| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Gao, Song, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative relation mining of customer reviews based on a hybrid CSR method
- 2023
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Ingår i: Connection science (Print). - : Taylor & Francis. - 0954-0091 .- 1360-0494. ; 35:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online reviews contain comparative opinions that reveal the competitive relationships of related products, help identify the competitiveness of products in the marketplace, and influence consumers’ purchasing choices. The Class Sequence Rule (CSR) method, which is previously commonly used to identify the comparative relations of reviews, suffers from low recognition efficiency and inaccurate generation of rules. In this paper, we improve on the CSR method by proposing a hybrid CSR method, which utilises dependency relations and the part-of-speech to identify frequent sequence patterns in customer reviews, which can reduce manual intervention and reinforce sequence rules in the relation mining process. Such a method outperforms CSR and other CSR-based models with an F-value of 84.67%. In different experiments, we find that the method is characterised by less time-consuming and efficient in generating sequence patterns, as the dependency direction helps to reduce the sequence length. In addition, this method also performs well in implicit relation mining for extracting comparative information that lacks obvious rules. In this study, the optimal CSR method is applied to automatically capture the deeper features of comparative relations, thus improving the process of recognising explicit and implicit comparative relations.
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| 3. |
- Gao, Song, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative relation mining of online reviews: a hierarchical multi-attention network model
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mobile Communications. - : INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD. - 1470-949X .- 1741-5217. ; 22:2, s. 212-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative relations behind online reviews contain rich information concerning customers assessments of different products or services, thereby supporting upcoming consumers purchase decisions, as well as helping to identify enterprises market competitiveness. Instead of using the pattern recognition method, this paper proposes a hierarchical multi-attention network (HMAN) model to extract the comparative relations, in order to greatly reduce the requirements of artificial features and the manual annotation in the relation mining process. Such model outperforms both traditional classification models and text classification models in terms of accuracy, with its F1-score up to 81%. Besides, the proposed model has a good performance on extracting comparative relations from long texts where comparison information is relatively scattered. In this study, we visualise results of different experiments in order to demonstrate the interpretability of this model, and furthermore explore the mechanism of multi-attention method in comparative relations mining. This study applies the deep learning method instead of pattern recognition to automatically capture deep features of comparative relations, and therefore it redefines the identification process of comparative relations.
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| 4. |
- Ji, Jingjing, et al.
(författare)
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Developing Halogen-Free Polymer Donors for Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells by Addition of Highly Electron-Deficient Diketopyrrolopyrrole Unit
- 2021
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Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : Wiley. - 2367-198X. ; 5:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-performance polymer donors when paired with nonfullerene acceptors are mainly limited to flanking halogenated benzodithiophene (BDT)-based π-conjugated copolymers, which however involve complex synthetic procedures. Herein, a series of halogen-free polymer donors that link BDT moiety with two highly electron-deficient benzodithiophene-dione (BDD) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units with various molar ratios is developed. Compared with the benchmark PBDB-T donor containing BDD unit, additional incorporation of a stronger electron-negative DPP unit markedly lowers frontier molecular orbital levels and extends optical absorption, potentially leading to simultaneously enhanced VOC and JSC in organic solar cells. A remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.28% is thus obtained in the optimal P75 (BDD : DPP = 3:1 mol%) and Y6 blend cells in comparison with the reference PBDB-T:Y6 (9.20%). A slight addition of PC71BM into the blend is found to further generate finer phase-separated domains and thus increase the best efficiency up to 12.20%. The subtly critical roles of PC71BM are determined by transient absorption measurements on both thin-film and in situ devices to be the prolonged free charge carrier lifetime and the shallow charge transfer states, which enhance JSC and fill factor in the device, respectively.
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| 5. |
- Ning, Zhongrui, et al.
(författare)
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Wetter trend in source region of Yangtze River by runoff simulating based on Grid-RCCC-WBM
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - 0022-1694. ; 631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploring the future hydroclimatic conditions of source region of Yangtze River (SRYaR), an alpine affected by climate change significantly, is essential for basin water resources management and development ss global climate change intensifies and the process of climate warming and humidification in Northwest China. This study proposed a practical framework for assessing water resource response to the context of climate changes in alpine catchments from the respective of both runoff and hydroclimatic conditions. Utilizing Grid-RCCC-WBM driven by corrected climatic forcing from the global climate models, this study estimate the prospective overall warmer and wetter pattern in the source region of Yangtze River. The key results indicated that: (1) Under all future scenarios, both temperature and precipitation within the catchment exhibit a significant upward trend. Projections from multi-model ensembles (MME) suggest that during the mid-term period (2041–2060, MT), temperatures are expected to rise by [0.74 °C, 3.08 °C] compared to the baseline period (1995–2014), with precipitation changes ranging from [4.8%, 21.4%]. (2) Future runoff within the catchment exhibits a consistent increase, with a linear trend rate of 1.1 mm/decade. runoff changes in MT compared to the baseline period vary from [−5.1%, 33.7%]. Runoff decreases in the northern part of the catchment, while notable increases occur in the southeastern and western regions. (3) In the future, the ratio of catchment evaporation capacity to precipitation decreases in comparison to the baseline period with an augmentation in soil moisture, enhancing its capacity for water retention and reducing the conversion of precipitation to evaporation, resulting a wetting trend of the catchment. (4) The future snowpack in the catchment continues to decrease, with a significant reduction in both the proportion of snowfall relative to total precipitation and the proportion of snowmelt runoff relative to total runoff, the risk of water resources crisis in the watershed is escalating.
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| 6. |
- Sun, Jiaqi, et al.
(författare)
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Water-Energy-Food integrated management model under Uncertainty-A case study of Yulin City
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - 0022-1694 .- 1879-2707. ; 625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water, energy, and food are indispensable human survival and development resources. With the rapid development of the social economy, the systematic risk of water, energy, and food is becoming increasingly prominent. Water, energy, and food security are threatened to varying degrees. At the same time, water, energy, and food are interrelated, restricted, and interdependent. It is of great scientific significance to reveal and optimize the WEF (Water-Energy-Food) nexus. This study relied on Chance constrained programming and Fuzzy credibility constrained programming to deal with randomness and fuzziness in the WEF nexus. Meanwhile, based on Bi-level programming, aiming at minimizing water allocation and maximizing system benefits, a Water-Energy-Food Integrated Management Model to deal with multiple Uncertainties, called IMMU-WEF model was constructed. The model solved the critical effects of the randomness of water supply and the subjective fuzziness of water demand on water resources allocation, power generation, primary energy extraction, and food planting area. The results showed that the IMMU-WEF model could efficiently deal with the game between different departments in the resource management system, the random uncertainty expressed by probability density, and the fuzzy uncertainty caused by subjective factors. It can develop a stable management scheme for resource management. Applying the mode to Yulin City, China, it is found that water supply and demand fluctuation dramatically impacts on the WEF system benefit, water resources allocation, energy and food production. Specifically, the system benefit will increase over time, with a total benefit of 1974.04 × 108-1998.06 × 108 yuan (2021–2025), 3065.69 × 108-3100.50 × 108 yuan (2026–2030), and 4128.80 × 108-4191.07 × 108 yuan (2031–2035). Additionally, the system water allocation, primary energy extraction, power generation, and food planting are expected to increase over three time periods. With the increase of water supply in the future, the energy and food production in Yulin City show an increasing trend. It indicates that water shortage will continue to be a major problem in Yulin in the three periods, and that the city still needs to increase water supply and diversion projects to ensure energy security and food security. The results can provide an optimal management scheme for ensuring Yulin City’s water, energy, and food security.
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| 7. |
- Tang, Jiaqi, et al.
(författare)
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Neurobehavioral changes induced by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and the protective effects of vitamin E in Kunming mice
- 2015
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Ingår i: Toxicology Research. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2045-452X .- 2045-4538. ; 4:4, s. 1006-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer commonly used in PVC that may leach into the environment, and has been shown to adversely affect the health of humans and animals. We undertook a study to ascertain the neurotoxicity of DEHP in Kunming mice. This study included three rounds of testing. In the first round, Kunming mice were exposed to different concentrations of DEHP (0, 5, 50, 500 mg kg(-1) per day) after which their cognitive ability was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in tissue and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of brains were also measured. In the second round, vitamin E (50 mg kg(-1) per day) was given daily as an anti-oxidant via the intragastric route. Cognitive deficits and locomotor activity, as well as ROS and MDA contents were tested employing the same methods. In the third round, the depressive mood of mice after DEHP exposure (500 mg kg(-1) per day) was measured using the open field test, the tail suspension test, and the forced swim test. The main findings of this study include: (1) a statistical association exists between DEHP oral exposure and spatial learning (DEHP 500 mg kg(-1) per day) and memory (DEHP 50 mg kg(-1) per day) dysfunction as ascertained by an MWM test of Kunming mice. (2) A statistical association was also found between DEHP oral exposure (50 and 500 mg kg(-1) per day) and oxidative stress (ROS and MDA) of mouse brain tissue. (3) Co-administration of vitamin E (50 mg kg(-1) per day) diminishes the elevation of ROS and MDA induced by DEHP (50 mg kg(-1) per day) from significant levels to non-significant levels. (4) Co-administration of vitamin E (50 mg kg(-1) per day) protects against mouse memory dysfunction induced by DEHP (50 mg kg(-1) per day) from being significant to being not significant. (5) In the 5 mg kg(-1) per day DEHP exposure groups, oxidative stress in brain tissue, and neurobehavioral changes were not found. (6) High dose DEHP exposure (500 mg kg(-1) per day) may induce behavioral despair in mice. Conclusions: These data suggest that DEHP is neurotoxic with regard to cognitive ability and locomotor activity.
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| 8. |
- Yang, Jinglun, et al.
(författare)
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Robust and Large-Area Calix[4]pyrrole-Based Nanofilms Enabled by Air/DMSO Interfacial Self-Assembly-Confined Synthesis
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:2, s. 3336-3348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modular construction of defect-free nanofilms with a large area remains a challenge. Herein, we present a scalable strategy for the preparation of calix[4]pyrrole (C[4]P)-based nanofilms through acryl hydrazone reaction conducted in a tetrahydrazide calix[4]pyrrole (CPTH)-based self-assembled layer at the air/DMSO interface. With this strategy, robust, regenerable, and defect-free nanofilms with an exceptionally large area (?750 cm2) were constructed. The thickness and permeability of the film systems can be fine-tuned by varying the precursor concentration or by changing another building block. A typical nanofilm (C[4]P-TFB, ?67 nm) depicted high water flux (39.9 L m-2 h-1 under 1 M Na2SO4), narrow molecular weight cut-off value (?200 Da), and promising antifouling properties in the forward osmosis (FO) process. In addition, the nanofilms are stable over a wide pH range and tolerable to different organic solvents. Interestingly, the introduction of C[4]P endowed the nanofilms with both outstanding mechanical properties and unique group-selective separation capability, laying the foundation for wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical concentration.
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