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- Fahlström, Per Göran, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Career pathways in Swedish elite sports
- 2014
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the World Association of Sport Management Conferens in Madrid (okt. 2014)..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Fahlström, Per Göran, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Elite sport and education
- 2014
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the congress Materials tomorrow, Chalmers university of Technology, 04-11-2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Previous studies have shown that successful sport careers often are based upon the notion that athletes are living a life in harmony and also have had the opportunity to successfully combine a sport career and a parallel academic career (Patriksson, 1995; Stråhlman, 2006). This presentation focuses on aspects related to parallel career opportunities for elite athletes in the academy. The aim is to describe 3 different concerns in both the civil and the athletic development. Method 36 Swedish athletes were interviewed (26 men -10 women) all with experience of top-level sport on international basis and varied experiences of academic involvment. One third of the group had finished their sport career before or during the 1990s and the others in the 2000s. The respondents represented various sports. The issues discussed highlight the aims and the questions where formulated to grasp the essence of the respondents’ experiences. Results Three aspects of career support where detected. (1) The student athlete is admitted to regular university courses/programs on the same terms as other students, but progressing the studies with different types of adapted curriculum. The design of the support is in collaboration with the Training Manager and Director of studies at the university institution. The candidate's sport activities are completely outside university activities and responsibilities. (2) The elite athlete is accepted on courses/programmes at the same premises as above (1), but the university also provides support for the student's athletic development. This support is a joint collaboration between the Academy and the Sport organizations (federations, sports clubs and other stakeholders). A steering committee and a resource centre are established with the task of organizing and managing the sport activities. (3) The athlete is admitted to a degree program or course where one of the objectives is to develop the student's knowledge in different sports. Advanced research programs are tied to this kind of support with the goal of creating a complete academic environment as collaboration between university institutions, stakeholders from related sectors (public authorities, sport organizations, industrial development and private stakeholders) and the athlete. In addition, there will also be opportunities to develop progression for students' sports development through collaboration with the government sanctioned study form sports schools (sv: idrottsgymnasier). Discussion The standpoint is that a prospective student has the ambitions to both succeed in the academic career and the athletic career. If the universities (along with serious actors) can implement the above outlined actions and development stages, the cooperation between sport organizations and universities can become an international centre for the development of sporting knowledge (through research) and education. Knowledge development about sport is through research the key to sustainable development and the foundation on which successful parallel carers can be established.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fahlström, Per Göran, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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The Sports Lift Project: a study of governing relations.
- 2014
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Ingår i: AIESEP conference in Auckland NZ..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2003 the Swedish Parliament voted for a “Handshake with Sport”, a four years sport-promoting project for children and youth. The Confederation received approximately 100 million EURO to allocate among its federations and the aim was to open the doors of sport. A prioritized sub-theme was to encourage schools to promote physical activity. In 2006 to 2014 the project continued with about 400 million EURO as the “Sports-lift-project”, only with slightly modified general aims. AIMS: This study is a research project aiming to evaluate effects of the Sports-lift; especially the Swedish University Sports Federation and the Recreation and Exercise Sports Federation. The results focus on the theoretical concept governmentality, with emphasis on corporatism and of sport organizations and sport activities in school. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with responsible persons at the Swedish Sport confederation, the two Sport federations and at the Ministry of Culture and Sport. The interviews were recorded and rules of ethical considerations have been followed. RESULTS: The results show that understanding in terms of unity and consensus is a vital part of the Sports-lift. The informants from the Confederation/the Federations and the Ministry of culture and sport meant that the realization of the Sports-lift demanded considerable space for the Sport associations and little governing from the ministry. DISCUSSION: The almost invisible governance from the state in the Sports-lift is a very efficient strategy in a situation where actors are dependent of each other (sports are generally popular among voters and the sport sector is in need of government support). But it is also a venturesome line of action if the counterparts lack in mutual trust, which can jeopardize the whole project.
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| 6. |
- Fahlström, Per Göran, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Vägen från landslaget – om elitidrott, karriär och avslutning
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Utgångspunkten för projektet är olika perspektiv på de elitidrottandes karriärer. Det finns relativt omfattande internationell forskning om vägen från involvering i barn- och ungdomsidrott till prestation på elitnivå, dock i mindre omfattning i en svensk kontext. Tidigare studier har visat att en framgångsrik idrottskarriär, ofta bygger på att den idrottandes liv och vardag är i harmoni. Det har också framkommit att många kombinerar sitt elitidrottande med arbete och/eller studier både på hel- och deltid. Däremot är den forskningsbaserade kunskapen om nutida svenska elitidrottares situation efter karriären tämligen begränsad. Syfte: Studies syfte består av tre delar: att beskriva (1) upplevelser och erfarenheter av vägen till och genom elitidrottskarriären, (2) upplevelser av övergången från elitidrottskarriären till livet efter elitidrottskarriären och (3) upplevelser av olika stödfunktioners betydelse under och efter elitidrottskarriären. Metod: För att besvara de formulerade forskningsfrågorna intervjuades 36 idrottare, 26 män och 10 kvinnor, med erfarenhet på internationell toppnivå. Fem av de intervjuade var vid intervjutillfället fortfarande aktiva. Av de före detta aktiva hade omkring hälften avslutat sin elitkarriär under 1990-talet och den andra halvan under 2000-talet. De svarande representerar idrotterna badminton, bandy, basketboll, brottning, bågskytte, cykel, fotboll, friidrott, fäktning handboll, ishockey, kanot, konståkning, orientering, rodd, segling, simning, skidor, skyttesport och tennis. De frågor som diskuterades med de intervjuade belyser syftets olika delar, med undantag för dem som inte avslutat sin karriär, där frågor om erfarenheter av själva avslutningen inte ställdes. Resultat: De flesta informanterna kommer från familjer med starkt idrottsintresse, föräldrar och syskon utövar och konsumerar idrott. Detta har underlättat och bidragit till respondenternas idrottsintresse. De aktivas vägar till elitidrott visar på stor variation i aktivitetsmönster, allt från utövare som tidigare valt en idrott och satsat på den till utövare som sysslat med ett flertal idrotter och valt idrott relativt sent. De allra flesta tillhör den senare gruppen. De intervjuade kan tydligt identifiera när de valda att satsa på sin huvudidrott och anger tre huvudsakliga skäl till sin satsning: markant höjd målsättning, insikten om att de bisitter en potential att nå långt och får bekräftelse och uppmärksamhet t.ex. uttagning till landslag, elitgrupp eller liknande Idrottskarriärens avslutning är ofta en komplex och utdragen process som kan liknas vid ett mångårigt hängivet förhållande som de flesta har haft svårt att lämna. Nästan en tredjedel av de intervjuade återvände till idrotten en eller flera gånger (comeback). Däremot var karriärslutet för många Vägen från landslaget 6 ett medvetet planerat beslut. Endast ett fåtal bestämde sig för att klippa av banden till elitidrotten med kort varsel. Beslutet om att avslutade idrottskarriären berodde ofta på kombinationer av olika skäl. De vanligaste skälen var bristande motivation, skada eller hälsoproblem och (hög) ålder. De allra flesta anger att övergången från elitidrotten till ett ”vanligt” liv gått relativt problemfritt. De var i stort sett nöjda med sin livssituation och mådde bra även om en mindre del av dem upplevt större eller mindre problem i direkt anslutning till karriärslutet. De menar idag att idrotten spelat en central och betydelsefull roll i deras liv och att de genom idrotten fått lära sig värdefulla egenskaper för sina kommande liv. Ingen av dem ångrar heller sin elitidrottssatsning. En klar majoritet av de intervjuade har efter idrottskarriären fått jobb som hade stark koppling till idrott antingen inom idrottsrörelsen eller genom att starta egna företag som på olika sätt hade idrottsanknytning. Flera respondenter nämner också betydelsen av att förbereda sin elitidrottsavslutning. Här vilar ansvaret naturligtvis på individen själv men också på idrottens organisationer, samt allmännyttiga samhällsfunktioner som utbildning- och arbetsmarknadsåtgärder. Utbildning, yrke och signifikanta andra är viktiga ingredienser för att förbereda en lyckad postidrottslig socialisation, med möjlighet för individen att under elitidrottstiden bedriva parallella karriärer. Respondenterna var också positiva till RF:s planerade satsning på s.k. Riksidrottsuniversitet, med möjlighet till studier och stöd för sin idrottsliga utveckling under elitidrottskarriären.
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| 7. |
- Stråhlman, Owe, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Post retirement experiences of former Swedish elite athletes
- 2014
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Ingår i: ECSS 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Previous studies have shown that successful sport careers are often based upon the notion that athletes are living a life in harmony, and that positive adjustment to retirement is dependent on the athletes coping strategies and adjustment skills adapted during the sport career (Patriksson, 1995; Stråhlman, 2006). The aims of this study are to describe; (1) the perceptions and experiences of the road through the elite sports career, (2) experiences of the transition from elite sport to a post retirement life. Method 36 athletes were interviewed (26 men -10 women) all with experience of top-level sport on international basis. One third of the group had finished their career before or during the 1990s and the others in the 2000s. The respondents represented various sports. The issues discussed highlight the aims of the study, and the questions where formulated to grasp the essence of the respondents’ experiences. Results The career ended for many of the respondents as a conscious planned decision, even if one third made a comeback. Only a few ended in an abrupt way. The decision to end the sport career was often a combination of reasons; lack of motivation, injury - health problems and age. The transition from elite sport went for the majority smoothly and the respondents enjoyed their retirement lives, although a small portion of them experienced problems as a direct result of their career ending. Sport still played a central role and sport related properties were important for the respondents’ lives. No one regretted their elite sports career but they underlined the importance to prepare for the post retirement life. The majority of the respondents found new jobs, most sport related, and they were satisfied with their lives. Discussion It is important not only to focus on the elite sport career, but on career support in general, especially for those with problematic adjustment. Unproblematic voluntary adjustment is often linked to the possibility to prepare in advance for retirement. Since no one reported having severe injuries that predominantly affected their post retirement life, they could put their new ambitions in other areas. Sport organisations, public authorities and individuals are all responsible for the athlete’s retirement. References Park, S., Lavallee, D. & Tod, D. (2013). Athletes´ career transition out of sport: a systematic review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6:1, 22-53. Patriksson, G. (1995). The elite sports career. Mölndal: Institutionen för pedagogik. Göteborgs universitet. Stråhlman, O. (2006). Elite sport retirement process: career analysis of former Swedish elite athletes. Göteborg: Department of Education, Göteborg University. Owe.strahlman@ped.gu.se
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| 8. |
- Stråhlman, Owe, et al.
(författare)
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Post retirement experiences of former Swedish elite athletes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sport, Unity & Conflict : 12th European Association for Sociology of Sport Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Previous studies have shown that successful sport careers are often based upon the notion that athletes are living a life in harmony and that positive adjustment to retirement is dependent on the athletes coping strategies and adjustment skills. The aims of this study are to describe; (1) the perceptions and experiences of the road through the elite sports career, (2) experiences of the transition from elite sport to a post retirement life.Method 36 athletes were interviewed (26 men -10 women) all with experience of top-level sport on international basis. One third of the group had finished their career before or during the 1990s and the others in the 2000s. The questions to the respondents where formulated to grasp the essence of the their experiences.Results The career ended for many of the respondents as a conscious planned decision. The decision to end the sport career was often a combination of reasons. The transition from elite sport went for the majority smoothly and the respondents enjoyed their retirement lives, although a small portion of them experienced problems as a result of their career ending. Sport still played a central role and sport related properties were important for the respondents. No one regretted their elite sports career but they underlined the importance to prepare for the post retirement life. The majority of the respondents found new jobs, and they were satisfied with their lives.Discussion It is important to focus on career support, especially for those with problematic adjustment. Unproblematic voluntary adjustment is often linked to the possibility to prepare in advance for retirement. Since no one reported having severe injuries that predominantly affected their post retirement life, they could put their new ambitions in other areas. Sport organisations, public authorities and individuals are all responsible for the athlete’s retirement.
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