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| 2. |
- Sakornsakolpat, Phuwanat, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic landscape of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identifies heterogeneous cell-type and phenotype associations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:3, s. 494-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of respiratory mortality worldwide. Genetic risk loci provide new insights into disease pathogenesis. We performed a genome-wide association study in 35,735 cases and 222,076 controls from the UK Biobank and additional studies from the International COPD Genetics Consortium. We identified 82 loci associated with P < 5 x 10-8; 47 of these were previously described in association with either COPD or population-based measures of lung function. Of the remaining 35 new loci, 13 were associated with lung function in 79,055 individuals from the SpiroMeta consortium. Using gene expression and regulation data, we identified functional enrichment of COPD risk loci in lung tissue, smooth muscle, and several lung cell types. We found 14 COPD loci shared with either asthma or pulmonary fibrosis. COPD genetic risk loci clustered into groups based on associations with quantitative imaging features and comorbidities. Our analyses provide further support for the genetic susceptibility and heterogeneity of COPD.
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| 3. |
- Sharma, Manish, et al.
(författare)
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Older Patients with Myeloma Derive Similar Benefit from Autologous Transplantation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biology of blood and marrow transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1083-8791 .- 1523-6536. ; 20:11, s. 1796-1803
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) for plasma cell myeloma is performed less often in people >70 years old than in people <= 70 years old. We analyzed 11,430 AHCT recipients for plasma cell myeloma prospectively reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research between 2008 and 2011, representing the majority of US AHCT activity during this period. Survival (OS) was compared in 3 cohorts: ages 18 to 59 years (n = 5818), 60 to 69 years (n = 4666), and >70 years (n = 946). Median OS was not reached for any cohort. In multivariate analysis, increasing age was associated with mortality (P = .0006). Myeloma-specific mortality was similar among cohorts at 12%, indicating an age-related effect on nonmyeloma mortality. Analyses were performed in a representative subgroup comparing relapse rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM). One-year NRM was 0% for age >70 years and 2% for other ages (P = not significant). The three-year relapse rate was 56% in age 18 to 59 years, 61% in age 60 to 69 years, and 63% age >70 (P = not significant). Three-year PFS was similar at 42% in age 18 to 59 years, 38% in age 60 to 69 years, and 33% in age >70 years (P = not significant). Postrelapse survival was significantly worse for the older cohort (P = .03). Older subjects selected for AHCT derived similar antimyeloma benefit without worse NRM, relapse rate, or PFS.
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| 4. |
- Tahir, Haroon Elrasheid, et al.
(författare)
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HPLC-DAD, GC-MS, UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS2, ICP-MS and FT-NIR combined with the chemometrics explain seasonal variation in Cassia senna L. leaves from the coast of Red Sea in Sudan
- 2023
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Ingår i: South African Journal of Botany. - : Elsevier. - 0254-6299 .- 1727-9321. ; 163, s. 20-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crops reveal considerable capability to regulate their phytochemicals and trace element contents to seasonal changes in temperature and rainfalls. In this study, we have measured the secondary metabolites, volatiles, and trace elements of Cassia senna L leaves collected from the Red Sea State, Sudan during winter 2018, summer 2019, and autumn 2020. Chemical profiles were evaluated by High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC); Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR). 46 metabolites, 33 volatile compounds, and 13 elements were reported. The findings suggested significant seasonal variations in sennoside (A-B) compounds, which were reported to have positive health effects. In this study, aloesin was identified for the first time in senna leaves. Analysis of seasonal variations was obtained by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant model. Additionally, chemical markers for each harvest season were reported. Overall, the number of metabolites and volatiles identified as a function of the season was autumn > summer> winter. Our results have enhanced the knowledge of the selection of harvesting time, with the best characteristics for the intended therapeutic application.(c) 2023 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Tahir, Haroon Elrasheid, et al.
(författare)
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Smart films fabricated from natural pigments for measurement of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content of meat for freshness evaluation : A systematic review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 396
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major databases were searched from January 2012 to August 2021 and 54 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis to estimate the overall mean of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) in meat. The mean of TVB-N was 24.96 mg/100 g (95 % CI:23.10-26.82). The pooled estimate of naphthoquinone, curcumin, anthocyanins, alizarin and betalains were 25.98 mg/100 g (95 %CI:19.63-32.33), 30.03 mg/100 g (95 %CI: 24.15-35.91), 24.92 mg/100 g (95 %CI: 22.55-27.30), 23.37 mg/100 g (95 %CI:19.42-27.33) and 19.50 mg/100 g (95 % CI:17.87-21.12), respectively. Meanwhile, subgroups based on meat types showed that smart film was most used in aquatic products at 27.19 mg/100 g (95 %CI:24.97-29.42), followed by red meat at 19.69 mg/100 g (95 % CI:17.44-21.94). Furthermore, 4 degrees C was the most storage temperature used for testing the performance of smart films at 25.48 mg/100 g (95 %CI:23.05-27.90), followed by storage at 25 degrees C of 25.65 mg/100 g (95 % CI:22.17-29.13). Substantial heterogeneity was found across the eligible studies (I-2 = 99 %, p = 0.00). The results of the trim-and-fill method demonstrated publication bias was well controlled.
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| 6. |
- Tahir, Haroon Elrasheid, et al.
(författare)
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The use of analytical techniques coupled with chemometrics for tracing the geographical origin of oils : A systematic review (2013-2020)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 366
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global market for imported, high-quality priced foods has grown dramatically in the last decade, as consumers become more conscious of food originating from around the world. Many countries require the origin label of food to protect consumers need about true characteristics and origin. Regulatory authorities are looking for an extended and updated list of the analytical techniques for verification of authentic oils and to support law implementation. This review aims to introduce the efforts made using various analytical tools in combination with the multivariate analysis for the verification of the geographical origin of oils. The popular analytical tools have been discussed, and scientometric assessment that underlines research trends in geographical authentication and preferred journals used for dissemination has been indicated. Overall, we believe this article will be a good guideline for food industries and food quality control authority to assist in the selection of appropriate methods to authenticate oils.
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| 7. |
- Abd El-Wahed, Aida A., et al.
(författare)
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Cosmetic Applications of Bee Venom
- 2021
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Ingår i: Toxins. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6651 .- 2072-6651. ; 13:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bee venom (BV) is a typical toxin secreted by stingers of honeybee workers. BV and BV therapy have long been attractive to different cultures, with extensive studies during recent decades. Nowadays, BV is applied to combat several skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, alopecia, vitiligo, and psoriasis. BV is used extensively in topical preparations as cosmetics and used as dressing for wound healing, as well as in facemasks. Nevertheless, the safety of BV as a therapeutic choice has always been a concern due to the immune system reaction in some people due to BV use. The documented unfavorable impact is explained by the fact that the skin reactions to BV might expand to excessive immunological responses, including anaphylaxis, that typically resolve over numerous days. This review aims to address bee venom therapeutic uses in skin cosmetics.
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| 8. |
- Bunaziv, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
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Filler metal distribution and processing stability in laser-arc hybrid welding of thick HSLA steel
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Manufacturing Processes. - : Elsevier. - 1526-6125. ; 54, s. 228-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Welds made by high power laser beam have deep and narrow geometry. Addition of filler wire by the arc source, forming the laser-arc hybrid welding (LAHW) process, is very important to obtain required mechanical properties. Distribution of molten wire throughout the entire weld depth is of concern since it tends to have low transportation ability to the root. Accurate identification of filler metal distribution is very challenging. Metal-cored wires can provide high density of non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) which are important for acicular ferrite nucleation. Accurate filler distribution can be recognized based on statistical characterization of NMIs in the weld. In the present study, it was found that the amount of filler metal decreased linearly towards the root. The filler metal tends to accumulate in the upper part of the weld and has a steep decrease at 45–55 % depth which also has wavy pattern based on longitudinal cuts. Substantial hardness variation in longitudinal direction was observed, where in the root values can reach > 300 HV. Excessive porosity was generated at 75 % depth due to unstable and turbulent melt flow based on morphology of prior austenite grains. The delicate balance of process parameters is important factor for both process stability and filler metal distribution.
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| 9. |
- El-Seedi, Hesham, et al.
(författare)
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A Spotlight on the Egyptian Honeybee (Apis mellifera lamarckii)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2615. ; 12:20
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Egypt has an ongoing long history with beekeeping, which started with the ancient Egyptians making various reliefs and inscriptions of beekeeping on their tombs and temples. The Egyptian honeybee (Apis mellifera lamarckii) is an authentic Egyptian honeybee subspecies utilized in apiculture. A. m. lamarckii is a distinct honeybee subspecies that has a particular body color, size, and high levels of hygienic behavior. Additionally, it has distinctive characteristics; including the presence of the half-queens, an excessive number of swarm cells, high adaptability to climatic conditions, good resistance to specific bee diseases, including the Varro disorder, and continuous breeding during the whole year despite low productivity, using very little propolis, and tending to abscond readily. This review discusses the history of beekeeping in Egypt and its current situation in addition to its morphology, genetic analysis, and distinctive characters, and the defensive behaviors of native A. m. lamarckii subspecies.
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| 10. |
- El-Seedi, Hesham, et al.
(författare)
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Chemistry and the Potential Antiviral, Anticancer, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cardiotonic Steroids Derived from Toads
- 2022
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1431-5157 .- 1420-3049. ; 27:19
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiotonic steroids (CTS) were first documented by ancient Egyptians more than 3000 years ago. Cardiotonic steroids are a group of steroid hormones that circulate in the blood of amphibians and toads and can also be extracted from natural products such as plants, herbs, and marines. It is well known that cardiotonic steroids reveal effects against congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation; therefore, the term cardiotonic has been coined. Cardiotonic steroids are divided into two distinct groups: cardenolides (plant-derived) and bufadienolides (mainly of animal origin). Cardenolides have an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring attached to the steroid nucleus at position 17; bufadienolides have a doubly unsaturated six-membered lactone ring. Cancer is a leading cause of mortality in humans all over the world. In 2040, the global cancer load is expected to be 28.4 million cases, which would be a 47% increase from 2020. Moreover, viruses and inflammations also have a very nebative impact on human health and lead to mortality. In the current review, we focus on the chemistry, antiviral and anti-cancer activities of cardiotonic steroids from the naturally derived (toads) venom to combat these chronic devastating health problems. The databases of different research engines (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Sci-Finder) were screened using different combinations of the following terms: cardiotonic steroids, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, toad venom, bufadienolides, and poison chemical composition. Various cardiotonic steroids were isolated from diverse toad species and exhibited superior anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities in in vivo and in vitro models such as marinobufagenin, gammabufotalin, resibufogenin, and bufalin. These steroids are especially difficult to identify. However, several compounds and their bioactivities were identified by using different molecular and biotechnological techniques. Biotechnology is a new tool to fully or partially generate upscaled quantities of natural products, which are otherwise only available at trace amounts in organisms.
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