| 1. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, Professor, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Individually tailored Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy for survivors of intimate partner violence : A randomized controlled pilot trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7829. ; 26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health concern worldwide and defined as behavior performed by spouses or other intimate partners that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) may be particularly useful for survivors of IPV for several reasons, including barriers pertaining to limited community recourses and treatment availability, safety concerns, and issues of stigma, guilt and shame, which may prevent members of this population from seeking help via face-to-face interactions. However, Internet interventions are lacking. The primary aim of the present randomized controlled pilot trial was to explore the feasibility of ICBT as guided self-help individually tailored to the predominant symptomatology of PTSD or depression in survivors of IPV. A second aim was to conduct a preliminary evaluation exploring the short- and long-term effects of the treatment in comparison to a waitlist control condition. Results showed that the treatment was feasible. Attrition rate was low (9.4%), and participants were satisfied with treatment. However, treatment adherence was moderate in terms of completed modules (62.5%). Results of the preliminary evaluation of treatment effects showed large and statistically significant between-group effect sizes (Cohen's d = 0.86–1.08) on some measures of PTSD and depression at post assessment, favoring the treatment condition. However, there were no effects on other measures. At follow-up assessment, when the control condition had received delayed treatment, there were large and statistically significant within-group effect sizes (d = 0.96–1.48) on measures of PTSD, depression and anxiety, and small effects (d = 0.48) on a measure of quality of life. The results of the present pilot study are promising and warrant further research on ICBT for this population.
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| 2. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, et al.
(författare)
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Adoptivföräldrar delar föräldrapenning jämnare
- 2013
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Ingår i: Välfärd : SCB:s tidskrift om arbetsliv, demografi och välfärd. - 1651-6710. ; :3, s. 28-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, et al.
(författare)
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How long is a parental leave and for whom? An analysis of methodological and policy dimensions of leave length and division in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of sociology and social policy. - 0144-333X .- 1758-6720. ; 40:5, s. 479-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Parental leave in Sweden can be taken both as paid and unpaid leave and often parents mix these forms in a very flexible way. Therefore, multiple methodological issues arise regarding how to most accurately measure leave length. The purpose of this paper is to review the somewhat complex legislation and the possible ways of using parental leave before presenting a successful attempt of a more precise way of measuring leave lengths, including paid and unpaid days, for mothers and fathers.Design/methodology/approach – The study makes use of administrative data for a complete cohort of parents of first born children in 2009 in Sweden. The authors examine what characteristics are associated with the use of paid and unpaid leave for mothers and fathers during the first two years of the child’s life, focusing particularly on how individual and household income is associated with leave patterns.Findings – Among mothers, low income is associated with many paid leave days whereas middle income is associated with most unpaid days. High income mothers use a shorter leave. Among fathers it is the both end swith high and low household income that uses most paid and unpaid leave.Practical implications – A measure that includes unpaid parental leave will be important to not underestimate the parental leave and to prevent faulty comparisons between groups by gender and by socioeconomic status.Originality/value – A measure of parental leave including both paid and unpaid leave will also facilitate international comparisons of leave length.
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| 5. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, et al.
(författare)
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Kvinnors och mäns föräldraledighet
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lönsamt arbete. - Stockholm : Fritzes. - 9789138241080
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, et al.
(författare)
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Parental leave policies and continued childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Demographic Research. - 1435-9871. ; 40:51, s. 1501-1528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Demographic theories maintain that family policies that support gender equality may lead to higher fertility levels in postindustrial societies. This phenomenon is often exemplified by the situation in the Nordic countries. These countries have parental leave policies that promote a gender-equal work-care balance for both parents, and these countries have comparatively high fertility levels. However, very little is known about the association between these policies and childbearing at the individual level.OBJECTIVE We explore how fathers’ parental leave use is related to subsequent childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, and we examine whether differences exist in childbearing outcomes among fathers who use no leave, those who use only the leave allocated to them by the policy, and those who use more than that amount of leave.METHODS The study is based on 15 years of administrative register data on parental leave use in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Event history analysis is used to follow parental couples from the end of the parental leave use for their first or second child until a new birth takes place.RESULTS There is a positive association between fathers’ leave use and second births in all three countries, while there is a negative association between fathers’ parental leave use and third births in Norway and Sweden. Taking more than the ‘father’s quota’ does not consistently increase the second-birth intensities.CONCLUSIONS The two-child norm is closely connected to the norm of fathers being engaged in childrearing, while only a select group of fathers continue with a third child.CONTRIBUTION The study shows that the association between gender equality and fertility differs between countries and by the parity of the child. It also shows the need to differentiate between policy-induced gender-equal behavior and gender-egalitarian parenting.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Iranmanesh, Ida Sadat, 1983-
(författare)
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On-chip Ultrasonic Sample Preparation
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Acoustofluidics has become a well-established technology in the lab-on-a-chip scientific community. The technology involves primarily the manipulation of fluids and/or particles in microfluidic systems. It is used today for variety of applications such as handling, sorting, washing and separation of cells or micro-particles, and for mixing and pumping of fluids. When such manipulation functions are integrated in micro-devices, the technology has been used for clinical sample preparation as well as for studying various fundamental bio-related questions.In this doctoral thesis, we have developed different acoustic methods and micro-devices with the aim to create a multi-functional sample preparation platform. We introduced a simple method for in-situ measurements of acoustic energy densities inside a microfluidic channel, from which acoustic pressure amplitudes can be extracted. The method has been used for determining the magnitude of acoustic radiation forces acting on suspended particles and cells inside an acoustofluidic system. For optimization of acoustophoresis (i.e. manipulation of particles into the nodes of standing waves), we have investigated different designs of ultrasonic transducers based on tunable-angle wedges and backing layers attached to glass-silicon microfluidic chips. Furthermore, we have investigated the implementation of frequency-modulated actuation methodology combined with broadbanded ultrasonic transducers, and the implementation of multiple ultrasonic manipulation functions localized to spatially separated zones in a complex microchannel network. We demonstrate two different bio-applications useful for multi-step and multi-functional sample preparation. First, we demonstrate a micro-device for size-based separation, isolation and up-concentration of cells, followed by microscopy-based dynamic monitoring of individual cell properties when introducing different reagents. This holds great promise for use in cellular and molecular diagnostics. Second, we demonstrate an acoustic method for micro-vortexing in µL-volume reaction chambers in disposable polymer chips. The method is used for fast mixing of fluids, for disaggregating and re-suspending magnetically trapped and clumped micro-beads, and for cell lysis followed by DNA extraction. Finally, we demonstrate a temperature-controlled device compatible with high-acoustic-pressure (1 MPa) ultrasonic manipulation of cells, and we demonstrate that cells can be exposed to standing-wave ultrasound at 1 MPa for one hour without compromising the cell viability.
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| 9. |
- Jonsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of creatinine-based methods for estimating glomerular filtration rate in patients with heart failure
- 2020
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Ingår i: ESC Heart Failure. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2055-5822. ; 7:3, s. 1150-1160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Glomerular filtration rate is an important factor in management of heart failure (HF). Our objective was to validate eight creatinine-based equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in an HF population against measured glomerular filtration rate.Methods and results: One hundred forty-six HF patients (mean age 68 +/- 13 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 45% +/- 15) within a single-centre hospital that underwent Cr-51-EDTA clearance between 2010 and 2018 were included in this retrospective study. eGFR was estimated by means of Cockcroft-Gault ideal and actual weight, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD), simplified MDRD with isotope dilution mass spectroscopy traceable calibration, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration, revised Lund-Malmo, full age spectrum, and the Berlin Initiative Study 1. Mean measured glomerular filtration rate was 42 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) had the highest precision for MDRD (r = 0.9), followed by revised Lund-Malmo (r = 0.88). All equations except MDRD (mean difference -4.8%) resulted in an overestimation of the renal function. The accuracy was below 75% for all equations except MDRD.Conclusions: None of the exclusively creatinine-based methods was accurate in predicting eGFR in HF patients. Our findings suggest that more accurate methods are needed for determining eGFR in patients with HF.
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| 10. |
- Lappegård, Trude, et al.
(författare)
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Fathers' Use of Parental Leave and Union Dissolution
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Population. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-6577 .- 1572-9885. ; 36:1, s. 1-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With increasing union dissolution and changing gender behaviour, questions have emerged about possible links between gender equality and union stability. The aim of this article is to examine whether and how early fathers' involvement in child-rearing is associated with union dissolution in three Nordic countries. All three countries have reserved part of their parental leave to be used by one parent in order to promote fathers' engagement in child-rearing. Our analysis uses fathers' parental leave as a proxy for his involvement, and we distinguish between fathers who take no leave (non-conforming fathers), fathers who take only the reserved part (policy-conforming fathers) and fathers who take more than the reserved part (gender-egalitarian-oriented fathers). We find that couples in which the father uses parental leave have a lower risk of union dissolution than couples in which the father takes no leave. The pattern is consistent for all countries, for the whole study period 1993-2011, and for cohabiting and married couples. However, we do not find support for asserting that the couples with greatest gender equality, in which fathers take longer leave than the policy reserves, are the most stable unions, as the pattern is not uniform in the three countries. We attribute this to the fact that gender equality within the family in the Nordic countries is still an ongoing process, and the relationship between gender behaviour and union stability is still in flux.
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