| 1. |
- Nettleton, Jennifer A, et al.
(författare)
-
Gene x dietary pattern interactions in obesity : analysis of up to 68 317 adults of European ancestry
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 24:16, s. 4728-4738
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is highly heritable. Genetic variants showing robust associationswith obesity traits have been identified through genome wide association studies. We investigated whether a composite score representing healthy diet modifies associations of these variants with obesity traits. Totally, 32 body mass index (BMI)- and 14 waist-hip ratio (WHR)-associated single nucleotide polymorphismswere genotyped, and genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated in 18 cohorts of European ancestry (n = 68 317). Diet score was calculated based on self-reported intakes of whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages and fried potatoes (unfavorable). Multivariable adjusted, linear regression within each cohort followed by inverse variance-weighted, fixed-effects meta-analysis was used to characterize: (a) associations of each GRS with BMI and BMI-adjustedWHR and (b) diet score modification of genetic associations with BMI and BMI-adjusted WHR. Nominally significant interactions (P = 0.006-0.04) were observed between the diet score and WHR-GRS (but not BMI-GRS), two WHR loci (GRB14 rs10195252; LYPLAL1 rs4846567) and two BMI loci (LRRN6C rs10968576; MTIF3 rs4771122), for the respective BMI-adjustedWHR or BMI outcomes. Although the magnitudes of these select interactions were small, our data indicated that associations between genetic predisposition and obesity traits were stronger with a healthier diet. Our findings generate interesting hypotheses; however, experimental and functional studies are needed to determine their clinical relevance.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hertel, Jens K., et al.
(författare)
-
FTO, Type 2 Diabetes, and Weight Gain Throughout Adult Life A Meta-Analysis of 41,504 Subjects From the Scandinavian HUNT, MDC, and MPP Studies
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 60:5, s. 1637-1644
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE-FTO is the most important polygene identified for obesity. We aimed to investigate whether a variant in FTO affects type 2 diabetes risk entirely through its effect on BMI and how FTO) influences BMI across adult life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Through regression models, we assessed the relationship between the FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms rs9939609, type 2 diabetes, and BMI across life span in subjects from the Norwegian population-based HUNT study using cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives. For replication and meta-analysis, we used data from the Malmo Diet and Cancer (MDC) and Malmo Preventive Project (MPP) cohorts, comprising a total sample of 41,504 Scandinavians. RESULTS-The meta-analysis revealed a highly significant association for rs9939609 with both type 2 diabetes (OR 1.13; P = 4.5 x 10(-8)) and the risk to develop incident type 2 diabetes (OR 1.16; P = 3.2 x 10(-8)). The associations remained also after correction for BMI and other anthropometric measures. Furthermore, we confirmed the strong effect on BMI (0.28 kg/m(2) per risk allele; P = 2.0 x 10(-26), with no heterogeneity between different age-groups. We found no differences in change of BMI over time according to rs9939609 risk alleles, neither overall (Delta BMI = 0.0 [-0.05, 0.05]) nor in any individual age stratum, indicating no further weight gain attributable to FTO genotype in adults. CONCLUSIONS-We have identified that a variant in FTO alters type 2 diabetes risk partly independent of its observed effect on BMI. The additional weight gain as a result of the FTO risk variant seems to occur before adulthood, and the BMI difference remains stable thereafter. Diabetes 60:1637-1644, 2011
|
|
| 3. |
- Ismail, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Levels and Potential Health Hazards of Chlorinated Pesticidesin Surface Water Samples of Charsadda Area of Pakistan Using SPME-GC-ECD Technique
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Water S.A.. - : MDPI. - 0378-4738 .- 1816-7950. ; 13, s. 1-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we determined the levels of chlorinated pesticide residues in surfacewater samples collected from the Charsadda district (KPK, Pakistan). SPME-GC-ECD with COMBIPAL CTC autosampler was used for extraction and analysis of 20 organochlorine pesticides in thecollected water samples. For maximum efficiency of the SPME procedure, several parameters werestudied, including the extraction and desorption time of the fiber, solution pH, agitation of samples,and stirring speed, etc. This method showed good liner response, with R2 values in the range of0.9887 to 0.9999 for all pesticides. This method also provided good percent recoveries at 1 µg L−1(87.5to 106.0%) and at 2 µg L−1(88.5 to 109.2%). Lower limits of detection for all 20 chlorinated pesticideswere found to be lower than their maximum permissible contamination levels. Approximately 50%of the surface water samples collected from the Charsadda district were found to be contaminatedwith the pesticides γ-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin and dieldrin, with maximum concentrations of 0.023,0.108, 0.014 and 0.013 µg L−1, respectively. For adults and children, the cancer risk from water dueto contamination by various pesticides ranged from 0 to 33.29 × 10−6. The non-carcinogenic riskfrom each pollutant in the water samples of the Charsadda district was found to be in the order ofheptachlor > aldrin > dieldrin > γ-BHC. However, the pesticides α-BHC, β-BHC, heptachlor epoxide,chlordane, endrin, 4,40-DDD, endrin ketone, 4,40-DDT, endosulfan sulfate and methoxychlor werenot detected in any of the surface water samples of investigated in the present study.
|
|
| 4. |
- Norby, Faye L, et al.
(författare)
-
Association of Lipid-Related Genetic Variants with the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation : The AFGen Consortium
- 2016
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown associations between blood lipid levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). To test the potential effect of blood lipids with AF risk, we assessed whether previously developed lipid gene scores, used as instrumental variables, are associated with the incidence of AF in 7 large cohorts.METHODS: We analyzed 64,901 individuals of European ancestry without previous AF at baseline and with lipid gene scores. Lipid-specific gene scores, based on loci significantly associated with lipid levels, were calculated. Additionally, non-pleiotropic gene scores for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) were calculated using SNPs that were only associated with the specific lipid fraction. Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of AF per 1-standard deviation (SD) increase of each lipid gene score.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 12.0 years, 5434 (8.4%) incident AF cases were identified. After meta-analysis, the HDLc, LDLc, total cholesterol, and triglyceride gene scores were not associated with incidence of AF. Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) were 1.01 (0.98-1.03); 0.98 (0.96-1.01); 0.98 (0.95-1.02); 0.99 (0.97-1.02), respectively. Similarly, non-pleiotropic HDLc and LDLc gene scores showed no association with incident AF: HR (95% CI) = 1.00 (0.97-1.03); 1.01 (0.99-1.04).CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort study of individuals of European ancestry, gene scores for lipid fractions were not associated with incident AF.
|
|
