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- Auvray, Xavier, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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The addition of alkali and alkaline earth metals to Pd/Al2O3 to promote methane combustion. Effect of Pd and Ca loading
- 2018
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5861. ; 299, s. 212-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methane catalytic combustion was studied on Pd/Al2O3 catalysts modified with alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Na, Ca and Ba). Temperature-programmed reactions were performed in flow reactor on washcoated monolithic samples. CO chemisorption was carried out and BET surface area was measured in order to characterize the catalysts. Addition of alkaline metals was either beneficial or detrimental for methane oxidation, depending on the catalyst composition and pretreatment. High loading of alkaline modifiers and cooling in reaction mixture increased the light-off temperature of methane oxidation. However, promotion was achieved by doping with calcium after cooling in inert atmosphere. Furthermore, calcium doping was more beneficial in presence of NO, which inhibits the methane oxidation. Higher Pd loading enhanced CH4 oxidation, whereas the effect of calcium depends on Ca and Pd loading. Indeed, the promotion by calcium was more pronounced on catalysts with 5% Pd than with 2.5% Pd. On 2.5% Pd catalyst, high Ca loading was detrimental for CH4 oxidation. In contrary, on 5% Pd catalyst, even 1.51 wt% calcium (the highest loading used) induced promotion, which demonstrates a correlation between Ca: Pd ratio and promotion/inhibition effect. Samples with a mass ratio of 0.15 showed the best activity.
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- DAWODY, JAZAER, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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E4-Mistra, a research program for the development of an energy efficient low emission exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Renewable Energy Forum, WREF 2012, Including World Renewable Energy Congress XII and Colorado Renewable Energy Society (CRES) Annual Conference. - : American Solar Energy Society. - 9781622760923 ; , s. 4530-4536
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unique system approach applied in a joint academic - industrial research program, E4 Mistra, to reach the goals of energy efficiency and low emissions exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles. The high energy efficiency is achieved by heat recuperation, on-board hydrogen production for use in both an auxiliary power unit and for NOx reduction and by finding new solutions for making the after-treatment system active at low exhaust temperatures. To reach low particulate emissions a mechanical filter using a sintered metal filter is developed. Low NOx emissions are achieved by an efficient NOx reduction catalyst. The system is based on four technological advances: Thermoelectric material s for heat recuperation, catalytic reduction of NOx over innovative catalyst substrates using hydrocarbons from the fuel and H2 from a high efficiency fuel reformer, and particulate filtration over a porous metal filter.
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- Miller-Podraza, Halina, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori and neutrophils: sialic acid-dependent binding to various isolated glycoconjugates.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Infection and immunity. - 0019-9567. ; 67:12, s. 6309-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori has been shown to agglutinate erythrocytes in a sialic acid-dependent manner. However, very few studies have examined relevant target cells in the human stomach. Neutrophils are required for the onset of gastritis, and the inflammatory reaction may be induced on contact between bacteria and neutrophils. In the present work, glycolipids and glycoproteins were isolated from neutrophils and were studied for binding by overlay with radiolabeled bacteria on thin-layer chromatograms and on membrane blots. There was a complex pattern of binding bands. The only practical binding activity found was sialic acid dependent, since treatment of glycoconjugates with neuraminidase or mild periodate eliminated binding. As shown before for binding to erythrocytes and other glycoconjugates, bacterial cells grown on agar bound to many glycoconjugates, while growth in broth resulted in bacteria that would bind only to polyglycosylceramides, which are highly heterogeneous and branched poly-N-acetyllactosamine-containing glycolipids. Approximately seven positive bands were found for glycoproteins, and the traditional ganglioside fraction showed a complex, slow-moving interval with very strong sialic-acid-dependent binding, probably explained by Fuc substitutions on GlcNAc.
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- Åmand, Lars-Erik, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Co-Combustion of Dried Sewage Sludge and Coal The Fate of Heavy Metals
- 2001
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Ingår i: In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion--FBC01, held in Reno, Nevada, USA, May 13-16, 2001.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fate of some selected heavy metals has been investigated during co-combustion of sewage sludge and coal in two fluidised bed combustors: the 12MWth circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler at CTH and the laboratory scale unit at IVD. The total and species balances were, in general, fairly well closed, and the increased amounts of heavy metals originating from the input sludge were also found in the exit flows. Volatile species such as Hg and Cd are sensitive to the temperature conditions. Thus, almost no mercury was found in the bottom ash, and a cyclone at 350 °C captured little Hg in comparison to a cyclone and filters at 150 °C. The high particle loading in a CFB appears to contribute essentially to the reduction of the flue gas mercury concentration; the emission is reduced by orders of magnitude compared to a plant with low particle concentration. In most cases investigated the emissions of heavy metals were below the limits related to co-combustion set by the European Union.
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