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- Li, Yafang, et al.
(författare)
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Lung cancer in ever- and never-smokers : findings from multi-population GWAS studies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 33:3, s. 389-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Clinical, molecular, and genetic epidemiology studies displayed remarkable differences between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer.METHODS: We conducted a stratified multi-population (European, East Asian, and African descent) association study on 44,823 ever-smokers and 20,074 never-smokers to identify novel variants that were missed in the non-stratified analysis. Functional analysis including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) colocalization and DNA damage assays, and annotation studies were conducted to evaluate the functional roles of the variants. We further evaluated the impact of smoking quantity on lung cancer risk for the variants associated with ever-smoking lung cancer.RESULTS: Five novel independent loci, GABRA4, intergenic region 12q24.33, LRRC4C, LINC01088, and LCNL1 were identified with the association at two or three populations (P < 5 × 10-8). Further functional analysis provided multiple lines of evidence suggesting the variants affect lung cancer risk through excessive DNA damage (GABRA4) or cis-regulation of gene expression (LCNL1). The risk of variants from 12 independent regions, including the well-known CHRNA5, associated with ever-smoking lung cancer was evaluated for never-smokers, light-smokers (packyear ≤ 20), and moderate-to-heavy-smokers (packyear > 20). Different risk patterns were observed for the variants among the different groups by smoking behavior.CONCLUSIONS: We identified novel variants associated with lung cancer in only ever- or never-smoking groups that were missed by prior main-effect association studies. IMPACT: Our study highlights the genetic heterogeneity between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer and provides etiologic insights into the complicated genetic architecture of this deadly cancer.
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| 3. |
- Li, Yafang, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide interaction analysis identified low-frequency variants with sex disparity in lung cancer risk
- 2022
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 31:16, s. 2831-2843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differences by sex in lung cancer incidence and mortality have been reported which cannot be fully explained by sex differences in smoking behavior, implying existence of genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development. However, the information about sex dimorphism in lung cancer risk is quite limited despite the great success in lung cancer association studies. By adopting a stringent two-stage analysis strategy, we performed a genome-wide gene-sex interaction analysis using genotypes from a lung cancer cohort including ~ 47 000 individuals with European ancestry. Three low-frequency variants (minor allele frequency < 0.05), rs17662871 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, P = 4.29×10-8); rs79942605 (OR = 2.17, P = 2.81×10-8) and rs208908 (OR = 0.70, P = 4.54×10-8) were identified with different risk effect of lung cancer between men and women. Further expression quantitative trait loci and functional annotation analysis suggested rs208908 affects lung cancer risk through differential regulation of Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor gene expression in lung tissues between men and women. Our study is one of the first studies to provide novel insights about the genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development.
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- Newton Bishop, Julia A., et al.
(författare)
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Teaching non-specialist health care professionals how to identify the atypical mole syndrome phenotype : a multinational study
- 2000
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 142:2, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The atypical mole syndrome (AMS) phenotype is the strongest known risk factor for cutaneous melanoma but recognition of the phenotype has been claimed to be problematic and to require specialist assessment. This study determined the ability of previously unskilled doctors and nurses in five countries to recognize the phenotype after brief training. The system used was the AMS scoring system. This incorporates melanocytic naevus counts, clinical atypia of naevi and distribution of naevi. The agreement in scoring between the dermatologist and trained personnel was determined in 986 patients; overall agreement in diagnosis was 94·5% (kappa 0·70, P < 0·0001). The kappa scores in different countries ranged from 0·65 to 0·77 for individual naevus characteristics, indicative of good agreement. Accurate diagnosis of the atypical mole syndrome phenotype is possible by non-specialists. This has implications for collaborative studies of naevi, for screening and for both primary and secondary prevention of melanoma.
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| 5. |
- Byun, Jinyoung, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Research. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:8, s. 1167-1177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
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| 6. |
- Siles, Rogelio, et al.
(författare)
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Combretastatin dinitrogen-substituted stilbene analogues as tubulin-binding and vascular-disrupting agents
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Natural Products. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0163-3864 .- 1520-6025. ; 71:3, s. 313-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several stilbenoid compounds having structural similarity to the combretastatin group of natural products and characterized by the incorporation of two nitrogen-bearing groups (amine, nitro, serinamide) have been prepared by chemical synthesis and evaluated in terms of biochemical and biological activity. The 2',3'-diamino B-ring analogue 17 demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cell lines in vitro (average GI(50) = 13.9 nM) and also showed good activity in regard to inhibition of tubulin assembly (IC50 = 2.8 mu M). In addition, a single dose (10 mg/kg) of compound 17 caused a 40% tumor-selective blood flow shutdown in tumor-bearing SCID mice at 24 h, thus suggesting the potential value of this compound and its corresponding salt formulations as new vascular-disrupting agents.
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