| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of volatile primary and secondary amines as NIT (naphthylisothiocyanate) derivatives
- 2004
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Ingår i: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : Springer. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 378:4, s. 932-939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection was used for the structure elucidation of eighteen primary and secondary amines and ammonia derivatised with naphthylisothiocyanate (NIT). A fragmentation scheme was established using reference compounds and the scheme was applied to real air samples from a tyre repair shop and from the air above a bacterial culture. The sampling was performed using a solid sorbent, XAD-2, impregnated with NIT, and the derivatives were extracted with acetonitrile and analysed with LC-MS/MS. A three-step process was developed for screening and identifying of volatile amines. The first step, selected reaction monitoring; SRM was applied in order to screen the samples for NIT derivatives. In the second step, a precursor ion scan gave the [M+H]+ ion, and in the third step a product ion scan gave the fragments needed for identification. The detection limits varied between 0.12 and 0.25 ng μL−1 when screening for unknown derivatised amines. It was possible to separate and identify all the amines with the structural information obtained and the method proved to be general, sensitive and well suited for sampling and analysis of complex environmental samples.
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| 3. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on perceived air quality and symptoms of exposure to microbially produced metabolites and compounds emitted from damp building materials
- 2009
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Ingår i: Indoor Air. - : The Authors Journal compilation. - 0905-6947 .- 1600-0668. ; 19:2, s. 102-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work investigated perceived air quality and health effects fromexposure to low to high levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emittedfrom damp building materials and a mixture of molds growing on the materials.A mixture of Wallemia sebi, Fusarium culmorum, Penicillium chrysogenum,Ulocladium botrytis, and Aspergillus versicolor was inoculated on pine wood andparticle board. In Study 1, each of 27 participants took part in two exposureconditions, one with air from molds growing on building materials (low levels ofemissions from the building materials and the mold mixture) and one with blankair, both conditions during 60 min. In Study 2, each of 24 participants wasexposed (10 min) four times in a 2 · 2 design randomly to air from moldybuilding materials (high levels) and blank, with and without nose-clip. Theparticipants rated air quality and symptoms before, during, and after eachexposure. Self-reported tear-film break-up time and attention and processingspeed (Study 1) was also measured. Exposure to high VOC levels increased thereports of perceived poor air quality, and in the condition without nose-clipenhanced skin symptoms were also noted. No such outcome was observed whenexposing the participants to low VOC levels.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Volatile metabolites from microorganisms grown on humid building materials and synthetic media
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 4:5, s. 667-672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth of different microorganisms is often related to dampness in buildings. Both fungi and bacteria produce complicated mixtures of volatile organic compounds that include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds etc. Microbially produced substances are one possible explanation of odour problems and negative health effects in buildings affected by microbial growth. A mixture of five fungi, Aspergillus versicolor, Fusarium culmorum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Ulocladium botrytis and Wallemia sebi were grown on three different humid building materials (pinewood, particle board and gypsum board) and on one synthetic medium. Six different sampling methods were used, to be able to collect both non-reactive volatile organic compounds and reactive compounds such as volatile amines, aldehydes and carboxylic acids. Analysis was performed using gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and ion chromatography, mass spectrometry was used for identification of compounds. The main microbially produced metabolites found on pinewood were ketones (e.g. 2-heptanone) and alcohols (e.g. 2-methyl-1-propanol). Some of these compounds were also found on particle board, gypsum board and the synthetic medium, but there were more differences than similarities between the materials. For example, dimethoxymethane and 1,3,5-trioxepane and some nitrogen containing compounds were found only on particle board. The metabolite production on gypsum board was very low, although some terpenes (e.g. 3-carene) could be identified as fungal metabolites. On all materials, except gypsum board, the emission of aldehydes decreased during microbial growth. No low molecular weight carboxylic acids were identified.
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| 6. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-
(författare)
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Volatile organic compounds from microorganisms : identification and health effects
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Damp building materials are subjected to degradation processes due to moisture and also microbial growth, with both of these giving rise to emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may contribute to indoor air health problems. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate emissions of reactive and non-reactive VOCs from damp building materials and from the microorganisms growing on them, and also to investigate the possible health impact of these compounds. Three studies were carried out in order to study emissions of VOCs. The first investigated emissions from a mixture of five fungi (Aspergillus versicolor, Fusarium culmorum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Ulocladium botrytis and Wallemia sebi) and the second emissions from the bacterium Streptomyces albidoflavus. In both studies the microorganisms were cultivated on three different building materials (pine wood, particle board and gypsum board) and one synthetic media, MEA and TGEA respectively. The bacterium was also cultivated on sand. Air samples from the cultures were collected on six different adsorbents and chemosorbents to sample a wide range of compounds such as VOCs, aldehydes, amines and light-weight organic acids. The samples were analyzed with gas chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography and ion chromatography. Mass spectrometry was used for identification of the compounds. Alcohols and ketones were the predominant compound groups identified. The bacterial culture growing on TGEA emitted ammonia, methylamine, diethylamine and ethylamine. The third study dealt with secondary emissions collected from buildings with moisture and mould problems. Samples were taken when the materials were dry and also after they had been wet for a week. Most alcohols and ketones could be identified from the wet materials. Trimethylamine and triethylamine, were identified from sand contaminated by Bacillus. One study looked at the development of a method for analysis of primary and secondary amines with LC-MS/MS. A three-step process was developed, with the first step screening the samples for NIT derivatives with selected reaction monitoring, SRM. In the second step a precursor ion scan gave the [M+H]+ ion, and the last step involved fragmentation with a product ion scan. It was possible to separate and identify all the investigated amines, which showed that the method was both specific and selective and therefore well suited for the analysis of amines in complex environments. The last study comprised two exposure studies. In study 1 each participant took part in two exposure conditions, one with air from mouldy building materials and one with blank air for a 60 minute period. In study 2 each participant was exposed four times (for a period of 10 min) at random to air from mouldy building materials and blank air, with and without nose-clip. The participants rated air quality and symptoms before, during and after each exposure. Exposure to moderate VOC levels resulted in reports of perceived poor air quality, but no such results were received when exposing the participants to low VOC levels.
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| 7. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from materials collected from buildings affected by microorganisms
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 9:3, s. 240-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study mould damaged materials, including carpet, concrete, gypsum board, insulation, plastic, sand and wood, from 20 different buildings with moisture problems were collected. To study emissions from these materials both conventional methods for sampling, such as collection on Tenax TA, were used as well as complementary methods for sampling a wider spectrum of compounds, such as more volatile VOCs, amines and aldehydes. Analysis was carried out using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Mass spectrometry was used for identification of compounds. Alcohols and ketones were almost exclusively emitted from the materials after they had been wet for a week. Acids were also emitted in large quantities from wet gypsum board and plastic. No primary or secondary amines could be identified, but two tertiary amines, trimethylamine and triethylamine, were emitted from sand contaminated by Bacillus. The most common moulds found were Penicillium and Aspergillus. A multivariate method (partial least squares, PLS) was used to investigate the emission patterns from the materials. Materials with bacterial growth had a different VOC profile to those with only mould growth.
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| 8. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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A novel approach to evaluation of adsorbents for sampling indoor volatile organic compounds associated with symptom reports
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 10:11, s. 1297-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses problems that complicate attempts to compare methods when several factors may be associated with an effect, but it is not known which factors are relevant. Chemicals that may contribute to 'sick building syndrome' (SBS), and thus should be sampled in investigations of SBS, are not currently known. A study was undertaken to compare the utility of three adsorbents (Carbopack B, Chromosorb 106 and Tenax TA) for detecting differences in personal chemical exposure to volatile organic compounds in indoor air, between persons with and without SBS symptoms (cases and controls). On the basis of office workers' responses to a questionnaire, 15 cases and 15 controls were chosen. They simultaneously carried diffusive samplers with adsorbents during a week at work, and the acquired samples were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The adsorbents were then compared in terms of their ability to separate cases and controls in partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models. This method of comparison takes into account detected differences in chemical exposure between cases and controls measured with the different adsorbents. Tenax TA gave the best PLS-DA models for separating cases and controls, but a combination of measurements with Tenax TA and Carbopack B gave better PLS-DA models than models based on measurements from either adsorbent alone. Adding measurements from Chromosorb 106 did not improve the results.
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| 9. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Association of exposure to ozone, formaldehyde, NO2 and terpenes with reported symptoms in office workers
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A number of risk factors for “sick building syndrome” (SBS) are known, including poor ventilation, but the associated substances in the air that are removed by ventilation are unknown. In this study the exposure of office workers to formaldehyde, d-limonene, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and α-pinene at work and at home was measured during a working week. Data on symptoms were obtained by analyzing responses to a questionnaire and participants were divided into cases and controls. We found no significant differences in chemical exposure between cases and controls. However, correlations were found between a number of individual symptoms and exposure to specific substances or combinations of substances.
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| 10. |
- Glas, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three adsorbents for diffusive sampling of airborne volatile organic compounds in office environments
- 2005
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Ingår i: Indoor air 2005. - Beijing : Tsinghua university press. ; , s. 2713-2717
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Volatile organic compounds were personally sampled by people classified as cases (people having certain SBS symptoms) and controls, i.e. people not fulfilling the criteria's for cases. The aim of the study was to find out which adsorbent that gave the best separation between SBS cases and controls based on their chemical exposure of VOCs. The statistical method used was partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The adsorbents compared were Carbopack B, Chromosorb 106 and Tenax TA. The study included 30 office workers wearing diffusive samplers during one working week. The samplers were analysed with thermal desorption-GC-MS, and each chromatographic peak was included in the data evaluation. Tenax TA gave the best separation between cases and controls with a Q(2) = 0.434 and R(2)Y = 0.873 for three components. Analyses of samples taken with Carbopack B and Chromosorb 106 showed no ability to discriminate between the two classes.
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