| 1. |
- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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| 2. |
- Pavlović, Tomislav, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: PNAS Nexus. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2752-6542 .- 2752-6542. ; 1:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 ( = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution-individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic.
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| 3. |
- Van Bavel, Jay J., et al.
(författare)
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National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic. Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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| 4. |
- Seelam, Rajasekhar Reddy, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering heterogeneous microstructure by severe warm-rolling for enhancing strength-ductility synergy in eutectic high entropy alloys
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-5093. ; 764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microstructure and mechanical properties of a (L12+B2) AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy (EHEA) processed by severe warm-rolling were investigated in the present work. The EHEA was successfully warm-rolled up to 90% reduction in thickness at 400 °C, 600 °C and 750 °C. Considerable differences in the microstructural evolution were identified during warm-rolling at the three temperatures. The L12 phase in the EHEA was disordered due to severe warm-rolling at 400 °C and 750 °C, while a predominantly ordered structure was retained in the EHEA warm-rolled at 600 °C. This anomalous behavior could be adequately explained by the sluggish ordering kinetics at lower deformation temperatures. The EHEA warm-rolled at 750 °C showed an extremely heterogeneous microstructure featured by retained lamellar regions comprising of B2 and FCC lamellae with dispersed B2 phase inside the FCC, whereas the non-lamellar regions showed a mixture of ultrafine to nanocrystalline disordered FCC, ordered B2 and Cr-rich σ phases. The non-lamellar regions were scarce and nearly absent in the EHEA 90% warm-rolled at 600 °C and 400 °C, respectively. The remarkably heterogeneous microstructure of EHEA warm-rolled at 750 °C resulted in outstanding strength-ductility combination with tensile strength ~1635 MPa and elongation to failure ~18%. The results indicated tremendous potential for achieving superior mechanical properties in heterogeneous EHEAs processed by severe warm-rolling.
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| 5. |
- Seelam, Rajasekhar Reddy, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructural design by severe warm-rolling for tuning mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy
- 2019
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Ingår i: Intermetallics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-9795. ; 114:nov.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of severe warm-rolling and subsequent annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties in an AlCoCrFeNi2.1 high entropy alloy consisting of a lamellar arrangement of ordered L1(2) and B2 phases was studied. For this purpose, the as-cast EHEA was severely warm-rolled up to 90% reduction in thickness at selected temperatures of 400 degrees C, 600 degrees C, and 750 degrees C. The severely warm-rolled EHEAs were further annealed at temperatures ranging from 800 degrees C to 1200 degrees C for 1 h. Warm-rolling resulted in a unique disordering behavior of the L1(2) depending on the temperature of warm-rolling. However, the B2 phase maintained the ordered structure irrespective of the warm-rolling temperature. The EHEA warm-rolled at 400 degrees C and 600 degrees C showed a predominantly lamellar microstructure, while the EHEA warm-rolled at 750 degrees C showed a novel heterogeneous microstructure featured by a mixture of lamellar and non-lamellar regions. Annealing of the 90% warm-rolled materials resulted in the formation of predominantly duplex microstructures consisting of disordered FCC and B2 phases. The EHEA warm-rolled at 400 degrees C and 600 degrees C showed high strength but rather limited ductility, which could be improved upon annealing. Remarkably, the EHEA warm-rolled at 750 degrees C showed the most outstanding properties featured by exceptional strength-ductility combination owing to the novel heterogeneous microstructure. Annealing of the heterogeneous EHEA resulted in the deterioration of the strength-ductility balance owing to the annihilation of the heterogeneous microstructure, being replaced by a microduplex structure.
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