances. IoT devices embody different desirable characteristics, such as mobility, ubiquity, variety, and affordability. All combined, these features made so that IoT devices reached 35 billion units in the world. However, the sudden uprising of market demand put enormous pressure on manufacturers. The necessity of delivering to customers as many devices as possible, in the shortest time possible, leads manufacturers to overlook features that are not perceived critical by the users, such as resiliency to cyberattacks. This led to severe security issues. The prime example is Mirai, a malware that infected hundreds of thousands of IoT devices in 2016 and used them to strike lethal Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks.In the first part of this thesis, we present the state of the art regarding IoT devices security resilience. In particular, we provide relevant examples of breaches, an analysis of the relationship between IoT and Cloud from a security point of view, and an example of an IoT device penetration test. Then, we focus on the usage of IoT devices in DDoS-enabled botnets and we provide an extensive study of DDoS-enabling malwares, discussing their evolution and their capabilities.In the second part, we contextualise the gathered knowledge and we show that the highlighted problems stem from two main causes: insecure configurations and insufficient secure configurability.We also show that, to address these two issues, it is necessary to equip IoT devices with precise and formal descriptions of their behaviour. Therefore, we propose SC4IoT, a security framework for IoT devices that combines Security-by-Contract (SC) paradigm and Fog Computing paradigm. First, we provide a thorough breakdown of our proposal. We start from high-level lifecycles that describe how devices participate to SC4IoT. Then, we discuss the pillars that compose the framework (e.g., security contracts and security policies), together with their formal descriptions. Last, we provide precise algorithms for achieving security-policy matching capabilities, as well as routines for allowing the framework to deal with dynamic changes while maintaining consistency.
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| 2. |
- Morillo-Mendez, Lucas, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Age-Related Differences in the Perception of Eye-Gaze from a Social Robot
- 2021
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Ingår i: Social Robotics. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030905255 - 9783030905248 ; , s. 350-361
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensibility to deictic gaze declines naturally with age and often results in reduced social perception. Thus, the increasing efforts in developing social robots that assist older adults during daily life tasks need to consider the effects of aging. In this context, as non-verbal cues such as deictic gaze are important in natural communication in human-robot interaction, this paper investigates the performance of older adults, as compared to younger adults, during a controlled, online (visual search) task inspired by daily life activities, while assisted by a social robot. This paper also examines age-related differences in social perception. Our results showed a significant facilitation effect of head movement representing deictic gaze from a Pepper robot on task performance. This facilitation effect was not significantly different between the age groups. However, social perception of the robot was less influenced by its deictic gaze behavior in older adults, as compared to younger adults. This line of research may ultimately help informing the design of adaptive non-verbal cues from social robots for a wide range of end users.
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| 3. |
- Morillo-Mendez, Lucas, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Age-Related Differences in the Perception of Robotic Referential Gaze in Human-Robot Interaction
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Robotics. - : Springer. - 1875-4791 .- 1875-4805. ; , s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an increased interest in using social robots to assist older adults during their daily life activities. As social robots are designed to interact with older users, it becomes relevant to study these interactions under the lens of social cognition. Gaze following, the social ability to infer where other people are looking at, deteriorates with older age. Therefore, the referential gaze from robots might not be an effective social cue to indicate spatial locations to older users. In this study, we explored the performance of older adults, middle-aged adults, and younger controls in a task assisted by the referential gaze of a Pepper robot. We examined age-related differences in task performance, and in self-reported social perception of the robot. Our main findings show that referential gaze from a robot benefited task performance, although the magnitude of this facilitation was lower for older participants. Moreover, perceived anthropomorphism of the robot varied less as a result of its referential gaze in older adults. This research supports that social robots, even if limited in their gazing capabilities, can be effectively perceived as social entities. Additionally, this research suggests that robotic social cues, usually validated with young participants, might be less optimal signs for older adults.Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12369-022-00926-6.
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| 4. |
- Trincavelli, Marco, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of odours for mobile robots using an ensemble of linear classifiers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Olfaction and electronic nose. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 9780735406742 ; , s. 475-478
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the classification of odours using an electronic nose mounted on a mobile robot. The samples are collected as the robot explores the environment. Under such conditions, the sensor response differs from typical three phase sampling processes. In this paper, we focus particularly on the classification problem and how it is influenced by the movement of the robot. To cope with these influences, an algorithm consisting of an ensemble of classifiers is resented. Experimental results show that this algorithm increases classification performance compared to other traditional classification methods.
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| 5. |
- Ackum, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Vi tar fram en handfast plan för en omstart av Sverige
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :27 april
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det är /.../ fullt möjligt att tänka strategiskt och systematiskt även i brinnande kris. Omstartskommissionen hoppas kunna bidra till fokus, analys och konkreta policyförslag för att stödja Sveriges långsiktiga inriktning. Vi kommer att under våren och sommaren anordna seminarier och hearings om vårt arbete, delrapporter ska läggas fram – och när budgetarbetet börjar och Riksdagen öppnar, vill vi kunna bidra med en rejäl och handfast plan för hur vi omstartar Sverige.
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| 6. |
- Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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A case-based patient identification system using pulseoximeter and a personalized health profile
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ICCBR 2012 Workshops. - Lyon, France. ; , s. 117-128
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a case-based system framework in order to identify patient using their health parameters taken with physiological sensors. It combines a personalized health profiling protocol with a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) approach. The personalized health profiling helps to determine a number of individual parameters which are important inputs for a clinician to make the final diagnosis and treatment plan. The proposed system uses a pulse oximeter that measures pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation. The measurements are taken through an android application in a smart phone which is connected with the pulseoximeter and bluetooth communication. The CBR approach helps clinicians to make a diagnosis, classification and treatment plan by retrieving the most similar previous case. The case may also be used to follow the treatment progress. Here, the cases are formulated with person’s contextual information and extracted features from sensor signal measurements. The features are extracted considering three domain analysis:1) time domain features using statistical measurement, 2) frequency domain features applying Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and 3) time-frequency domain features applying Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The initial result is acceptable that shows the advancement of the system while combining the personalized health profiling together with CBR.
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| 7. |
- Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Intelligent Healthcare Services to Support Health Monitoring of Elderly
- 2015
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Ingår i: INTERNET OF THINGS. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319196565 - 9783319196558 ; , s. 178-186
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposed an approach of intelligent healthcare services to support health monitoring of old people through the project named SAAPHO. Here, definition and architecture of the proposed healthcare services are presented considering six different health parameters such as: 1) physical activity, 2) blood pressure, 3) glucose, 4) medication compliance, 5) pulse monitoring and 6) weight monitoring. The outcome of the proposed services is evaluated in a case study where total 201 subjects from Spain and Slovenia are involved for user requirements analysis considering 1) end users, 2) clinicians, and 3) field study analysis perspectives. The result shows the potentiality and competence of the proposed healthcare services for the users.
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| 8. |
- Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity Classification for Elderly based on Pulse Rate
- 2013
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Ingår i: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, vol. 189. - : IOS Press. - 9781614992677 ; , s. 152-157
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity is one of the key components for elderly in order to be actively ageing. However, it is difficult to differentiate and identify the body movement and actual physical activity using only accelerometer measurement. Therefore, this paper presents an application of case-based retrieval classification scheme to classify the physical activity of elderly based on pulse rate measurements. Here, case-based retrieval approach used the features extracted from both time and frequency domain. The evaluation result shows the best accuracy performance while considering the combination of time and frequency domain features. According to the evaluation result while considering the control measurements, the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy are achieved as 95%, 96% and 96% respectively. Considering the test dataset, the system was succeeded to identify 13 physical activities out of 16 i.e. the percentage of the correctness was 81%.
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| 9. |
- Akalin, Neziha, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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A Taxonomy of Factors Influencing Perceived Safety in Human–Robot Interaction
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Robotics. - : Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. - 1875-4791 .- 1875-4805.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety is a fundamental prerequisite that must be addressed before any interaction of robots with humans. Safety has been generally understood and studied as the physical safety of robots in human–robot interaction, whereas how humans perceive these robots has received less attention. Physical safety is a necessary condition for safe human–robot interaction. However, it is not a sufficient condition. A robot that is safe by hardware and software design can still be perceived as unsafe. This article focuses on perceived safety in human–robot interaction. We identified six factors that are closely related to perceived safety based on the literature and the insights obtained from our user studies. The identified factors are the context of robot use, comfort, experience and familiarity with robots, trust, the sense of control over the interaction, and transparent and predictable robot actions. We then made a literature review to identify the robot-related factors that influence perceived safety. Based the literature, we propose a taxonomy which includes human-related and robot-related factors. These factors can help researchers to quantify perceived safety of humans during their interactions with robots. The quantification of perceived safety can yield computational models that would allow mitigating psychological harm.
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| 10. |
- Akalin, Neziha, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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An Evaluation Tool of the Effect of Robots in Eldercare on the Sense of Safety and Security
- 2017
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Ingår i: Social Robotics. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319700229 - 9783319700212 ; , s. 628-637
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study presented in this paper is to develop a quantitative evaluation tool of the sense of safety and security for robots in eldercare. By investigating the literature on measurement of safety and security in human-robot interaction, we propose new evaluation tools. These tools are semantic differential scale questionnaires. In experimental validation, we used the Pepper robot, programmed in the way to exhibit social behaviors, and constructed four experimental conditions varying the degree of the robot’s non-verbal behaviors from no gestures at all to full head and hand movements. The experimental results suggest that both questionnaires (for the sense of safety and the sense of security) have good internal consistency.
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