| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Maisonneuve, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Cigarette smoking accelerates progression of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 54:4, s. 510-514
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Smoking is a recognised risk factor for pancreatic cancer and has been associated with chronic pancreatitis and also with type II diabetes. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tobacco on the age of diagnosis of pancreatitis and progression of disease, as measured by the appearance of calcification and diabetes. Patients: We used data from a retrospective cohort of 934 patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis where information on smoking was available, who were diagnosed and followed in clinical centres in five countries. Methods: We compared age at diagnosis of pancreatitis in smokers versus non-smokers, and used the Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate the effects of tobacco on the development of calcification and diabetes, after adjustment for age, sex, centre, and alcohol consumption. Results: The diagnosis of pancreatitis was made, on average, 4.7 years earlier in smokers than in nonsmokers (p=0.001). Tobacco smoking increased significantly the risk of pancreatic calcifications ( hazard ratio (HR) 4.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3-10.5) for smokers v non-smokers) and to a lesser extent the risk of diabetes (HR 2.3 (95% CI 1.2-4.2)) during the course of pancreatitis. Conclusions: In this study, tobacco smoking was associated with earlier diagnosis of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis and with the appearance of calcifications and diabetes, independent of alcohol consumption.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Haugvik, SP, et al.
(författare)
-
Diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and family history of cancer as risk factors for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Neuroendocrinology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0194 .- 0028-3835. ; 101:2, s. 133-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Risk factors for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are not well understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess if diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol use, and family history of cancer are risk factors for PNETs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> MEDLINE and abstracts from the European and North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Societies (ENETS and NANETS) were searched for studies published until October 2013. Eligible studies were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Five studies evaluating 4 individual populations were included (study accrual period 2000-2011) into the meta-analysis, involving 827 cases (range 160-309 per study) and 2,407 controls (range 233-924 per study). All studies had a case-control design and described regional series. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 2.74 (95% CI: 1.63-4.62; p < 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 60.4%) for history of diabetes, 1.21 (95% CI: 0.92-1.58; p = 0.18; I<sup>2</sup> = 45.8%) for ever smoking, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.99-1.91; p = 0.06; I<sup>2</sup> = 0.0%) for heavy smoking, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64-1.85; p = 0.75; I<sup>2</sup> = 85.2%) for ever alcohol use, 2.72 (95% CI: 1.25-5.91; p = 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 57.8%) for heavy alcohol use, and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.64-2.85; p < 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 0.0%) for first-degree family history of cancer. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Diabetes mellitus and first-degree family history of cancer are associated with an increased risk of sporadic PNET. There was also a trend for diagnosis of sporadic PNET associated with heavy smoking. Alcohol use may be a risk factor for PNET, but there was considerable heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. These results suggest the need for a larger, homogeneous, international study for the clarification of risk factors for the occurrence of PNET.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
