| 1. |
- Herbertsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
-
Mason type IV fractures of the elbow A 14-TO 46-Year Follow-up Study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: British Volume. - 2044-5377. ; 91B:11, s. 1499-1504
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 14 women and seven men with a mean age of 43 years (18 to 68) who sustained a Mason type IV fracture of the elbow, without an additional type II or III coronoid fracture, were evaluated after a mean of 21 years (14 to 46). Primary treatment included closed elbow reduction followed by immobilisation in a plaster in all cases, with an additional excision of the radial head in 11, partial resection in two and suturing of the annular ligament in two. Delayed radial head excision was performed in two patients and an ulnar nerve transposition in one. The uninjured elbows served as controls. Nine patients had no symptoms, 11 reported slight impairment, and one severe impairment of the elbow. Elbow flexion was impaired by a mean of 3 degrees (SD 4) and extension by a mean of 9 degrees (SD 4) (p < 0.01). None experienced chronic elbow instability or recurrent dislocation. There were more degenerative changes in the formerly injured elbows, but none had developed a reduction in joint space. We conclude that most patients with a Mason type IV fracture of the elbow report a good long-term outcome.
|
|
| 2. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Groin pain and soccer players: male versus female occurrence.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. - 0022-4707. ; 54:4, s. 487-493
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Groin pain is common in soccer players. Comparison of results from different studies, especially between genders, is difficult as studies use different definitions and data collection procedures. Therefore we conducted a study of both male and female soccer players enabling direct gender comparison.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Nordström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Bone loss and fracture risk after reduced physical activity.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 20:2, s. 202-207
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Former male young athletes partially lost benefits in BMD (g/cm2) with cessation of exercise, but, despite this, had a higher BMD 4 years after cessation of career than a control group. A higher BMD might contribute to the lower incidence of fragility fractures found in former older athletes > or =60 years of age compared with a control group. INTRODUCTION: Physical activity increases peak bone mass and may prevent osteoporosis if a residual high BMD is retained into old age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BMD was measured by DXA in 97 male young athletes 21.0 +/- 4.5 years of age (SD) and 48 controls 22.4 +/- 6.3 years of age, with measurements repeated 5 years later, when 55 of the athletes had retired from sports. In a second, older cohort, fracture incidence was recorded in 400 former older athletes and 800 controls > or =60 years of age. RESULTS: At baseline, the young athletes had higher BMD than controls in total body (mean difference, 0.08 g/cm2), spine (mean difference, 0.10 g/cm2), femoral neck (mean difference, 0.13 g/cm2), and arms (mean difference, 0.05 g/cm2; all p < 0.001). During the follow-up period, the young athletes who retired lost more BMD than the still active athletes at the femoral neck (mean difference, 0.07 g/cm2; p = 0.001) and gained less BMD at the total body (mean difference, 0.03 g/cm2; p = 0.004). Nevertheless, BMD was still higher in the retired young athletes (mean difference, 0.06-0.08 g/cm2) than in the controls in the total body, femoral neck, and arms (all p < 0.05). In the older cohort, there were fewer former athletes > or =60 of age than controls with fragility fractures (2.0% versus 4.2%; p < 0.05) and distal radius fractures (0.75% versus 2.5%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although exercise-induced BMD benefits are reduced after retirement from sports, former male older athletes have fewer fractures than matched controls.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nyquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol abuse and healing complications after cervical hip fractures
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 1464-3502. ; 33:4, s. 373-380
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteonecrosis of the femoral head following femoral neck fractures is a common condition. Spontaneous osteonecrosis, is, however, a rare disorder, which is observed with increased frequency in alcohol abusers. In this retrospective study, we followed 512 consecutive male patients who had sustained femoral neck fractures between 1984 and 1992; 82 of these 512 patients (16%) had earlier been registered at the Department of Alcohol Diseases as high consumers of alcohol. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the rate of healing complications and alcohol consumption. No differences were observed in the degree of fracture dislocation, frequency of femoral head necrosis, and pseudoarthrosis among the abusers. Furthermore, no differences were found in causative events, primary operative treatment, post-operative complications, and the number of secondary operations. The abusers were significantly younger, had a higher rate of early retirement, and had an increased death rate. Our study suggests that alcohol complicates the healing process to a lesser extent than earlier thought, and that osteonecrosis of the femoral head after femoral neck fractures is equally common in non-abusers as in abusers.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nyquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Biochemical markers of bone metabolism after short and long time ethanol withdrawal in alcoholics
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 19:1, s. 51-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The etiology of ethanol-associated osteopenia is not fully understood. A direct inhibitory effect of ethanol on osteoblast function has been suggested by in vitro and in vivo studies. In this study, we measured biochemical markers for bone formation (osteocalcin, bone specific alkaline phosphatase, procollagen-1-c-terminal peptide) and resorption (c-terminal telopeptide and urine deoxypyridinoline) in 18 otherwise healthy, but severely alcoholic men during a 10-day period of alcohol withdrawal. The same tests were performed in a group of 18 male abstainers, with more than 5 years of proven alcohol withdrawal. The results were compared with 29 male controls, randomly selected. In the group of alcoholics, osteocalcin (Oc) was significantly decreased at day 1 (p > 0.001; compared with controls). The low serum Oc levels normalized during the observation period and no significant difference was seen after 10 days. After a 5-year withdrawal, the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was increased (p = 0.040) and there was a tendency, but not significant, of a persistent high level of Oc when compared with controls. A significant increase in fasting urinary secretion of deoxypyrodinoline was seen among the alcoholics (p = 0.001 compared with controls). The increase did not normalize during the 10-day observation period. Also, the abstainers had a significantly higher fasting urinary secretion of deoxypyridinoline after a 5-year alcohol withdrawal (p = 0.022 compared with controls). The present study suggests that there is an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption among alcoholics that could result in rapid bone loss. Although most directions tended to normalize shortly after alcohol withdrawal, biochemical data suggest that there may still be a persistent high bone turnover after more than 5 years.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Nyquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethanol and its effects on fracture healing and bone mass in male rats
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 70:2, s. 212-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Operatively induced, standardized tibia fractures in 42 10-week-old male rats were fixed with intramedullary nails. 21 of the rats were fed liquid containing 15% ethanol. 5 weeks after inducing the fracture, the rats were killed and the total body bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed with the DEXA technique, and the mechanical properties of the fractured and the unfractured tibiae as well as the ipsi- and contralateral femoral shaft and femoral neck were tested. The rats given a liquid containing 15% ethanol were found to have significantly lower total BMD and total calcium than the controls. We also found a significantly lower bending moment and bending stiffness both in the fractured and unfractured tibiae among rats fed on ethanol. The energy absorption until refracture was less in rats fed on ethanol. Posttraumatic osteopenia was present, as judged by the mechanical tests of the ipsilateral femoral shaft and the femoral neck in all animals. There was no difference in this respect between the animals fed on ethanol and the controls. We found that ethanol disturbs bone metabolism which reduces the mechanical properties of the tibiae and femora of rats, but the healing process of an induced tibial shaft fracture was not affected.
|
|
| 9. |
- Nyquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Nature and healing of tibial shaft fractures in alcohol abusers
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 1464-3502. ; 32:1, s. 91-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol abuse is associated with an increased risk of osteopenia and fractures. Previous histomorphometric studies on iliac crest bone have found decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption in alcohol abusers but it has not been established whether alcohol abuse has any effect on the anatomical location or the healing time of tibial shaft fractures. We studied, retrospectively, 199 adult male patients hospitalized for isolated tibial shaft fracture in the city of Malmo, Sweden, between 1980 and 1990. Forty-nine of the patients had earlier been registered at the Department of Alcohol Diseases and were judged to be problem drinkers. Abusers sustained their tibial shaft fractures more often by falling at ground level (P < 0.0001) or from a higher level (P = 0.009) and the fractures were more often oblique than transverse (P = 0.002) as compared with non-abusers. Healing time was impaired in abusers who had sustained a transverse fracture (P = 0.035), but no difference was observed in healing time in those with a oblique fracture. We found no difference between the abusers and the non-abusers regarding duration of hospital stay, fracture location, amount of displacement, occurrence of open fractures or the rate of complications.
|
|
| 10. |
- Nyquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Osteopenia in alcoholics after tibial shaft fractures
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 1464-3502. ; 32:5, s. 599-604
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A marked reduction of 40-70% in regional bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported after fractures of long bones, and this post-traumatic osteopenia may to some extent persist for several years, perhaps lifelong. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether prolonged alcohol abuse had any effect on the degree of post-traumatic osteopenia after isolated tibia shaft fractures, the rationale for such a suspicion being the deranged bone metabolism found in alcoholics. We also wanted to investigate whether dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or quantitative ultrasound technique could detect differences between abusers and non-abusers in post-traumatic bone loss. We measured the BMD in 61 male patients with isolated tibia shaft fractures (1984-94) with the Lunar DPX-L and the Lunar Achilles. Twenty-four of the patients were verified to be high consumers of alcohol. After correction for differences in age and the time elapsed since the fracture event, we found significantly lower (11%; P = 0.017) BMD in the femoral neck of the fractured leg in abusers when utilizing the DEXA technique. No differences between abusers and non-abusers in BMD were detectable when using the ultrasound technique. We found a fair correlation (r = 0.63-0.81) between the DEXA and the ultrasound techniques in regions with spongious bone. Our findings suggest that alcohol abuse has some, albeit a limited, effect on the degree of post-traumatic osteopenia and that ultrasound measurements in the calcaneus are of little use in detecting an increased post-traumatic osteopenia in this patient group.
|
|
