| 1. |
- Schmidtke, A, et al.
(författare)
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Attempted suicide in Europe : rates, trends and sociodemographic characteristics of suicide attempters during the period 1989-1992. Results of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 93:5, s. 327-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The World Health Organization/EURO Multicentre Project on Parasuicide is part of the action to implement target 12 of the WHO programme, "Health for All by the Year 2000', for the European region. Sixteen centres in 13 European countries are participating in the monitoring aspect of the project, in which trends in the epidemiology of suicide attempts are assessed. The highest average male age-standardized rate of suicide attempts was found for Helsinki, Finland (314/100,000), and the lowest rate (45/100,000) was for Guipuzcoa, Spain, representing a sevenfold difference. The highest average female age-standardized rate was found for Cergy-Pontoise, France (462/100,000), and the lowest (69/100,000) again for Guipuzcoa, Spain. With only one exception (Helsinki), the person-based suicide attempt rates were higher among women than among men. In the majority of centres, the highest person-based rates were found in the younger age groups. The rates among people aged 55 years or over were generally the lowest. For the majority of the centres, the rates for individuals aged 15 years or over decreased between 1989 and 1992. The methods used were primarily "soft' (poisoning) or cutting. More than 50% of the suicide attempters made more than one attempt, and nearly 20% of the second attempts were made within 12 months after the first attempt. Compared with the general population, suicide attempters more often belong to the social categories associated with social destabilization and poverty.
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| 2. |
- Bille-Brahe, U, et al.
(författare)
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The WHO-EURO Multicentre Study : risk of parasuicide and the comparability of the areas under study.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Crisis. - 0227-5910 .- 2151-2396. ; 17:1, s. 32-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 15 areas under study in the WHO/Euro Multicentre Study on Parasuicide vary considerably with regard to socio-economic factors, culture, life-styles, etc. In this paper, the authors discuss whether the traditional high risk factors for suicidal behavior (such as unemployment, abuse, divorce, etc.) take on different weights depending on local societal and cultural settings. Results from analyzing covariations between various background factors characteristic of the different areas under study and the frequency of attempted suicide showed weak or insignificant correlations, indicating that high-risk factors can only be identified from international pooled data with great care.
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| 3. |
- De Leo, D, et al.
(författare)
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Attempted and completed suicide in older subjects : results from the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour.
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 16:3, s. 300-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stockholm (Sweden), Pontoise (France) and Oxford (UK) had the highest suicide attempts rates. In most centres, the majority of elderly who attempted suicide were widow(er)s, often living alone, who used predominantly voluntary drug ingestion. Non-fatal suicidal behaviour decreased with increasing age, whereas suicide rates rose. The ratio between fatal and non-fatal behaviours was 1:2, that for males/females almost 1:1. In the years considered, substantial stability in suicide and attempted suicide rates was observed. As their age increased, suicidal subjects displayed only a limited tendency to repeat self-destructive acts. Moreover, there was little correlation between attempted suicide and suicide rates, which carries different clinical implications for non-fatal suicidal behaviour in the elderly compared with younger subjects in the same WHO/EURO study.
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| 4. |
- Font, J., et al.
(författare)
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INTERLOCKING RESONANCE PATTERNS IN GALAXY DISKS
- 2014
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 210:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a method for finding dynamical resonances in disk galaxies using the change in sense of the radial component of the in-plane velocity at a resonance radius. Using simulations we show that we would expect to find these changes at corotation radii with a weaker effect at the Lindblad resonances. The method works well with observations at high spectral and angular resolutions, and is suited to the analysis of two-dimensional velocity fields in Ha from Fabry-Perot spectroscopy. We find clear indications of resonance effects in the disk velocity fields of virtually all of the 104 galaxies. The number of resonance radii detected ranges from one to seven, with a median of four. The frequency curves Omega, Omega +/- kappa/2, Omega +/- kappa/4 against radius for all the galaxies led us to discover a pattern in over 70% of the sample: given two pattern speeds, say Omega(1) and Omega(2), the OLR of Omega(1) coincides with the corotation of Omega(2), and the inner 4: 1 resonance of Omega(2) coincides with the corotation of Omega(1). Although the second coincidence has been predicted, a prediction of this double coincidence is not found in the literature. This pattern is found once in 42 of the galaxies, twice in a further 26, three times in 5, and even four times in 1 galaxy. We also compute the ratio of corotation radius to bar length where we have sufficient image quality, finding a mean value of 1.3, and a shallow increase toward later type galaxies.
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| 5. |
- Hawton, K, et al.
(författare)
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Relation between attempted suicide and suicide rates among young people in Europe.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 52:3, s. 191-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rates of attempted suicide and suicide in the young covary. The recent increase in attempted suicide rates in young male subjects in several European countries could herald a further increase in suicide rates.
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| 6. |
- Hultén, A, et al.
(författare)
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Recommended care for young people (15-19 years) after suicide attempts in certain European countries.
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 9:2, s. 100-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on recommended care for young people aged 15-19 years after attempted suicide from nine European research centres during the period 1989-1992 were analysed in terms of gender, history of previous suicide attempt and methods used. Altogether 438 suicide attempts made by 353 boys and 1,102 suicide attempts made by 941 girls were included. Analyses of the total data from all centres showed that young people with a history of previous suicide attempt and those using violent methods had significantly higher chance of being recommended aftercare than first-time attempters or those choosing self-poisoning. There were no significant differences of being recommended care between genders. Logistic regression analyses of the material were performed and the results were similar. Both having previous attempted suicide (odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.53-2.61) and using "hard" methods (odds ratio 1.71, 95% CI 1.49-1.96) were significantly associated with increased possibility of being recommended aftercare. When individual centres were analysed, large disparities of recommended care after suicide attempts were found and there were no uniform criteria of recommending care for young suicide attempters in Europe.
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| 7. |
- Michel, K, et al.
(författare)
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Methods used for parasuicide : results of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 35:4, s. 156-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need, especially for areas with high frequencies for certain methods, to understand the factors involved and to develop new and specific prevention projects and to monitor their effects. The WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide has proved to be a useful and reliable instrument for continuous monitoring of trends in parasuicide.
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