| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Zanchetti, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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Blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol lowering for prevention of strokes and cognitive decline: a review of available trial evidence.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 32:9, s. 1741-1750
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well established by a large number of randomized controlled trials that lowering blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by drugs are powerful means to reduce stroke incidence, but the optimal BP and LDL-C levels to be achieved are largely uncertain. Concerning BP targets, two hypotheses are being confronted: first, the lower the BP, the better the treatment outcome, and second, the hypothesis that too low BP values are accompanied by a lower benefit and even higher risk. It is also unknown whether BP lowering and LDL-C lowering have additive beneficial effects for the primary and secondary prevention of stroke, and whether these treatments can prevent cognitive decline after stroke.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hong, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetrically coupled co single-atom and co nanoparticle in double-shelled carbon-based nanoreactor for enhanced reversible oxygen catalysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simultaneous construction of size-asymmetric metal single atoms and nanoparticle active sites in advanced and robust carrier materials is particularly important yet challenging for efficient reversible oxygen catalysis. Herein, a facile “chemical etching/in-Situ capture” synthesis strategy was developed to fabricate a unique double-shelled carbon-based nanobox integrated with size-asymmetric Co single-atom (CoSA) and metallic Co nanoparticle (CoNP) moiety. As expected, this well-managed catalyst product yielded remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic performances in alkaline electrolytes, with a decent half-wave potential of 0.886 V for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a small overpotential of 341 mV at 10 mA/cm2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Besides, this nanobox catalyst served as a cost-effective and efficient oxygen electrode in the assembled rechargeable ZABs, exceeding the mixed electrocatalyst of expensive Pt/C-RuO2, in terms of the elevated peak power density of 239 mW/cm2, the promoted specific capacity of 770 mAh/gZn, as well as the appreciable charge–discharge cycle stability. Theoretical calculations revealed that the strong interaction between the delicate CoSA site and CoNP phase, could effectively optimize the adsorption and desorption energy barriers of reaction intermediates on the designed catalyst surface, thus achieving synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic activity towards ORR and OER. This finding affords a feasible and effective strategy to achieve highly active and durable bifunctional catalysts for both fundamental research and practical rechargeable ZABs applications.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Li, Ziyao, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic-level orbital coupling in a tri-metal alloy site enables highly efficient reversible oxygen electrocatalysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 11:5, s. 2155-2167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complex multi-metallic alloys with ultra-small sizes have received extensive attention in the fields of Zn-air battery and water splitting, because of their unique advantages including adjustable composition, tailorable active sites, and optimizable electronic structure. In this effort, an atomic-level orbital coupling strategy is presented to effectively regulate the electronic structures of ultra-small tri-metal Fe-Co-Ni nanoalloy particles confined in an N-doped carbon hollow nanobox. As expected, the optimal nanoalloy hybrid material exhibited notable bi-functional catalytic performances toward the oxygen reduction reaction (half-wave potential of 0.902 V) and oxygen evolution reaction (1.589 V at 10 mA cm−2) with a small ΔE of 0.687 V, exceeding the precious-metal-based and many previously reported catalysts. Furthermore, the as-assembled Zn-air device also displayed a superior specific capacity of 894 mA h g−1, a maximal power density of 247 mW cm−2, and impressive durability (over 100 hours). Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed that the electronic structures could be finely tuned and optimized through ternary metal alloying, resulting in a suitable d-band center and advantageous interfacial charge-transfer, which in turn could effectively reduce the involved energy barriers in the electrocatalytic process and significantly boost its intrinsic activity of reversible oxygen catalysis. Thus, this work affords an effective method for the rational creation of bi-functional non-noble-metal-based electrocatalysts for sustainable energy technology.
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| 8. |
- Nie, Zhicheng, et al.
(författare)
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Tailoring the d-band center by intermetallic charge-transfer manipulation in bimetal alloy nanoparticle confined in N-doped carbon nanobox for efficient rechargeable Zn-air battery
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this effort, the electronic-structure modulation strategy through nano-alloying was rationally designed to fabricate Fe-Ni alloy particles embedded in an N-doped carbon nanobox. The as-developed catalyst outperformed the commercialized noble-metal benchmarks with a decent half-wave potential of 0.891 V for ORR and a small overpotential of 325 mV at 10 mA/cm2 for OER both in 0.1 M KOH solution. Beyond that, a highly-efficient regenerative Zn-air battery was also successfully constructed, evidenced by a small potential gap of 0.664 V (between Ej=10 and E1/2), a high specific capacity of 763 mAh/g, a large peak power density of 270 mW/cm2, and robust stability. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical simulation confirmed that the alloying of Ni into Fe could well manipulate the electronic structure, leading to favorable intermetallic charge-transfer and then downshifting the d-band center of Fe adsorption sites, all of which help to significantly lower the reaction barriers of the involved intermediates during the electrocatalytic ORR/OER processes.
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| 9. |
- Nie, Zhicheng, et al.
(författare)
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Vacancy and doping engineering of Ni-based charge-buffer electrode for highly-efficient membrane-free and decoupled hydrogen/oxygen evolution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 642, s. 714-723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The realization of the membrane-free two-step water electrolysis is particularly important yet challenging for the low-cost and large-scale supply of hydrogen energy. In this effort, Co-doped Ni(OH)2 nanosheets were successfully anchored onto the nickel foam (NF) substrate through the in-situ growth of metal-organic frame material and the subsequent alkali-etching technique. Using the well-regulated Co-doping Ni(OH)2@NF electrodes as a charge mediator, electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were decoupled on time scales, thus affording a membrane-free two-step route for H2 and O2 productions. In this architecture, the first HER process on the cathode could be maintained for 1300 s at a current of 100 mA, while the corresponding Ni(OH)2 charge mediator was simultaneously oxidized to NiOOH, with a decent cell voltage of 1.542 V. The subsequent OER process involved a reduction/regeneration of Ni(OH)2 (from NiOOH to Ni(OH)2) and an anodic O2-production, with an operating voltage of 0.291 V. Moreover, the Ni-Zn battery assembled through the combination of NiOOH and Zn sheet could replace the second step of OER to achieve the coupling of continuous H2-production and battery discharge, thus also providing a new way for hydrogen production without an external power supply. Experiment and theoretical calculations have shown that the cobalt-doping not only improved the conductivity of the charge-buffer electrode, but also shifted its redox potential cathodically and boosted the adsorption affinity of the buffer medium to OH– ions, both contributing to promoted HER and OER activity. Therefore, this decoupled water electrolysis device affords a promising pathway to support the efficient conversion of renewables to hydrogen.
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| 10. |
- Xinhua, Liu, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Neural Network Control Approach for a Humanoid Arm
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement, and Control. - : ASME Press. - 0022-0434 .- 1528-9028. ; 141:10, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study extended the knowledge over the improvement of the control performance for a seven degrees-of-freedom (7DOF) humanoid arm. An improved adaptive Gaussian radius basic function neural network (RBFNN) approach was proposed to ensure the reliability and stability of the humanoid arm control. Considering model uncertainties, the established dynamic model for the humanoid arm was divided into a nominal model and an error model. The error model was approximated by the RBFNN learning to compensate the uncertainties. The contribution of this study mainly concentrates on employing fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) to optimize the basic width parameter of the RBFNN, which can enhance the capability of the error approximation speed. Additionally, the output weights of the neural network were adjusted using the Lyapunov stability theory to improve the robustness of the RBFN-based error model. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to optimize the system state with less tracking errors, regulate the uncertain nonlinear dynamic characteristics, and effectively reduce unexpected interferences.
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