| 1. |
- Andersson, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
-
Full day modelling of V-shaped organic solar cell
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 85:6, s. 1257-1263
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Folded and planar solar cells are examined with optical simulations, with the finite element method. The maximum photocurrent densities during the full day are compared between cells of different geometries and tilting angles. The change of incident angle and spectrum over time are handled in this analysis. The results show that the light trapping effect of the folded cell makes these cells show higher maximum photocurrent densities than the planar cells during all hours of the day. This is the case for both single and tandem cells. The results also indicate that balancing the currents in the tandem cells by adjusting the active layer thickness may be more cumbersome with the folded tandem cells than the stacked planar cells.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bai, Sai, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethanedithiol Treatment of Solution-Processed ZnO Thin Films: Controlling the Intragap States of Electron Transporting Interlayers for Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Photovoltaics
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlag. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 5:5, s. 1401606-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surface defects of solution-processed ZnO films lead to various intragap states. When the solution-processed ZnO films are used as electron transport interlayers (ETLs) in inverted organic solar cells, the intragap states act as interfacial recombination centers for photogenerated charges and thereby degrade the device performance. Here, a simple passivation method based on ethanedithiol (EDT) treatment is demonstrated, which effectively removes the surface defects of the ZnO nanocrystal films by forming zinc ethanedithiolates. The passivation by EDT treatment modulates the intragap states of the ZnO films and introduces a new intragap band. When the EDT-treated ZnO nanocrystal films are used as ETLs in inverted organic solar cells, both the power conversion efficiency and stability of the devices are improved. The control studies show that the solar cells with EDT-treated ZnO films exhibit reduced charge recombination rates and enhanced charge extraction properties. These features are consistent with the fact that the modulation of the intragap states results in reduction of interfacial recombination as well as the improved charge selectivity and electron transport properties of the ETLs. It is further demonstrated that the EDT treatment-based passivation method can be extended to ZnO films deposited from sol-gel precursors.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bogachuk, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
-
Perovskite Solar Cells with Carbon-Based Electrodes - Quantification of Losses and Strategies to Overcome Them
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 12:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon-based electrodes represent a promising approach to improve stability and up-scalability of perovskite photovoltaics. The temperature at which these contacts are processed defines the absorber grain size of the perovskite solar cell: in cells with low-temperature carbon-based electrodes (L-CPSCs), layer-by-layer deposition is possible, allowing perovskite crystals to be large (>100 nm), while in cells with high-temperature carbon-based contacts (H-CPSCs), crystals are constrained to 10-20 nm in size. To enhance the power conversion efficiency of these devices, the main loss mechanisms are identified for both systems. Measurements of charge carrier lifetime, quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) and light-intensity-dependent behavior, supported by numerical simulations, clearly demonstrate that H-CPSCs strongly suffer from non-radiative losses in the perovskite absorber, primarily due to numerous grain boundaries. In contrast, large crystals of L-CPSCs provide a long carrier lifetime (1.8 mu s) and exceptionally high QFLS of 1.21 eV for an absorber bandgap of 1.6 eV. These favorable characteristics explain the remarkable open-circuit voltage of over 1.1 V in hole-selective layer-free L-CPSCs. However, the low photon absorption and poor charge transport in these cells limit their potential. Finally, effective strategies are provided to reduce non-radiative losses in H-CPSCs, transport losses in L-CPSCs, and to improve photon management in both cell types.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bogachuk, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
-
Rethinking Electrochemical Deposition of Nickel Oxide for Photovoltaic Applications
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2367-198X. ; 8:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thin layer of sputtered or wet-processed nickel oxide (NiOx) is often used to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Remarkably, NiOx can also be deposited by a recently developed electrochemical method, which is considered promising due to its short processing time, absence of high-vacuum conditions, and ease of manufacturing. Such electrochemically deposited NiOx (eleNiOx) is obtained by applying an electric bias to the front electrode of a PSC or perovskite solar module (PSM). Therefore, the electrode sheet resistance affects the current distribution through it, creating a gradient in the amount of charge provided for the electrochemical reaction. Consequently, this leads to the inhomogeneity in the formed eleNiOx, which has numerous implications on the final photovoltaic performance of PSMs. In this work, the interdependencies between the electrode sheet resistance, current distribution, eleNiOx thickness gradient, and the caused power losses of large area PSMs are discussed. By coupling the experimental findings with our numerical simulations, it is found that heterogeneity in surface potential of even small-sized modules can lead to severe differences in local eleNiOx thickness and photovoltaic performance. Therefore the potential drop across the front electrode is an inherent problem of this deposition method and potential approaches are proposed to minimize it. The synergy between several numerical simulation methods and the experimental work provides an additional critical insight into the electrochemical deposition process of nickel oxide and how important it is for the performance and stability of the large-area perovskite photovoltaic modules. It is believed that the conclusions drawn from this study are universally applicable to other electrochemically deposited layers as well.image (c) 2023 WILEY-VCH GmbH
|
|
| 5. |
- Du, Chun, et al.
(författare)
-
9-Alkylidene-9H-Fluorene-Containing Polymer for High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Macromolecules. - : American Chemical Society. - 0024-9297 .- 1520-5835. ; 44:19, s. 7617-7624
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel donor-acceptor copolymer containing 9-alkylidene-9H-fluorene unit in the main chain, poly[9-(1-hexylheptylidene)-2,7-fluorene-alt-5, 5-(4,7-di-2-thienyl-5,6-dialkoxy-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PAFDTBT), has been synthesized and evaluated in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ PSCs). The polymer possesses a low band gap of 1.84 eV, a low-lying HOMO energy level (5.32 eV), and excellent solubility in common organic solvents. PSCs based on PAFDTBT and (6,6)-phenyl-C(71)-butyric add methyl ester (PC(71)BM) demonstrate a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.2% with a high fill factor (FF) of 0.70, which indicates that 9-alkylidene-9H-fluorene can be a very useful building block for constructing narrow band gap conjugated polymers for high-efficiency BHJ PSCs.
|
|
| 6. |
- Krebs, Frederik C, et al.
(författare)
-
A round robin study of flexible large-area roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cell modules
- 2009
-
Ingår i: SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248. ; 93:11, s. 1968-1977
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A round robin for the performance of roll-to-roll coated flexible large-area polymer solar-cell modules involving 18 different laboratories in Northern America, Europe and Middle East is presented. The study involved the performance measurement of the devices at one location (Riso DTU) followed by transportation to a participating laboratory for performance measurement and return to the starting location (Riso DTU) for re-measurement of the performance. It was found possible to package polymer solar-cell modules using a flexible plastic barrier material in such a manner that degradation of the devices played a relatively small role in the experiment that has taken place over 4 months. The method of transportation followed both air-mail and surface-mail paths.
|
|
| 7. |
- Li, Weiwei, et al.
(författare)
-
The Effect of additive on performance and shelf-stability of HSX-1/PCBM photovoltaic devices
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Organic electronics. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 1566-1199 .- 1878-5530. ; 12:9, s. 1544-1551
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) enhances performance of polymer solar cells based on polymer HXS-1 and fullerene [6,6]-phenyl C(71)-butyric acid methyl ester (PC(71)BM) from 3.6% to 5.4% is scrutinized with several techniques by comparing devices or blend films spin-coated from dichlorobenzene (DCB) to those from DCB/DIO (97.5:2.5 v/v). Morphology of blend films is examined with atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron tomography (3-D TEM), respectively. Charge generation and recombination is studied with photoluminescence, and charge transport with field effect transistors. The morphology with domain size in 10-20 nm and vertical elongated clusters formed in DIO system is supposed to facilitate charge transport and minimize charge carrier recombination, which are the main reasons for enhancing power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.6% (without DIO) to 5.4% (with DIO). Furthermore, a two year inspection shows no significant impact of DIO on the shelf-stability of the solar cells. No visible degradation in the second year indicates that the morphology of the active layers in the devices is relatively stable after initial relaxation in the first year.
|
|
| 8. |
- Qin, Ruiping, et al.
(författare)
-
A Planar Copolymer for High Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells
- 2009
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 131:41, s. 14612-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An alternating copolymer, poly(2-(5-(5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-7-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-9-octyt-9H-carbazole) (HXS-1), was designed, synthesized, and used as the donor material for high efficiency polymer solar cells. The close packing of the polymer chains in the solid state was confirmed by XRD. A J(sc) of 9.6 mA/cm(2), a V-proportional to of 0.81 V, an FF of 0.69, and a PCE of 5.4% were achieved with HXS-1 and [6,6]-phenyl C-71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as a bulk heterojunction active layer spin-coated from a solvent mixture of 1,2-dichlorobenzene and 1,8-diodooctane (97.5:2.5) under air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5 G) irradiation of 100 mW/cm(2).
|
|
| 9. |
- Shao, Shuyan, et al.
(författare)
-
In Situ Formation of MoO3 in PEDOT:PSS Matrix: A Facile Way to Produce a Smooth and Less Hygroscopic Hole Transport Layer for Highly Stable Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlag Berlin. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 3:3, s. 349-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A solution-processed neutral hole transport layer is developed by in situ formation of MoO3 in aqueous PEDOT:PSS dispersion (MoO3-PEDOT:PSS). This MoO3-PEDOT:PSS composite film takes advantage of both the highly conductive PEDOT:PSS and the ambient conditions stability of MoO3; consequently it possesses a smooth surface and considerably reduced hygroscopicity. The resulting bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ PSC) based on poly[2,3-bis-(3-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline-5,8-diyl-alt-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (TQ1):[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) blends using MoO3-PEDOT:PSS composite film as hole transport layer (HTL) show considerable improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE), from 5.5% to 6.4%, compared with the reference pristine PEDOT:PSS-based device. More importantly, the device with MoO3-PEDOT:PSS HTL shows considerably improved stability, with the PCE remaining at 80% of its original value when stored in ambient air in the dark for 10 days. In comparison, the reference solar cell with PEDOT:PSS layer shows complete failure within 10 days. This MoO3-PEDOT:PSS implies the potential for low-cost roll-to-roll fabrication of high-efficiency polymer solar cells with long-term stability at ambient conditions.
|
|
