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| 2. |
- Wang, R., et al.
(författare)
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STAR FORMATION AND GAS KINEMATICS OF QUASAR HOST GALAXIES AT z similar to 6: NEW INSIGHTS FROM ALMA
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 773:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C Pi] 158 mu m fine structure line and dust continuum emission from the host galaxies of five redshift 6 quasars. We also report complementary observations of 250 GHz dust continuum and CO (6-5) line emission from the z = 6.00 quasar SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 using the IRAM facilities. The ALMA observations were carried out in the extended array at 0.'' 7 resolution. We have detected the line and dust continuum in all five objects. The derived [C Pi] line luminosities are 1.6 x 10(9) to 8.7 x 10(9) L-circle dot and the [C Pi]-to-FIR luminosity ratios are 2.9-5.1 x 10(-4), which is comparable to the values found in other high-redshift quasar-starburst systems and local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies. The sources are marginally resolved and the intrinsic source sizes (major axis FWHM) are constrained to be 0.'' 3-0.'' 6 (i.e., 1.7-3.5 kpc) for the [C Pi] line emission and 0.'' 2-0.'' 4 (i.e., 1.2-2.3 kpc) for the continuum. These measurements indicate that there is vigorous star formation over the central few kpc in the quasar host galaxies. The ALMA observations also constrain the dynamical properties of the star-forming gas in the nuclear region. The intensity-weighted velocity maps of three sources show clear velocity gradients. Such velocity gradients are consistent with a rotating, gravitationally bound gas component, although they are not uniquely interpreted as such. Under the simplifying assumption of rotation, the implied dynamical masses within the [C Pi]-emitting regions are of order 10(10)-10(11) M-circle dot. Given these estimates, the mass ratios between the supermassive black holes and the spheroidal bulge are an order of magnitude higher than the mean value found in local spheroidal galaxies, which is in agreement with results from previous CO observations of high redshift quasars.
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| 3. |
- Basra, R., et al.
(författare)
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Design and Validation of a New Screening Instrument for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: The Bladder Control Self-Assessment Questionnaire (B-SAQ)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eur Urol. - 0302-2838.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a short patient self-assessment screening questionnaire: bladder control self-assessment questionnaire (B-SAQ) for the evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms. This first validation study was undertaken amongst women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred twenty-nine women attending general gynaecology and urogynaecology clinics completed both the B-SAQ and Kings Health questionnaire prior to medical consultation, and independent physician assessment of the presence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and need for treatment. The psychometric properties of the B-SAQ were subsequently analysed. RESULTS: The B-SAQ was quick and easy to complete, with 89% of respondents completing all items correctly in less than 5min. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha score 0.90-0.91), criterion validity (Pearson's correlation values of 0.79 and 0.81, p<0.0001 with the incontinence impact domain of the Kings Health questionnaire), and test-retest reliability of the questionnaire were good. The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire to identify patients with bothersome LUTS was 98% and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: LUTS are commonly underreported. Empowering patients to self-assess their bladder symptoms and the need for treatment will improve treatment-seeking behaviour. The B-SAQ is a psychometrically robust, short screening questionnaire that offers patients the ability to assess their bladder symptoms and the bother they cause, and the potential benefit of seeking medical help.
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| 4. |
- Kirby, M., et al.
(författare)
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Overactive bladder: The importance of new guidance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Int J Clin Pract. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1368-5031. ; 60:10, s. 1263-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overactive bladder (OAB) affects an estimated 49 million people in Europe, but only a minority receive appropriate treatment. Others are bothered by unacceptable levels of symptoms that severely impair their quality of life and represent a significant financial burden to themselves and to their healthcare providers. Recently updated guidelines from the International Consultation on Incontinence (ICI) and the European Association of Urology (EAU) take account of important new developments in the management of bladder problems in both primary and secondary care. However, local implementation of previous guidance has been variable, with many patients with OAB and other bladder problems failing to gain full benefit from current clinical and scientific understanding of these conditions. The recent expansion of the range of treatments available for OAB and stress urinary incontinence makes it especially important that physicians become aware of the differential diagnosis of these conditions - the questions they need to ask, and the investigations which will help determine the most appropriate course of action.
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| 5. |
- Kirk, KM, et al.
(författare)
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The Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative: Study description and sample characteristics of the Australian and New Zealand arm
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 1440-1614 .- 0004-8674. ; 51:6, s. 583-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anorexia nervosa is a severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality rates. While its aetiology is poorly understood, there is evidence of a significant genetic component. The Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative is an international collaboration which aims to understand the genetic basis of the disorder. This paper describes the recruitment and characteristics of the Australasian Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative sample, the largest sample of individuals with anorexia nervosa ever assembled across Australia and New Zealand.Methods:Participants completed an online questionnaire based on the Structured Clinical Interview Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) eating disorders section. Participants who met specified case criteria for lifetime anorexia nervosa were requested to provide a DNA sample for genetic analysis.Results:Overall, the study recruited 3414 Australians and 543 New Zealanders meeting the lifetime anorexia nervosa case criteria by using a variety of conventional and social media recruitment methods. At the time of questionnaire completion, 28% had a body mass index ⩽ 18.5 kg/m2. Fasting and exercise were the most commonly employed methods of weight control, and were associated with the youngest reported ages of onset. At the time of the study, 32% of participants meeting lifetime anorexia nervosa case criteria were under the care of a medical practitioner; those with current body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2were more likely to be currently receiving medical care (56%) than those with current body mass index ⩾ 18.5 kg/m2(23%). Professional treatment for eating disorders was most likely to have been received from general practitioners (45% of study participants), dietitians (42%) and outpatient programmes (42%).Conclusions:This study was effective in assembling the largest community sample of people with lifetime anorexia nervosa in Australia and New Zealand to date. The proportion of people with anorexia nervosa currently receiving medical care, and the most common sources of treatment accessed, indicates the importance of training for general practitioners and dietitians in treating anorexia nervosa.
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| 6. |
- Rajabali, Saima N., et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of a Smart Urinary Continence Care Assessment System for Nursing Home Residents: A Quasi-Experimental, Sequential Quantitative-Qualitative Methods Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing. - 1071-5754. ; 50:1, s. 48-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of use of an electronic urinary continence assessment system versus usual care on construction of care plans, resource use, and continence care for nursing home (NH) residents. DESIGN: Convergent mixed-methods study comprising a prospective, parallel arm-controlled phase, and concurrent qualitative component. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The study setting was Alberta, a province in Western Canada. Residents requiring a continence assessment or reassessment in an NH with 2 units assigned to intervention (I) and 2 units to usual care (UC). One hundred one residents (I: n = 49; UC: n = 52) participated; 89 (I: n = 43; UC: n = 46) completed the study. The mean age of the UC group was 88.5 (SD = 6.9) years, whereas the mean age of the intervention group was 85.6 (SD = 7.5) years. METHODS: Quantitative data on assessment, resource use, resident quality of life, and continence care outcomes were collected at weeks 0, 2, and 8; plan adherence was assessed at week 16. Qualitative data were collected via interviews. RESULTS: Analysis revealed a significant change in the proportion of residents achieving a reduction in 24-hour pad absorbency (50.6% vs 39.1%, P =.034) at week 8. There were significant differences in between-group changes (total absorbency of pads used in 24 hours and total cost of night pads used). Both groups reported improved health-related quality of life. Analysis of qualitative data revealed 3 themes: resource use; quality of continence care; and system utility and limitations. CONCLUSIONS: A technological solution offering a standardized system of continence assessment provided benefit in terms of quality of care for residents and use of continence containment products; utility was validated by staff.
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| 7. |
- Sharon, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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A Total Molecular Gas Mass Census in z~ 2-3 Star-forming Galaxies: Low-J CO Excitation Probes of Galaxies' Evolutionary States
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 827:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present CO(1-0) observations obtained at the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array for 14 z similar to 2 galaxies with existing CO(3-2) measurements, including 11 galaxies that. contain active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and three submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). We combine this sample with an additional 15 z similar to 2 galaxies from the literature that have both CO(1-0) and CO(3-2) measurements in order to evaluate differences in CO excitation between SMGs and AGN host galaxies, to. measure the effects of CO excitation on the derived molecular gas properties of these populations, and to look for correlations between the molecular gas excitation and other physical parameters. With our expanded sample of CO(3-2)/CO(1-0) line ratio measurements, we do not find a statistically significant difference in the mean line ratio between SMGs and AGN host galaxies as can be found in the literature; we instead find r(3,1) = 1.03. 0.50 for AGN host galaxies and r(3,1) = 0.78. 0.27 for SMGs (or r(3,1) = 0.90 +/- 0.40 for both populations combined). We also do not measure a statistically significant difference between the distributions of the line ratios for these populations at the p = 0.05 level, although this result is less robust. We find no excitation dependence on the index or offset of the integrated Schmidt-Kennicutt relation for the two CO lines, and we. obtain indices consistent with N = 1 for the various subpopulations. However, including low-z "normal" galaxies increases our best-fit Schmidt-Kennicutt index to N similar to 1.2. While we do not reproduce correlations between the CO line width and luminosity, we do reproduce correlations between CO excitation and star-formation efficiency.
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| 8. |
- Smith, N., et al.
(författare)
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Where Do Women With Urinary Incontinence Find Information About Absorbent Products and How Useful Do They Find It?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1071-5754. ; 46:1, s. 44-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine from what sources women with urinary and dual urinary and fecal incontinence sought and received information about incontinence and absorbent products. We also evaluated source utility. DESIGN: Descriptive, embedded, mixed-methods study with qualitative interviews nested into a survey design in a modified explanatory sequence. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The target population was community-dwelling women in Canada who used containment products to manage urinary incontinence. Three hundred fifteen women completed the online survey, and 9 participated in interviews. METHOD: Quantitative data were collected using an online survey that was advertised in multiple locations, including continence and urogynecology clinics, non-for-profit health Web sites, and social media. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Using initial quantitative data results, a semistructured interview guide was designed to gain further insight. Local survey participants were invited to interviews at the end of the survey. Interview transcripts were coded using content analysis. The codes were then collapsed into categories and finally themes. RESULTS: The most common sources of information (n = 284/315) were retail outlets (43%) and television/radio (42%). The greatest percentages of "useful" or "very useful" resources were healthcare professionals (83%). Content analysis identified 5 themes: (1) using existing knowledge, (2) seeking knowledge, (3) finding the right pad, (4) being safe and secure, and (5) perceptions of healthcare professionals' roles. Product choice was made through trial and error; women drew information from a variety of sources, including product labels. Perceptions of helpfulness of experiences with healthcare professionals varied. CONCLUSION: Although women used multiple sources when selecting containment products, they did not receive information in a manner that suited their needs, resulting in a trial-and-error approach to product selection. Healthcare professionals should actively give information on containment products during their assessment of continence in patient encounters.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Wagg, A., et al.
(författare)
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Overactive Bladder and Continence Guidelines: implementation, inaction or frustration?
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Clinical Practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1742-1241 .- 1368-5031. ; 62:10, s. 1588-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Guidelines for the management of continence and overactive bladder are generally available across Europe. For a majority of countries, these have been adopted by professional societies in either urology or gynaecology for local use. There has, however, been little monitoring of formal implementation of these guidelines and seldom any attempt to audit their operation. The state of continence care therefore remains largely unknown. This article reviews current guidelines and their status across Europe and examines what might be relevant from other disease areas to promote successful implementation.
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