| 1. |
- Sammelselg, V, et al.
(författare)
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Study of thin oxide films by electron, ion and synchrotron radiation beams
- 2002
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Ingår i: Microchimica Acta. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-5073 .- 0026-3672. ; 139:1-4, s. 165-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium oxide and zirconium oxide thin films deposited on silicon substrates were characterised using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (TOF-ERDA) and scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM). The composition and mass thickness of the films were determined and the results of different methods compared. It was revealed that the synchrotron radiation used for SPEM studies caused considerable modification of zirconia films grown at low temperatures.
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| 2. |
- Rauhala, A S, et al.
(författare)
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Which factors are associated with COVID-19 infection incidence in care services for older people in Nordic countries? : A cross-sectional survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate the differences between Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway regarding residential/home care units' and frontline managers' background factors, the resources allocated and measures taken during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether and how these differences were associated with COVID-19 among older people in residential/home units.Methods: Register- and survey-based data. Responses from managers in municipal and private residential/home units. Number of municipal COVID-19 cases from national registries. Multilevel logistic multivariate regression analysis with presence of COVID-19 among older people in residential/home units as the outcome variable.Results: The proportions of residential/home units with client COVID-19 cases, mid-March-April 2020 were Denmark 22.7%, Finland 9.0%, Norway 9.7% and Sweden 38.8%, most cases found in clusters. The proportions were similar among employees. Client likelihood of having COVID-19 was six-fold higher if the employees had COVID-19. Mean client cases per residential/home unit were Denmark 0.78, Finland 0.46, Norway 0.22 and Sweden 1.23. For the same municipal infection incidence class, Sweden's mean client infection levels were three-fold those of other countries. The regression analysis variables country, municipal COVID-19 incidence proportion, and care type were associated with client cases at p <= .001. Compared with Denmark, the odds ratios (ORs) for Sweden, Norway and Finland were 1.86, 0.41 and 0.35 respectively. The variable difficulties in preventive testing had an OR of 1.56, p <= .05.Conclusions: Municipal COVID-19 incidence, employee cases, and the lack of testing resources somewhat explained the confirmed COVID-19 cases among older people in residential/home units. A two- to five-fold unexplained inter-country difference in ORs in the multivariate analyses was notable. The level of protection of vulnerable older clients in municipal and private residential/home units differed between the included countries.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Mustjoki, S., et al.
(författare)
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Clonal expansion of T/NK-cells during tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib therapy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 23:8, s. 1398-1405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dasatinib, a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), predominantly targets BCR-ABL and SRC oncoproteins and also inhibits off-target kinases, which may result in unexpected drug responses. We identified 22 patients with marked lymphoproliferation in blood while on dasatinib therapy. Clonality and immunophenotype were analyzed and related clinical information was collected. An abrupt lymphocytosis (peak count range 4-20 x 10(9)/l) with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology was observed after a median of 3 months from the start of therapy and it persisted throughout the therapy. Fifteen patients had a cytotoxic T-cell and seven patients had an NK-cell phenotype. All T-cell expansions were clonal. Adverse effects, such as colitis and pleuritis, were common (18 of 22 patients) and were preceded by LGL lymphocytosis. Accumulation of identical cytotoxic T cells was also detected in pleural effusion and colon biopsy samples. Responses to dasatinib were good and included complete, unexpectedly long-lasting remissions in patients with advanced leukemia. In a phase II clinical study on 46 Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patients with lymphocytosis had superior survival compared with patients without lymphocytosis. By inhibiting immunoregulatory kinases, dasatinib may induce a reversible state of aberrant immune reactivity associated with good clinical responses and a distinct adverse effect profile. Leukemia (2009) 23, 1398-1405; doi:10.1038/leu.2009.46; published online 19 March 2009
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| 5. |
- Rauhala, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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Change in brain amyloid load and cognition in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment : a 3-year follow-up study
- 2022
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer. - 2191-219X. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Our aim was to investigate the discriminative value of 18F-Flutemetamol PET in longitudinal assessment of amyloid beta accumulation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients, in relation to longitudinal cognitive changes.Methods: We investigated the change in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and cognitive impairment in aMCI patients over time up to 3 years which enabled us to investigate possible association between changes in brain amyloid load and cognition over time. Thirty-four patients with aMCI (mean age 73.4 years, SD 6.6) were examined with 18F-Flutemetamol PET scan, brain MRI and cognitive tests at baseline and after 3-year follow-up or earlier if the patient had converted to Alzheimer´s disease (AD). 18F-Flutemetamol data were analyzed both with automated region-of-interest analysis and voxel-based statistical parametric mapping.Results: 18F-flutemetamol uptake increased during the follow-up, and the increase was significantly higher in patients who were amyloid positive at baseline as compared to the amyloid-negative ones. At follow-up, there was a significant association between 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and MMSE, logical memory I (immediate recall), logical memory II (delayed recall) and verbal fluency. An association was seen between the increase in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and decline in MMSE and logical memory I scores.Conclusions: In the early phase of aMCI, presence of amyloid pathology at baseline strongly predicted amyloid accumulation during follow-up, which was further paralleled by cognitive declines. Inversely, some of our patients remained amyloid negative also at the end of the study without significant change in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake or cognition. Future studies with longer follow-up are needed to distinguish whether the underlying pathophysiology of aMCI in such patients is other than AD.
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| 6. |
- Ronka, N., et al.
(författare)
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Near panmixia at the distribution-wide scale but evidence of genetic differentiation in a geographically isolated population of the Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ibis. - : Wiley. - 0019-1019. ; 161:3, s. 632-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Populations from different parts of a species range may vary in their genetic structure, variation and dynamics. Geographically isolated populations or those located at the periphery of the range may differ from those located in the core of the range. Such peripheral populations may harbour genetic variation important for the adaptive potential of the species. We studied the distribution-wide population genetic structure of the Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus using 13 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. In addition, we estimated whether genetic variation changes from the core towards the edge of the breeding range. We used the results to evaluate the management needs of the sampled populations. Distribution-wide genetic structure was negligible; the only population that showed significant genetic differentiation was the geographically isolated Dnieper River basin population in Eastern Europe. The genetic variation of microsatellites decreased towards the edge of the distribution, supporting the abundant-centre hypotheses in which the core area of the distribution preserves the most genetic variation; however, no such trend could be seen with mtDNA. Overall genetic variation was low and there were signs of past population contractions followed by expansion; this pattern is found in most northern waders. The current effective population size (N-e) is large, and therefore global conservation measures are not necessary. However, the marginal Dnieper River population needs to be considered its own management unit. In addition, the Finnish population warrants conservation actions due to its extremely small size and degree of isolation from the main range, which makes it vulnerable to genetic depletion.
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| 7. |
- Rönkä, N., et al.
(författare)
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Panmixia at a distribution-wide scale but indications of genetic differentiation in isolated populations of the Terek Sandpiper (Xenus cinereus)
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Wader Study Group Conference 2016, 9-12 September 2016, Trabolgan, Cork, Ireland.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Populations at different parts of the species range may vary in their population dynamics and in their genetic structure and variation. Geographically separated populations or those located at the edge of the range may differ from the populations located at the core, or even be independent of them. The peripheral populations may hold genetic variation that is important for the adaptive potential of the species and therefore be of special conservation value. We studied the distribution-wide population genetic structure of the Terek Sandpiper (Xenus cinereus) using 13 microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial DNA markers: the control region and cytochrome oxidase I (COI). We evaluated the difference in genetic variation between the peripheral and core populations. Specifically, we sought signs of changes in population sizes and evaluated the management need of the populations. Distribution-wide differentiation was negligible, but geographically isolated populations in Finland and Dnieper River basin in Eastern Europe were differentiated from the main range. Edge populations had lower genetic variation than populations at the core when estimated with microsatellites and the COI, supporting the hypotheses where the core area of the distribution preserves the most variation. However, no such trend was observed with the control region data, which follows the model of no change throughout the distribution. The differences between the markers may reflect their different mutation rates, or be linked to the species’ dispersal behaviour. Our results revealed low overall nucleotide diversity and signs of past population contractions followed by expansion. Although the estimated current effective population size is large and therefore global conservation measures are not needed, the Finnish and Dnieper River basin populations nevertheless warrant management actions – not only because they may possess variation not present anywhere else, but also due to their smallness and large distances to the main range.
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| 8. |
- Westermann, D., et al.
(författare)
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Voltage source converter (VSC) HVDC for bulk power transmission - Technology and planning method
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010. ACDC. 9th IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission. - : IET. - 9781849193085
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the value of additional functionality of any new power technology is very case dependent, it is not possible to make general comments on the economics of VSC HVDC applications for bulk power transmission without considering alternatives. Therefore, the paper presents a methodology which can be used to evaluate different investment options, based on the investment cost, the operational costs and a way to include the "non-component based" costs and returns.
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