| 1. |
- Calvert, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in preterm birth and stillbirth during COVID-19 lockdowns in 26 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-3374. ; 7:4, s. 529-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. Changes in PTB rates, ranging from -90% to +30%, were reported in many countries following early COVID-19 pandemic response measures ('lockdowns'). It is unclear whether this variation reflects real differences in lockdown impacts, or perhaps differences in stillbirth rates and/or study designs. Here we present interrupted time series and meta-analyses using harmonized data from 52 million births in 26 countries, 18 of which had representative population-based data, with overall PTB rates ranging from 6% to 12% and stillbirth ranging from 2.5 to 10.5 per 1,000 births. We show small reductions in PTB in the first (odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.95-0.98, P value <0.0001), second (0.96, 0.92-0.99, 0.03) and third (0.97, 0.94-1.00, 0.09) months of lockdown, but not in the fourth month of lockdown (0.99, 0.96-1.01, 0.34), although there were some between-country differences after the first month. For high-income countries in this study, we did not observe an association between lockdown and stillbirths in the second (1.00, 0.88-1.14, 0.98), third (0.99, 0.88-1.12, 0.89) and fourth (1.01, 0.87-1.18, 0.86) months of lockdown, although we have imprecise estimates due to stillbirths being a relatively rare event. We did, however, find evidence of increased risk of stillbirth in the first month of lockdown in high-income countries (1.14, 1.02-1.29, 0.02) and, in Brazil, we found evidence for an association between lockdown and stillbirth in the second (1.09, 1.03-1.15, 0.002), third (1.10, 1.03-1.17, 0.003) and fourth (1.12, 1.05-1.19, <0.001) months of lockdown. With an estimated 14.8 million PTB annually worldwide, the modest reductions observed during early pandemic lockdowns translate into large numbers of PTB averted globally and warrant further research into causal pathways.
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| 2. |
- De Backer, Guy, et al.
(författare)
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A short history of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 29:9, s. 1301-1308
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The EAPC is now fit to address future challenges with a unified organization and strong multidisciplinary leadership together with the EJPC, the annual ESC Preventive Cardiology Congress, strong representation of preventive cardiology in the annual ESC Congresses, the ESC Textbook and Handbook of Preventive Cardiology, postgraduate educational activities, position papers and involvement in guidelines related to all aspects of preventive cardiology together with accreditations and a core curriculum for preventive cardiology as major assets under a common brand addressing primordial, primary, and secondary prevention of CVD.
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| 3. |
- KC, Ashish, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in preterm birth and stillbirth during COVID-19 lockdowns in 26 countries.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature human behaviour. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3374. ; 7:4, s. 529-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. Changes in PTB rates, ranging from -90% to +30%, were reported in many countries following early COVID-19 pandemic response measures ('lockdowns'). It is unclear whether this variation reflects real differences in lockdown impacts, or perhaps differences in stillbirth rates and/or study designs. Here we present interrupted time series and meta-analyses using harmonized data from 52 million births in 26 countries, 18 of which had representative population-based data, with overall PTB rates ranging from 6% to 12% and stillbirth ranging from 2.5 to 10.5 per 1,000 births. We show small reductions in PTB in the first (odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.95-0.98, P value <0.0001), second (0.96, 0.92-0.99, 0.03) and third (0.97, 0.94-1.00, 0.09) months of lockdown, but not in the fourth month of lockdown (0.99, 0.96-1.01, 0.34), although there were some between-country differences after the first month. For high-income countries in this study, we did not observe an association between lockdown and stillbirths in the second (1.00, 0.88-1.14, 0.98), third (0.99, 0.88-1.12, 0.89) and fourth (1.01, 0.87-1.18, 0.86) months of lockdown, although we have imprecise estimates due to stillbirths being a relatively rare event. We did, however, find evidence of increased risk of stillbirth in the first month of lockdown in high-income countries (1.14, 1.02-1.29, 0.02) and, in Brazil, we found evidence for an association between lockdown and stillbirth in the second (1.09, 1.03-1.15, 0.002), third (1.10, 1.03-1.17, 0.003) and fourth (1.12, 1.05-1.19, <0.001) months of lockdown. With an estimated 14.8 million PTB annually worldwide, the modest reductions observed during early pandemic lockdowns translate into large numbers of PTB averted globally and warrant further research into causal pathways.
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| 4. |
- Lidell, Evy, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in European women following myocardial infarction : A cross-sectional study
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - London, UK : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 14:4, s. 326-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Coronary heart disease is a major contributor to women's health problems. Design: Self-perceived social support, well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQL) were documented in the cross-sectional HeartQoL survey of European women one and six months after a myocardial infarction. Methods: European women were recruited in 18 European countries and grouped into four geographical regions (Southern Europe, Northern Europe, Western Europe and Eastern Europe). Continuous socio-demographic variables and categorical variables were compared by age and region with ANOVA and (2), respectively; multiple regression models were used to identify predictors of social support, well-being and HRQL. Results: Women living in the Eastern European region rated social support, well-being and HRQL significantly lower than women in the other regions. Older women had lower physical HRQL scores than younger women. Eastern European women rated social support, well-being and HRQL significantly lower than women in the other regions. Prediction of the dependent variables (social support, well-being and HRQL) by socio-demographic factors varied by total group, in the older age group, and by region; body mass index and managerial responsibility were the most consistent significant predictors.
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| 5. |
- Perk, Joep, et al.
(författare)
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The 10-year anniversary of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation : achievements and challenges
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 22:10, s. 1340-1345
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On the occasion of the 2014 European Society of Cardiology annual congress in Barcelona the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) will celebrate its 10-year anniversary, having been initiated in Munich in 2004. In this article each EACPR president gives their personal recollections and views on the main achievements under their leadership and discusses the challenges for preventive cardiology that still lay ahead.
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| 6. |
- Salvador, Dante, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in fasting plasma glucose and subclinical atherosclerosis : a cohort study from VIPVIZA trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Studies on the influence of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on the development of carotid plaque (CP) and intima media thickness (CIMT) mainly focused on single FPG measures. We investigated whether changes in FPG (ΔFPG) are associated with incident CP and CIMT change (ΔCIMT) over time.Methods: Analyses were based on information from 1896 participants from the VIPVIZA trial (Visualization of asymptomatic atherosclerotic disease for optimum cardiovascular prevention), with baseline and 3-year follow-up data on FPG, ultrasonographic CP (none or ≥1 lesion/s) and CIMT assessments. We studied the association between baseline FPG (prior to intervention) or 3-year ΔFPG (mmol/L) and incident CP (logistic regression) or ΔCIMT (linear regression). Analyses were adjusted for multiple potential confounders.Results: 1896 and 873 individuals, respectively, were included in the analysis on incident CP and ΔCIMT. Participants were 60 years old at baseline and 61% and 54% were females, in the CP and CIMT analyses, respectively. Every mmol/L increase in FPG was associated with an increased odds of incident CP (odds ratio: 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17, 1.73), but there was no association with ΔCIMT (mean difference: 0.002 mm, 95% CI: −0.003, 0.008) after 3 years. Baseline FPG was not associated with incident CP nor ΔCIMT progression.Conclusions: In middle-aged individuals with low to moderate risk for cardiovascular diseases, 3-year ΔFPG was positively associated with the risk of incident CP, but not with ΔCIMT. Single measures of FPG may not be sufficient in estimating cardiovascular risk among individuals with low to moderate risk.
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