| 1. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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Caught in a trap : landscape and climate implications of the insect fauna from a Roman well in Sherwood Forest
- 2018
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Ingår i: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. - : Springer. - 1866-9557 .- 1866-9565. ; 10:1, s. 125-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire is often considered a well preserved ancient landscape, subsequently having survived by way of centuries of management as a hunting preserve. Archaeological evidence suggests otherwise, with an enclosed landscape beginning in the pre-Roman Iron Age and continuing through the Romanperiod. Due to the nature of the region's soils, however, there is little empirical, palaeoecological evidence on its environmental history prior to the medieval period. This paper presents an insect fauna from a Roman well in a small enclosure in north Nottinghamshire, on the edge of Sherwood Forest, and its interpretation in terms of contemporary land use. Wells and small pools act as large pitfall traps and mayeffectively sample aspects of the local and regional insect fauna. The Wild Goose Cottage fauna and its environmental implications are also compared with a number of archaeologically and geographically similar contexts.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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Insect faunas from Medieval Langenes in Arctic Norway
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the VIII Nordic Conference on the Application of Scientific Methods In Archaeology, Umeå, Sweden, 2001. - : Umeå University. - 917264060X ; , s. 17-32
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cultural sediments containing significant amounts of fish bone at Langenesværet, Vesterålen, Northern Norway provide an opportunity to characterise activity during and prior to the establishment of a late medieval commercial fishing station (fiskevaer). Radiometric and AMS dating techniques are used to establish a chronology for the deposits, while activities associated with the sediments are characterised fossil insect faunas. The results highlight a series of problems with the dating of the heavily disturbed organic deposits of many archaeological sites, and the need for greater care in sample selection and interpretation.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Buckland, Paul C., et al.
(författare)
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What's eating Halvdan the Black? : fossil insects and the study of a burial mound in its landscape context
- 2004. - 1
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Ingår i: Halvdanshaugen. - Oslo : University Museum of Cultural Heritage. - 8280840168 ; , s. 353-375
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although the earliest work with insects from archaeological contexts dates back to was work on Egyptian mummies in the early nineteenth century, they were not widely used in archaeological interpretation until an effective technique for concentrating their remains was developed during the 1960s by Coope and Osborne at the University of Birmingham in England. Whilst most of their research centred upon climate and environment during the Late Quaternary, Osborne in particular began to examine assemblages from archaeological sites, and his work was expanded by Kenward, initially concentrating upon Roman and early medieval deposits in the city of York and later by Robinson at Oxford, whose main interest is in the late Holocene history of the Thames valley. Funding from the Leverhulme Trust in the UK allowed Buckland to examine the origins of the insect faunas of the Atlantic islands and this work has continued until recently. Initially research was concentrated upon the Coleoptera (beetles), but Kenward added identifications of Hemiptera (true bugs), and Skidmore and Panagiotakopulu Diptera (true flies). Panagiotakopulu has also worked closely with ectoparasite remains from archaeological sites. Although identification work still relies heavily upon the availability of extensive reference collections, the development of an extensive computer-based database, BUGS, of habitat, distribution and the fossil record of Quaternary insects has made interpretation considerably easier. In Scandinavia, early work was pioneered by Henriksen and later Lindroth. More recently Lemdahl has worked extensively on Lateglacial into Holocene natural assemblages and, in association with Hellqvist, has also examined archaeological contexts. Apart from Ponel’s work in France, there has been little recent research elsewhere in Europe, and most published work concerns natural assemblages. Similarly apart from Bain’s work on post-Columbian assemblages in the eastern US and Canada, and some work by Elias in the mid-West, insects have rarely been utilised in site interpretation in the Americas and, apart from Egypt, Africa, Asia and Australasia have fared even worse. Part of the reason behind this is the scattered nature of published results, and the frequent failure of archaeologists to cost scientific aspects of work upon their sites into project design. This paper attempts to outline some of the evidence which has been obtained from the study of insect remains, as well as to outline the methods used to concentrate the fossils. The fairly extensive bibliography allows access to the published literature, particularly that relevant to the Scandinavian World.
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| 6. |
- Buckland, Philip I., et al.
(författare)
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A Database for Egyptian Entomology
- 2004
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Ingår i: Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt. - 1110-0885. ; 81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EGBUGS, the Egyptian incarnation of the BUGS Coleopteran Ecology Package is a simple yet highly valuable aid to research and education in the fields of entomology and palaeoentomology. The ability to rapidly look up species habitat and distribution data compiled from various sources in itself saves hours of library and internet searching. Added to this is the ability to query habitat data and produce ecologically defined subsets of the EGBUGS dataset, and rapidly summarise the ecology of species found at a particular site, which again are tasks that would take hours to perform manually. It is hoped that the system will greatly benefit those working in the aforementioned fields, and even inspire others to engage in similar activities. The program can be freely downloaded from the BUGS2000 WWW site at http://www.bugs2000.org, and the authors would be grateful for comments, revisions and new data for entry.
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| 7. |
- Buckland, Philip I., et al.
(författare)
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Integrating human dimensions of Arctic palaeoenvironmental science : SEAD – the strategic environmental archaeology database
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Archaeological Science. - : Elsevier. - 0305-4403 .- 1095-9238. ; 38:2, s. 345-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental change has a human dimension, and has had so for at least the last 10 000 years. The prehistoric impact of people on the Arctic landscape has occasionally left visible traces, such as house and field structures. More often than not, however, the only evidence available is at the microscopic or geochemical level, such as fossil insect and seed assemblages or changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils and sediments. These records are the subject of SEAD, a multidisciplinary database and software project currently underway at Umeå University, Sweden, which aims to create an online database and set of tools for investigating these traces, as part of an international research infrastructure for palaeoecology and environmental archaeology.
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| 8. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Mid-Devensian climate and landscape in England : new data from Finningley, South Yorkshire
- 2019
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Ingår i: Royal Society Open Science. - : Royal Society Publishing. - 2054-5703. ; 6:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there is extensive evidence for the Late Devensian, less is known about Early and Middle Devensian (approx. 110-30 ka) climates and environments in the UK. The Greenland ice-core record suggests the UK should have endured multiple changes, but the terrestrial palaeo-record lacks sufficient detail for confirmation from sites in the British Isles. Data from deposits at Finningley, South Yorkshire, can help redress this. A channel with organic silts, dated 40 314-39 552 cal a BP, contained plant macrofossil and insect remains showing tundra with dwarf-shrub heath and bare ground. Soil moisture conditions varied from free draining to riparian, with ponds and wetter vegetated areas. The climate was probably low arctic with snow cover during the winter. Mutual climatic range (MCR), based on Coleoptera, shows the mean monthly winter temperatures of -22 to -2 degrees C and summer ones of 8-14 degrees C. Periglacial structures within the basal gravel deposits and beyond the glacial limits indicate cold-climate conditions, including permafrost. A compilation of MCR reconstructions for other Middle Devensian English sites shows that marine isotope stage 3-between 59 and 28 ka-experienced substantial variation in climate consistent with the Greenland ice-core record. The exact correlation is hampered by temporal resolution, but the Finningley site stadial at approximately 40 ka may correlate with the one of the Greenland stadials 7-11.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Khorasani, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Late Holocene beetle assemblages and environmental change in Gammelhemmet, northern Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Boreas. - : Wiley. - 0300-9483 .- 1502-3885. ; 44:2, s. 368-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of insect fossil remains retrieved from a bog close to the abandoned farm at Gammelhemmet, near Lycksele in Swedish Lapland, enabled the reconstruction of environmental changes at the site over the last 2500years. These results represent the first late Holocene palaeoentomological succession studied for insect remains in the Vasterbotten interior, and they provide new evidence for landscape change in the area. Around 2000years ago, at the end of the early Iron Age, disappearance of the tree and leaf litter fauna and an increase in aquatic species indicate the expansion of wetlands in the area. Patches of a multi-aged mixed woodland with a diverse assemblage of forest-dwelling beetles succeeded the wetland approximate to 1500years ago, at the beginning of the late Iron Age. A marked change to open and drier conditions, and the presence of species often found in grassland and cultivated ground took place during the post-Medieval period. Our evidence indicates drainage of the area prior to the 18th century, placing the initiation of agricultural activities in Gammelhemmet earlier than the documentary record. Our research shows the potential of the use of fossil insects for understanding environmental change and also human impact on the landscape, even of limited scale, from natural contexts.
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