| 1. |
- Jung, Christian, et al.
(author)
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A comparison of very old patients admitted to intensive care unit after acute versus elective surgery or intervention
- 2019
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In: Journal of critical care. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0883-9441 .- 1557-8615. ; 52, s. 141-148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: We aimed to evaluate differences in outcome between patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) after elective versus acute surgery in a multinational cohort of very old patients (80 years; VIP). Predictors of mortality, with special emphasis on frailty, were assessed.Methods: In total, 5063 VIPs were induded in this analysis, 922 were admitted after elective surgery or intervention, 4141 acutely, with 402 after acute surgery. Differences were calculated using Mann-Whitney-U test and Wilcoxon test. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations with mortality.Results: Compared patients admitted after acute surgery, patients admitted after elective surgery suffered less often from frailty as defined as CFS (28% vs 46%; p < 0.001), evidenced lower SOFA scores (4 +/- 5 vs 7 +/- 7; p < 0.001). Presence of frailty (CFS >4) was associated with significantly increased mortality both in elective surgery patients (7% vs 12%; p = 0.01), in acute surgery (7% vs 12%; p = 0.02).Conclusions: VIPs admitted to ICU after elective surgery evidenced favorable outcome over patients after acute surgery even after correction for relevant confounders. Frailty might be used to guide clinicians in risk stratification in both patients admitted after elective and acute surgery.
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| 2. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
- Crovetto, Andrea, et al.
(author)
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Dielectric function and double absorption onset of monoclinic Cu2SnS3 : origin of experimental features explained by first-principles calculations
- 2016
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In: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 154, s. 121-129
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work, we determine experimentally the dielectric function of monoclinic Cu2SnS3 (CTS) by spectroscopic ellipsometry from 0.7 to 5.9 eV. An experimental approach is proposed to overcome the challenges of extracting the dielectric function of Cu2SnS3 when grown on a glass/Mo substrate, as relevant for photovoltaic applications. The ellipsometry measurement reveals a double absorption onset at 0.91 eV and 0.99 eV. Importantly, we demonstrate that calculation within the density functional theory (DFT) confirms this double onset only when a very dense k-mesh is used to reveal fine details in the electronic structure, and this can explain why it has not been reported in earlier calculated spectra. We can now show that the double onset originates from optical transitions at the Gamma-point from three energetically close-lying valence bands to a single conduction band. Thus, structural imperfection, like secondary phases, is not needed to explain such an absorption spectrum. Finally, we show that the absorption coefficient of CTS is particularly large in the near-band gap spectral region when compared to similar photovoltaic materials. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Moloney, Kristen, et al.
(author)
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Development of a surgical competency assessment tool for sentinel lymph node dissection by minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer
- 2021
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In: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. - : BMJ. - 1048-891X .- 1525-1438. ; 31:5, s. 647-655
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sentinel lymph node dissection is widely used in the staging of endometrial cancer. Variation in surgical techniques potentially impacts diagnostic accuracy and oncologic outcomes, and poses barriers to the comparison of outcomes across institutions or clinical trial sites. Standardization of surgical technique and surgical quality assessment tools are critical to the conduct of clinical trials. By identifying mandatory and prohibited steps of sentinel lymph node (SLN) dissection in endometrial cancer, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a competency assessment tool for use in surgical quality assurance. A Delphi methodology was applied, included 35 expert gynecological oncology surgeons from 16 countries. Interviews identified key steps and tasks which were rated mandatory, optional, or prohibited using questionnaires. Using the surgical steps for which consensus was achieved, a competency assessment tool was developed and subjected to assessments of validity and reliability. Seventy percent consensus agreement standardized the specific mandatory, optional, and prohibited steps of SLN dissection for endometrial cancer and informed the development of a competency assessment tool. Consensus agreement identified 21 mandatory and three prohibited steps to complete a SLN dissection. The competency assessment tool was used to rate surgical quality in three preselected videos, demonstrating clear separation in the rating of the skill level displayed with mean skills summary scores differing significantly between the three videos (F score=89.4; P<0.001). Internal consistency of the items was high (Cronbach α=0.88). Specific mandatory and prohibited steps of SLN dissection in endometrial cancer have been identified and validated based on consensus among a large number of international experts. A competency assessment tool is now available and can be used for surgeon selection in clinical trials and for ongoing, prospective quality assurance in routine clinical care.
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| 5. |
- Aljinovic, Andrea Aglic, et al.
(author)
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Josip Pecaric- and his life in mathematics and politics
- 2019
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In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications. - : Element. - 1331-4343 .- 1848-9966. ; 22:4, s. 1067-1080
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is impossible in limited number of pages to give a fair picture of such a remarkable man, great mathematician and human being as Josip Pecaric. Our intention is instead to complement the picture of him in various ways. We hope that our paper will give also someflavor of Josip as family man, fighter, supervisor,international authority, author (also in other subjects than mathematics), fan of the Croatian football team, and not only as his obvious role as our King of Inequalities.
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| 6. |
- Athle, Robin, et al.
(author)
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Top Electrode Engineering for Freedom in Design and Implementation of Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions Based on Hf1- xZrxO2
- 2022
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In: ACS Applied Electronic Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2637-6113. ; 4:3, s. 1002-1009
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) based on ultrathin HfO2 have great potential as a fast and energy-efficient memory technology compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductors. FTJs consist of a ferroelectric film sandwiched between two distinct electrodes, the properties of which are intricately linked to the electrical properties of the FTJs. Here we utilize a W crystallization electrode (CE) to achieve a high and reproducible remanent polarization, combined with a metal replacement process in which the W is carefully removed and replaced by another top electrode (TE). In this way we separate the ferroelectric film properties from the device design and can thereby evaluate the effect of the TE work function (WF) and conduction band electron density (ne) on the tunneling electroresistance (TER) and device reliability. We compare FTJs designed with a TiN bottom electrode and W, Cr, or Ni TE and find that the use of high electron density metals such as Ni or Cr as TE allows for an improved TER, albeit at the cost of reliability due to a large built-in electric field. To bypass this effect, a bilayer Cr/Ni TE is implemented, which allows for a high TER and minimal built-in field, leading to excellent retention and endurance beyond 108 cycles. The results presented here thus highlight a process flow for reliable design and implementation of FTJs.
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| 7. |
- Begovic, Ermina, et al.
(author)
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Experimental modelling of local structure responses for high-speed planing craft in waves
- 2020
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In: Ocean Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0029-8018 .- 1873-5258. ; 216
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The modelling of planing craft dynamics in waves and related fluid-structure interaction is a hard challenge due to the highly nonlinear, transient and stochastic nature of the whole process. This paper explores the prospectives of detailed experimental modelling of the local structure responses for high-speed planing craft in waves. A novel experimental setup is presented where a well-defined model structure is integrated into the hull bottom of a typical planing craft model. The model is instrumented for measuring strains in the model structure, related slamming pressures, craft rigid body motions and accelerations. The experimental setup is thoroughly described and motivated and crucial aspects of the setup are verified through testing in idealized static loading conditions and by modal analysis. The capabilities of the experimental setup are demonstrated through systematic experiments in regular waves. The most indicative results are presented and discussed in relation to corresponding results from time-domain simulations The presented experimental modelling approach is concluded to enable uniquely detailed studies of the complete slamming related fluid-structure interaction process and provides a good tool for further research and development towards establishment of first principles-based methods for hydrodynamic and structure design of high-speed planing craft.
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| 8. |
- Bessell, Alyson, et al.
(author)
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Speech and language therapy interventions for children with cleft palate : a systematic review
- 2013
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In: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. - 1055-6656 .- 1545-1569. ; 50:1, s. e1-e17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective : (1) To examine the evidence for the effectiveness of differences in timing and type of speech and language therapy for children with cleft palate with or without a cleft lip and (2) to identify types of interventions assessed. Design : Nine databases, including MEDLINE and EMBASE, were searched between inception and March 2011 to identify published articles relating to speech and language therapy for children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip. Studies that included at least 10 participants and reported outcome measures for speech and/or language measures were included. Studies where the experimental group had less than 90% of children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip were excluded. Two reviewers independently completed inclusion assessment, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment for all studies identified. Results : A total of 17 papers were evaluated: six randomized control trials and 11 observational studies. Studies varied widely on risk of bias, intervention used, and outcome measures reported. None of the studies had a low risk of bias. In terms of intervention approaches, seven studies evaluated linguistic approaches and 10 evaluated motor approaches. Outcomes measures did not support either approach over the other, and based on data reported it was difficult to ascertain which approach is more effective for children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip. Conclusions : The review found little evidence to support any specific intervention. Key uncertainties need to be identified and adequately powered, methodologically rigorous studies conducted to provide a secure evidence base for speech-language therapy practice in children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Cedres, Nira, et al.
(author)
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Subjective Impairments in Olfaction and Cognition Predict Dissociated Behavioral Outcomes
- 2022
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In: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5014 .- 1758-5368. ; 78:1, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Self-rated subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective olfactory impairment (SOI) are associated with objective cognitive decline and dementia. However, their relationship and co-occurrence is unknown. We aimed to (a) describe the occurrence of SOI, SCD and their overlap in the general population; (b) compare SOI and SCD in terms of longitudinal associations with corresponding objective olfactory and cognitive measures; and (c) describe how SOI and SCD may lead to distinct sensory and cognitive outcomes.Methods: Cognitively unimpaired individuals from the third wave of the Swedish population-based Betula study (n = 784, aged 35–90 years; 51% females) were split into self-rated SOI, SCD, overlapping SCD + SOI, and controls. Between-subject and within-subject repeated-measures MANCOVA were used to compare the groups regarding odor identification, cognition, age, sex, and education. Spearman correlation was used to assess the different patterns of association between olfaction and cognition across groups.Results: SOI was present in 21.1%, whereas SCD was present in 9.9% of participants. According to a chi-square analysis, the SCD + SOI overlap (2.7%) is on a level that could be expected if the phenomena were independent. Odor identification in SOI showed decline at the 10-year follow-up (n = 284) and was positively associated with cognition. The SOI and SCD groups showed distinct cognitive-olfactory profiles at follow-up.Conclusions: SOI occur independently of SCD in the population, and these risk factors are associated with different cognitive and olfactory outcomes. The biological causes underlying SOI and SCD, as well as the risk for future cognitive impairment, need further investigation.
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