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- Coleman, Susan, et al.
(författare)
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Policy Support for Women Entrepreneurs’ Access to Financial Capital : Evidence from Canada, Germany, Ireland, Norway, and the United States
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of small business management (Print). - : Taylor & Francis. - 0047-2778 .- 1540-627X. ; 57:Suppl. 2, s. 296-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This cross-country study documents policies and practices designed to increase women entrepreneurs’ access to financial capital in Canada, Germany, Ireland, Norway, and the United States. Drawing on feminist theory, we examine assumptions of policy alongside the eligibility criteria, rules and regulations of practices. Our findings reveal that four of the five country policies examined were predicated on a neo-liberal perspective that positions women entrepreneurs as economic assets. We offer insights into opportunities for modernizing policies and practices in ways that will enhance the legitimacy of a more diverse array of women entrepreneurs and increase their access to financial capital.
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- Ettl, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Gender, Context and Entrepreneurial Learning
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1756-6266. ; 2:2, s. 108-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to offer an insight into gender, context and entrepreneurial learning of women entrepreneurs in Germany.Design/methodology/approach – The paper explores entrepreneurial learning of women entrepreneurs both conceptually and empirically. Section 1 introduces a conceptual framework, which allows analysing entrepreneurial learning both from an individual gender-specific and from a context-based perspective. Empirically, the paper explores how women entrepreneurs acquire the (business-related) knowledge to start and grow an enterprise and the impact of regional, sector, family and social as well as macro environments in this regard. Findings are based on 31 in-depths interviews with women entrepreneurs and 23 interviews with key experts.Findings – It is found that the meso environment is more of an indirect influence; the macro and micro environments are strong influences on lives and decisions of women entrepreneurs, especially on their opportunity recognition. The business environment has both a direct and indirect influence.Practical implications – The results demonstrate an ongoing need for a contemporary image of women's entrepreneurship in Germany. The major challenge for policy-makers and support organizations therefore lies in propagating diverse entrepreneurial images and in incorporating the diversity of women's entrepreneurship and their specific learning approaches into policies and support offers.Originality/value – The paper contributes a different and so far neglected perspective on entrepreneurial learning and opportunity recognition, drawing attention to the contextual influences and the embedding of cognitive processes.
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- Henry, C., et al.
(författare)
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Women’s entrepreneurship policy : A 13-nation cross-country comparison
- 2017
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth of women's entrepreneurship. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781785364624 - 9781785364617 ; , s. 244-278
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Public policy is a key element within the entrepreneurial ecosystem in that policy has the potential to shape venture creation behavior and entrepreneurial outcomes. In response to studies documenting a gender gap in entrepreneurial activity, government attention to women’s entrepreneurship has increased in the past two decades. Nevertheless, there are few cross-cultural studies to inform policy development. This 13-nation study draws on gender and institutional theory to report on the status of female-focused SME/entrepreneurship policies and to ask: How - and to what extent - do women’s entrepreneurship policies differ among countries? A common methodological approach is used to identify gaps in the policy-practice nexus, highlighting countries where policy is weak but practice is strong and vice versa. Recommendations for future research are advanced.
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