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- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lu, Qianqian, et al.
(författare)
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Ebselen, a multi-target compound : its effects on biological processes and diseases
- 2021
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Ingår i: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1462-3994. ; 23
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ebselen is a well-known synthetic compound mimicking glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which catalyses some vital reactions that protect against oxidative damage. Based on a large number of in vivo and in vitro studies, various mechanisms have been proposed to explain its actions on multiple targets. It targets thiol-related compounds, including cysteine, glutathione, and thiol proteins (e.g., thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase). Owing to this, ebselen is a unique multifunctional agent with important effects on inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell differentiation, immune regulation and neurodegenerative disease, with anti-microbial, detoxifying and anti-tumour activity. This review summarises the current understanding of the multiple biological processes and molecules targeted by ebselen, and its pharmacological applications.
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| 4. |
- Wu, Chenyan
(författare)
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Charting mast cell development in health and systemic mastocytosis
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells give rise to various blood and immune cells, including mast cells. In adults, bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells give rise to mast cell progenitors. These mast cell progenitors circulate in the peripheral blood and mature in peripheral tissues. Mast cells are activated by the cross-linking of immunoglobulin E (IgE) immune complexes bound to the high-affinity receptors, FcεRI. This event causes the release of a series of bioactive substances involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Mast cells play a key role in immunological homeostasis as essential immune cells. By contrast, mast cell dysfunction causes mast cell-related diseases. Systemic mastocytosis is a rare systemic disorder caused by abnormal accumulation of aberrant mast cells. However, in-depth studies of mast cell development in healthy individuals and in patients with mastocytosis are scarce. In the past decade, single-cell RNA sequencing technology has revolutionized the hematopoietic models, making it possible to analyze differentiation trajectories at single cell resolution. Leveraging single-cell RNA-sequencing and cell culture assays, this thesis aims to systematically explore mast cell development in healthy individuals and patients with systemic mastocytosis. In study I, we examined the cell-forming capacity of FcεRI+ progenitors in the bone marrow. In this study we found that CD203c distinguishes the erythroid and mast cell/basophil differentiation trajectories within the FcεRI+ progenitors. In study II, we analyzed the hematopoietic landscape in peripheral blood using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Transcriptome analysis indicated that the genes encoding FcεRI were expressed at the hematopoietic progenitor cell stage and increased in cells that showed a mast cell gene expression signature. In vitro culture revealed the ability of the FcεRI+ progenitor population to rapidly differentiate into mature mast cells. Together, the transcriptome and cell culture assays demonstrated that CD34+ c-Kit+ FcεRI+ progenitors constitute mast cell progenitors (MCPs) in peripheral blood. Subsequent screening of cell surface receptors on the gene expression level and in vitro culture experiments identified novel regulators of MCPs. IL-3 and IL-5 promoted MCP survival. In addition, IL-3 showed a proproliferative effect on MCPs, whereas IL-5 did not. Interestingly, IL-33 significantly downregulated the expression of FcεRI on MCP, suggesting that FcεRI expression can be influenced by the extracellular environment. In study III, we aimed to explore the hematopoietic landscape in the bone marrow of patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM). In this study, we utilized single-cell RNA-sequencing to analyze the hematopoietic landscape of c-Kit+ hematopoietic progenitors isolated from bone marrow, with a focus on mast cells. Our results provide a comprehensive and in-depth analytical resource for research related to hematopoiesis in mastocytosis. Furthermore, using integrated single-cell transcriptome and immunophenotype data, we identified two distinct mast cell subpopulations with distinct expression of CD25, which is as diagnostic marker. Further comparison of CD25+ aberrant mast cells with CD25− mast cells identified a panel of disease-associated markers and revealed new potential pathogenic factors. Altogether, this thesis provides a comprehensive map of mast cell development in healthy individuals and systemic mastocytosis, laying the foundation for further studies on mast cell development in physiological and pathological states.
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| 5. |
- Wu, Chenyan, et al.
(författare)
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Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the identity and regulators of human mast cell progenitors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Blood Advances. - : American Society of Hematology. - 2473-9529 .- 2473-9537. ; 6:15, s. 4439-4449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mast cell accumulation is a hallmark of a number of diseases, including allergic asthma and systemic mastocytosis. Immunoglobulin E-mediated crosslinking of the Fc epsilon RI receptors causes mast cell activation and contributes to disease pathogenesis. The mast cell lineage is one of the least studied among the hematopoietic cell lineages, and controversies remain about whether Fc epsilon RI expression appears during the mast cell progenitor stage or during terminal mast cell maturation. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics analysis to reveal a temporal association between the appearance of Fc epsilon RI and the mast cell gene signature in CD341 hematopoietic progenitors in adult peripheral blood. In agreement with these data, the Fc epsilon RI+ hematopoietic progenitors formed morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally mature mast cells in long-term culture assays. Single-cell transcriptomics analysis further revealed the expression patterns of prospective cytokine receptors regulating development of mast cell progenitors. Culture assays showed that interleukin-3 (IL-3) and IL-5 promoted disparate effects on progenitor cell proliferation and survival, respectively, whereas IL-33 caused robust Fc epsilon RI downregulation. Taken together, we showed that FceRI expression appears at the progenitor stage of mast cell differentiation in peripheral blood. We also showed that external stimuli regulate Fc epsilon RI expression of mast cell progenitors, providing a possible explanation for the variable Fc epsilon RI expression levels during mast cell development.
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