| 1. |
- Carlsson, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
-
Self-reported versus professionally assessed functional limitations in community-dwelling very old individuals.
- 2012
-
In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 1473-5660. ; 35:4, s. 299-304
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations in community-dwelling very old individuals. In total, 306 single-living adults aged 81-90 years were included in this cross-sectional study. The main outcome measure was the presence and absence of self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations. A significant correlation was found between the total number of self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations in the total sample (intraclass correlation=0.65) as well as in subgroups with respect to sex, age, and depression. When item-wise differences in the two assessments were assessed, the results showed significant differences for nine of the 15 functional limitations. In general, the participants reported more functional limitations as present than the professional did. In conclusion, research on self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations contributes toward the understanding of how different modes of data collection influence the results. In this study, functional limitations were examined on a broad basis, including physical as well as cognitive and perceptual limitations. Once the assessments of self-reporting have been refined, we will have a more nuanced picture of functional limitations, incorporating self-report as well as professional assessments.Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung der Beziehung zwischen selbst und professionell beurteilten Funktionseinschränkungen bei in der Gemeinschaft lebenden Menschen hohen Alters. Insgesamt wurden 306 allein lebende Erwachsene im Alter von 81-90 Jahren in diese Querschnittsstudie eingeschlossen. Die wichtigste verwendete ergebnisorientierte Messgröße war das Vorhandensein oder Fehlen von selbst und professionell beurteilten Funktionseinschränkungen. Es bestand eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Gesamtanzahl der selbst und professionell beurteilten Funktionseinschränkungen in der Stichprobe insgesamt (Intraclass-Korrelation=0.65) sowie in den Subgruppen mit Bezug auf Geschlecht, Alter und Depression. Bei der Beurteilung der Unterschiede unter Berücksichtigung der einzelnen Items wiesen die Ergebnisse signifikante Unterschiede bei neun der 15 Funktionseinschränkungen auf. Im Allgemeinen berichteten die Teilnehmer von mehr vorhandenen Funktionseinschränkungen als die Experten. Abschließend kann gesagt werden, dass die Forschung im Bereich der selbst und professionell beurteilten Funktionseinschränkungen zu einem besseren Verständnis dessen beiträgt, wie verschiedene Methoden der Datenerfassung die Ergebnisse beeinflussen. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden Funktionseinschränkungen, darunter physischer, kognitiver und perzeptiver Art, breit angelegt beurteilt. Sobald die Beurteilungsmethoden der Selbstanzeige weiterentwickelt sind, besitzen wir ein nuancierteres Bild der Funktionseinschränkungen mit eigener und professioneller Auswertung.El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la relación entre las limitaciones funcionales indicadas por los propios sujetos y las evaluadas por profesionales en individuos de edad avanzada pertenecientes a una comunidad. En total, 306 adultos que vivían solos y de edad comprendida entre los 81 y los 90 años participaron en este estudio transversal. Los principales resultados obtenidos se basaron en la presencia y la ausencia de limitaciones funcionales indicadas por los propios sujetos y evaluadas por profesionales. Se observó una correlación significativa entre el número total de limitaciones funcionales indicadas por los propios sujetos y las evaluadas por profesionales (correlación intraclase=0.65), así como en los subgrupos, en relación con el sexo, la edad y la depresión. Tras analizar las diferencias entre los dos tipos de evaluación con respecto a las distintas variables, los resultados difirieron significativamente en nueve de las quince limitaciones funcionales. En general, los participantes indicaron que padecían más limitaciones funcionales que los profesionales. Como conclusión, la investigación sobre las limitaciones funcionales indicadas por los propios sujetos y evaluadas por profesionales contribuye a comprender cómo las distintas formas de recopilación de datos influyen en los resultados. En este estudio, las limitaciones funcionales se examinaron de manera general, incluyendo las limitaciones físicas, además de las cognitivas y las perceptivas. Una vez que se perfeccionen las evaluaciones realizadas por los propios sujetos, se poseerá una visión más clara de las limitaciones funcionales, que podrán incorporar tanto autoevaluaciones como evaluaciones realizadas por profesionales.Cette étude avait pour objet d'examiner la relation entre les limitations fonctionnelles auto-déclarées et professionnellement évaluées chez les personnes très âgées vivant dans la collectivité. Au total, 306 adultes de 81-90 ans vivant seuls ont été inclus dans cette étude transversale. Le critère de mesure principal était la présence ou l'absence de limitations fonctionnelles auto-déclarées ou professionnellement évaluées. Une corrélation significative a été observée entre le nombre total de limitations fonctionnelles autodéclarées et professionnellement évaluées dans l'échantillon total (corrélation interclasses=0.65) ainsi que dans les sous-groupes définis par sexe, âge et dépression. Lorsque les différences sur l'ensemble d'un item entre les deux évaluations ont été évaluées, les résultats ont fait apparaître des différences significatives pour neuf des 15 limitations fonctionnelles. En général, les participants ont signalé la présence d'un plus grand nombre de limitations fonctionnelles que les professionnels. En conclusion, les recherches sur les limitations fonctionnelles autodéclarées et professionnellement évaluées contribuent à la compréhension de la manière dont les différents modes de collecte des données influent sur les résultats. Dans cette étude, les limitations fonctionnelles ont été examinées sur une base large, en incluant notamment les limitations physiques ainsi que cognitives et perceptives. Une fois les évaluations autodéclarées affinées, nous aurons une image plus nuancée des limitations fonctionnelles, qui intégrera l'auto-évaluation ainsi que les évaluations professionnelles.
|
|
| 2. |
- Carlsson, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
-
Towards a screening tool for housing accessibility problems: a reduced version of the Housing Enabler.
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-4523 .- 0733-4648. ; 28:1, s. 59-80
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To present a reduced version of the Housing Enabler, useful as a screening tool in practice contexts and in research, this study identifies the core items of the environmental component of the instrument, that is, the items most important in terms of the instrument's overall validity to measure accessibility problems. Utilizing cross-national data and interdisciplinary knowledge through an iterative process, a set of core items was identified. The environmental component of the reduced version comprises 61 items, compared to 188 in the original instrument. The rank correlation between the accessibility scores generated by the original and reduced versions was r ≥ .97 (p < .001). Based on comprehensive empirical research in three countries, the reduced version of the Housing Enabler is a time-efficient and valid screening instrument. It is a powerful tool for research and interventions focusing on housing accessibility problem identification.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(author)
-
The 39-item Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) revisited: implications for evidence-based medicine.
- 2007
-
In: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 1468-330X .- 0022-3050. ; 78:Apr 18, s. 1191-1198
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The 39 item Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) is the most widely used patient reported rating scale in Parkinson's disease. However, several fundamental measurement assumptions necessary for confident use and interpretation of the eight PDQ-39 scales have not been fully addressed. Methods: Postal survey PDQ-39 data from 202 people with Parkinson's disease (54% men; mean age 70 years) were analysed regarding psychometric properties using traditional and Rasch measurement methods. Results: Data quality was good ( mean missing item responses, 2%) and there was general support for the legitimacy of summing items within scales without weighting or standardisation. Score reliabilities were adequate (Cronbach's alpha 0.72-0.95; test-retest 0.76-0.93). The validity of the current grouping of items into scales was not supported by scaling success rates ( mean 56.2%), or factor and Rasch analyses. All scales represented more health problems than that experienced by the sample ( mean floor effect 15%) and showed compromised score precision towards the less severe end. Conclusions: Our results provide general support for the acceptability and reliability of the PDQ-39. However, they also demonstrate limitations that have implications for the use of the PDQ-39 in clinical research. The grouping of items into scales appears overly complex and the meaning of scale scores is unclear, which hampers their interpretation. Suboptimal targeting limits measurement precision and, therefore, probably also responsiveness. These observations have implications for the role of the PDQ-39 in clinical trials and evidence based medicine. PDQ-39 derived endpoints should be interpreted and selected cautiously, particularly regarding small but clinically important effects among people with less severe problems.
|
|
| 5. |
- Helle, Tina, et al.
(author)
-
The Nordic Housing Enabler: Inter-rater reliability in cross-Nordic occupational therapy practice
- 2014
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21, s. 71-79
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study addresses development of a content-valid cross-Nordic version of the Housing Enabler and investigation of its inter-rater reliability when used in occupational therapy rating situations, involving occupational therapists, clients, and their home environments. The instrument was translated from the original Swedish version of the Housing Enabler, and adapted according to accessibility norms and guidelines for housing design in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland. This iterative process involved occupational therapists, architects, building engineers, and professional translators, resulting in the Nordic Housing Enabler. For reliability testing, the sampling strategy and data collection procedures used were the same in all countries. Twenty voluntary occupational therapists, pair-wise but independently of each other, collected data from 106 cases by means of the Nordic Housing Enabler. Inter-rater reliability was calculated by means of percentage agreement and kappa statistics. Overall good percentage agreement for the personal and environmental components of the instrument was shown, indicating that the instrument was sufficiently reliable for application in practice and research in the Nordic context. The varying kappa results highlight the need for further study in order to understand the influence of prevalence more profoundly, which should be kept in mind when interpreting the results.
|
|
| 6. |
- Helle, Tina, et al.
(author)
-
The Nordic Housing Enabler: Inter-rater reliability in cross-Nordic occupational therapy practice
- 2010
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 17:4, s. 258-266
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study addresses development of a content-valid cross-Nordic version of the Housing Enabler and investigation of its inter-rater reliability when used in occupational therapy rating situations, involving occupational therapists, clients, and their home environments. The instrument was translated from the original Swedish version of the Housing Enabler, and adapted according to accessibility norms and guidelines for housing design in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland. This iterative process involved occupational therapists, architects, building engineers, and professional translators, resulting in the Nordic Housing Enabler. For reliability testing, the sampling strategy and data collection procedures used were the same in all countries. Twenty voluntary occupational therapists, pair-wise but independently of each other, collected data from 106 cases by means of the Nordic Housing Enabler. Inter-rater reliability was calculated by means of percentage agreement and kappa statistics. Overall good percentage agreement for the personal and environmental components of the instrument was shown, indicating that the instrument was sufficiently reliable for application in practice and research in the Nordic context. The varying kappa results highlight the need for further study in order to understand the influence of prevalence more profoundly, which should be kept in mind when interpreting the results.
|
|
| 7. |
- Iwarsson, Susanne, et al.
(author)
-
Challenges of cross-national housing research with older persons: lessons from the ENABLE-AGE project.
- 2004
-
In: European Journal of Ageing. - 1613-9380. ; 1:1, s. 79-88
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although it is generally acknowledged that housing is a major issue regarding health in old and very old age, most empirical research still tends to treat the role of the housing environment in a rather superficial manner. The cross-national project Enabling Autonomy, Participation, and Well-Being in Old Age: The Home Environment as a Determinant for Healthy Ageing (ENABLE-AGE) seeks to make a substantial contribution to this shortcoming. The main objective of the project is to examine subjective and objective aspects of housing and their impact on health in very old age, while health is understood mainly in terms of autonomy, participation and well-being. The project involves five European Union member countries, i.e. Sweden (coordinating unit), Germany, the United Kingdom, Latvia and Hungary. The total sample includes 1,918 older adults in the age range of 75–89 years and living in single households. We provide a systematic analysis of major challenges coming with cross-national rese
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Iwarsson, Susanne, et al.
(author)
-
Environmental Barriers and Housing Accessibility Problems Over a One-Year Period in Later Life in Three European Countries
- 2006
-
In: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - 0276-3893. ; 20:3, s. 23-43
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this study was to describe environmental barriers and investigate the nature of accessibility problems in housing among single-living, very old people (N = 1,150) in urban regions in three European countries (Sweden, Germany, Latvia), in a one-year perspective. A specific feature of this study is the explicit conceptual differentiation between environmental barriers and accessibility problems, underlying the presentation of the following results: Environmental barriers were very common, and in all three national samples the 20 most prevalent environmental barriers were found in 77-98% of all dwellings investigated. The magnitudes of accessibility problems were similar among the three samples and did not change over one year, while differences were indicated in the types of environmental barriers generating accessibility problems.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
