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| 2. |
- Bergman, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Physical performance and physical activity of patients under compulsory forensic psychiatric inpatient care.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy theory and practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-5040 .- 0959-3985. ; 36:4, s. 507-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research stresses the importance of physical activity in general psychiatric care. There is very little research made in the area of forensic psychiatric care. The aim of this exploratory, cross-sectional study was to assess various physical, psychological, and health variables of patients under compulsory forensic psychiatric inpatient care, and to examine correlations among these variables. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), walking ability, running speed, and explosive leg strength were examined in 28 patients. Patients answered questionnaires about physical activity, aggression, stress, character maturity, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). The patients had a mean age of 33.6years, a mean VO2max of 25.3 (8.4) mL 02/min/kg and a mean physical activity level of 268.0 (272.4) min/week. Results from the 6-min walk test were 612.5 (102.8) m. Nine patients had physical activity levels below the international recommendations of 150min/week. Levels of aggression and stress were high and HRQL was low. The results indicate that patients in forensic psychiatric care are in a very poor physical state, which warrants physiotherapeutic interventions, adapted to the unique demands of forensic psychiatric care.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The use of physical exercise in forensic psychiatric care in Sweden: a nationwide survey.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of mental health (Abingdon, England). - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0567 .- 0963-8237. ; , s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercise protects against somatic comorbidities and positively affects cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms in patients with severe mental illness. In forensic psychiatry, exercise is a novel concept. Staff at inpatient care facilities may be important resources for successful intervention. Little is known about staff's knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding exercise in forensic psychiatric care.To translate, culturally adapt and test the feasibility of the Exercise in Mental Health Questionnaire-Health Professionals Version (EMIQ-HP) in the Swedish context, and to use this EMIQ-HP-Swedish version to describe staff's knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding exercise.The EMIQ-HP was translated, culturally adapted, pilot-tested and thereafter used in a cross-sectional nationwide survey.Ten of 25 clinics and 239 health professionals (50.1%) participated. Two parts of the EMIQ-HP-Swedish version showed problems. Most participants considered exercise to be a low-risk treatment (92.4%) that is beneficial (99.2%). Training in exercise prescription was reported by 16.3%. Half of participants (52.7%) prescribed exercise and 50.0% of those undertook formal assessments prior to prescribing.Creation of the EMIQ-HP-Swedish version was successful, despite some clarity problems. Exercise appears to be prescribed informally by non-experts in Swedish forensic psychiatric care and does not address treatment goals.
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| 4. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Autism spectrum disorders in institutionalized subjects.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 62:2, s. 160-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What do we know about the prevalence and the specific features of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) among subjects in forensic psychiatry and special youth centres? A clinical case series consisting of 42 subjects with ASD, recruited from three well-characterized populations in forensic psychiatry and special youth care, was used to determine: 1) the prevalence of ASD in these institutions (at least 13%), 2) the distribution of diagnostic criteria in this special population (mostly social interaction and communication problems, few or atypical flexibility problems), 3) the degree of comorbidity (the rule rather than the exception), 4) neuropsychological test profiles (lowered IQ with uneven profiles), 5) types of crimes and offences (very heterogeneous, often stress-related with dissociated features), 6) mental health care needs (high), and 7) special clinical features (especially expressions of flexibility deficits in non-classical areas and proneness to dissociation). This descriptive study indicates that ASD is a clinically relevant problem among forensic populations that has to be considered in diagnostics, assessments of needs and treatment planning.
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| 5. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health and international crimes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Criminological approaches to international criminal law / Ilias Bantekas, Emmanouela Mylonaki. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9781107060036 ; , s. 263-286
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalences and configurations of mental disorders among institutionalized adolescents.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 10:1, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence figures for psychiatric disorders among institutionalized adolescents due to behavioural problems and/or delinquency. METHOD: Participants were recruited from consecutive referrals to/or treated at two Swedish adolescent units, SIS1 (n = 60) and SIS2 (n = 70) with ranging age of 12-20.3 years (mean age = 16.2; SD = 1.8) during 1 year. Clinical and diagnostic information was used to generate DSM-IV diagnoses. RESULTS: One or several neuropsychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 53% of all subjects: 39% met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), 15% for a pervasive developmental disorder (referred to as autism spectrum disorders, ASDs) and 8% had a mental retardation (referred to as a learning disability, LD). The collapsed prevalence for psychiatric disorders requiring specialist attention was 66%, counting severe depression and psychotic disorders but not substance use. About one in three of all adolescents in the study were given psychopharmacological treatment. CONCLUSION: Published studies and this clinical survey clearly indicate that systematic studies of mental health needs among institutionalized adolescents are warranted to form the basis of adequate treatment and support measures.
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| 7. |
- Andreasson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of length of stay in forensic psychiatry: The influence of perceived risk of violence
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-2527. ; 37:6, s. 635-642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes the prevalence of adverse events and length of stay in forensic psychiatric patients with and without a restriction order. Detailed clinical and administrative information from medical records and written court decisions was gathered retrospectively from admission until discharge for a Swedish population-based, consecutive cohort of forensic psychiatric patients (n = 125). The median length of stay for the whole cohort was 951 days, but patients with a restriction order stayed in hospital almost five times as long as patients without. Restriction orders were related to convictions for violent crime, but not for any other differences in demographic or clinical variables. The majority of the patients (60%) were involved in adverse events (violence, threats, substance abuse, or absconding) at some time during their treatment. Patients with restriction orders were overrepresented in violent and threat events. Previous contact with child and adolescence psychiatric services, current violent index crime, psychotic disorders, a history of substance, and absconding during treatment predicted longer length of stay. Being a parent, high current Global Assessment of Functioning scores, and mood disorders were all significantly related to earlier discharge. In a stepwise Cox regression analysis current violent index crime and absconding remained risk factors for a longer hospital stay, while a diagnosis of mood disorder was significantly related to a shorter length of stay.
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| 9. |
- Aydogdu, Özgu, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment with the soluble guanylate cyclase activator BAY 60-2770 restores in vitro bladder contractile responses in a rat model of chronic prostatitis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Continence. - : Elsevier BV. - 2772-9737. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Examine how innate bladder contractility and corresponding receptor expression was affected by chronic prostatitis (CP) and how treatment with the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator BAY 60-2770 influenced this. Methods: To create a functional model for CP, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraprostatically injected with either zymosan or saline, serving as control. After a recovery period, the rats were treated with either BAY 60-2770 or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; vehicle) on days 8–20. Urine samples were collected for measurement of ATP. On day 21, the bladder was excised and contractile responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS), methacholine, ATP and nitric oxide (NO) were examined in an in vitro organ bath. Subsequently, the expression of purinergic (P2X1 & P2X3) and muscarinic (M3) receptors as well as sGC was examined immunohistochemically. Results: Induction of CP led to significantly attenuated purinergic bladder contractions, which were normalized by treatment with BAY 60-2770. Induction of CP did not alter the contractile bladder responses to EFS, methacholine or NO. However, treatment with BAY 60-2770 led to significantly increased contractile bladder responses to EFS and MeCh and significantly enhanced relaxatory nitrergic responses. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding purinergic or cholinergic receptor expression, however treatment with BAY 60-2770 led to attenuated expression of sGC in the urothelium. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings indicate that drugs targeting the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) pathway may be a promising option to restore alterations in bladder contractility that arise due to CP.
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| 10. |
- Baudin, Christian, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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A 24‐Year Follow‐up Study on Recidivism in Male Mentally Disordered Sexual Offenders With and Without Psychotic Disorders
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0022-1198 .- 1556-4029. ; 65:5, s. 1610-1618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a lack of knowledge on mentally disordered sex offenders (MDSOs) targeting adult victims, especially regarding recidivism patterns and the specific subgroup with psychiatric disorders. This paper presents index offense data, clinical data, and recidivism patterns over up to 24 years in a cohort of 146 MDSOs, with and without psychotic disorders, sentenced in Sweden between 1993 and 1997. At the time of the offense, all offenders were affected by clinical, developmental, and criminal history factors. MDSOs with psychotic disorders only marginally differed from those without, the former being less likely to have been institutionalized during childhood, intoxicated during the index offense, or diagnosed with a personality disorder, substance use disorder, or paraphilic disorder. In the cohort, 3.4% of the MDSOs were reconvicted for a new sex offense over 2 years, 9.6% over 5 years, 13.0% over 10 years, and 17.1% over the entire follow-up period of 24 years. In MDSOs with psychotic disorders, no subjects were reconvicted during the first 2 years, while 2.6% were reconvicted over 5 years, 5.3% over 10 years, and 7.9% over 24 years. Recidivism rates for violent and general reoffenses were 39.0% and 37.7%, respectively, for the cohort of MDSOs, and subjects with psychotic disorders reoffended significantly later in general offenses. In conclusion, MDSOs with psychotic disorders showed the same recidivism pattern as MDSOs without psychotic disorders. Furthermore, recidivism research may preferably focus on follow-up periods of 5–10 years since most offenders appear to recidivate within this timeframe.
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