| 1. |
- Wang, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Innovation. - 2666-6758. ; 5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary health. Despite global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants, the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the planet. In response, global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants, as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN's Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention. This review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health, emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health approach. Strategies for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed, underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international levels. Urgent actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.
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| 2. |
- Gao, Jianqiang, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the Influence of ADAS on Drivers’ Evasive Behaviors During Car-Following on Highways
- 2022
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Ingår i: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. - Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore. - 2190-3026 .- 2190-3018. ; 304 SIST, s. 22-31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) are designed to help drivers make reasonable evasive decisions in emergency conditions. However, different drivers have different perceptions of driving risks, resulting in differences in the choice of evasive behaviors (e.g., car-following, overtaking, etc.). To explorer the impact of ADAS on vehicle interaction behaviors under dangerous conditions, this study objectively assessed how ADAS affected drivers’ choice of evasive behaviors in near-crash events (NCEs). An on-road experiment was conducted on public highways in real traffic. The dangerous driving data of NCEs in different working states of ADAS (i.e., activated or not) were collected and combined to classify NCEs’ risk levels: lower, medium, and higher based on the K-means clustering results. Drivers’ evasive behaviors during ADAS engagement (i.e., during the use of the forward collision warning system) were then found closely associated with NCEs’ risk levels. Differences of probabilities for evasive behaviors were further compared within and across the three risk groups. Results showed that ADAS engagement has a positive impact on reducing the occurrence of NCEs and reduces the probability that drivers in medium and high-risk groups choose overtaking behavior. ADAS engagement can help drivers maintain a greater time headway (THW) when taking evasive action. Findings in this study could optimize ADAS intervention strategies and further enhance the ability of safe driving assistance.
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| 3. |
- Santangelo, James S., et al.
(författare)
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Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural dines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.
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| 4. |
- Williams, Jon P, et al.
(författare)
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Nf1 mutation expands an EGFR-dependent peripheral nerve progenitor that confers neurofibroma tumorigenic potential.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cell stem cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1875-9777 .- 1934-5909. ; 3:6, s. 658-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defining growth factor requirements for progenitors facilitates their characterization and amplification. We characterize a peripheral nervous system embryonic dorsal root ganglion progenitor population using in vitro clonal sphere-formation assays. Cells differentiate into glial cells, smooth muscle/fibroblast (SM/Fb)-like cells, and neurons. Genetic and pharmacologic tools revealed that sphere formation requires signaling from the EGFR tyrosine kinase. Nf1 loss of function amplifies this progenitor pool, which becomes hypersensitive to growth factors and confers tumorigenesis. DhhCre;Nf1(fl/fl) mouse neurofibromas contain a progenitor population with similar growth requirements, potential, and marker expression. In humans, NF1 mutation predisposes to benign neurofibromas, incurable peripheral nerve tumors. Prospective identification of human EGFR(+);P75(+) neurofibroma cells enriched EGF-dependent sphere-forming cells. Neurofibroma spheres contain glial-like progenitors that differentiate into neurons and SM/Fb-like cells in vitro and form benign neurofibroma-like lesions in nude mice. We suggest that expansion of an EGFR-expressing early glial progenitor contributes to neurofibroma formation.
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