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| 2. |
- Chen, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of incident cardiovascular disease among patients with gastrointestinal disorder : a prospective cohort study of 330,751 individuals.
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes. - 2058-5225 .- 2058-1742.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The associations between gastrointestinal diseases (GIs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were unclear. We conducted a prospective cohort study to explore their associations.METHODS: This study included 330 751 individuals without baseline CVD from the UK Biobank cohort. Individuals with and without GIs were followed up until the ascertainment of incident CVDs, including coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), heart failure (HF) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The diagnosis of diseases was confirmed with combination of the nationwide inpatient data, primary care data, and cancer registries. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the associations between GIs and the risk of incident CVD.RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 31 605 incident CVD cases were diagnosed. Individuals with GIs had an elevated risk of CVD (hazard ratio 1.37; 95% confidence interval 1.34-1.41, P < 0.001). Eleven out of fifteen GIs were associated with an increased risk of CVD after Bonferroni-correction, including cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gastritis and duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome, Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer, celiac disease, diverticulum, appendicitis, and biliary disease. The associations were stronger among women, individuals aged ≤ 60 years, and those with body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2.CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale prospective cohort study revealed the associations of GIs with an increased risk of incident CVD, in particular CHD and PAD. These findings support the reinforced secondary CVD prevention among patients with gastrointestinal disorders.
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| 3. |
- Fang, Li Tai, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing community reference samples, data and call sets for benchmarking cancer mutation detection using whole-genome sequencing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Nature. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 39:9, s. 1151-1160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor-normal paired DNA samples from a breast cancer cell line and a matched lymphoblastoid cell line enable calibration of clinical sequencing pipelines and benchmarking 'tumor-only' or 'matched tumor-normal' analyses. The lack of samples for generating standardized DNA datasets for setting up a sequencing pipeline or benchmarking the performance of different algorithms limits the implementation and uptake of cancer genomics. Here, we describe reference call sets obtained from paired tumor-normal genomic DNA (gDNA) samples derived from a breast cancer cell line-which is highly heterogeneous, with an aneuploid genome, and enriched in somatic alterations-and a matched lymphoblastoid cell line. We partially validated both somatic mutations and germline variants in these call sets via whole-exome sequencing (WES) with different sequencing platforms and targeted sequencing with >2,000-fold coverage, spanning 82% of genomic regions with high confidence. Although the gDNA reference samples are not representative of primary cancer cells from a clinical sample, when setting up a sequencing pipeline, they not only minimize potential biases from technologies, assays and informatics but also provide a unique resource for benchmarking 'tumor-only' or 'matched tumor-normal' analyses.
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| 4. |
- Niu, Caoping, et al.
(författare)
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Configuration stability and physical properties of new diamondene structure
- 2023
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Ingår i: Materials Today Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4928. ; 36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of monolayer diamond or diamondene based on bi-layer graphene through pressure conversion, combining characteristics of both graphene and diamond, has been confirmed theoretically and experimentally. In this work, by extending diamondene structure to the minimum repeating unit of bulk diamond along different crystallographic orientations, the configuration stability and physical properties of 21 kinds of diamondene were systematically investigated based on first-principles methods, and effects of hydrogen saturation were also presented. It was found that diamondene formed by compressing layered graphene would graphitize, and surface termination could prevent the graphitization. The electronic properties of diamondene can be adjusted by the concentration of H atoms with the bandgap varying from 0 eV to 3.45 eV, and some configurations exhibit ferromagnetism or anti-ferromagnetism. Moreover, diamondene has a high Young's modulus comparable to bulk diamond. Particularly, the configuration containing dumbbell units is twice as hard as diamond. The formation energies of all stable diamondene configurations were illustrated, and it was found that it is easier to synthesize diamondene by compressing few-layer graphene. Furthermore, the instability law of two-dimensional carbon structure was systematically discussed, which is important for designing new carbon allotropes.
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| 5. |
- Shi, Wenming, et al.
(författare)
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Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children : A multi-center study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07-1.18), 1.02 (1.00-1.04), 1.06 (1.04-1.09), 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and 1.09 (1.06-1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3- and OM.
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| 7. |
- Shi, Wenming, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary phthalate metabolites in relation to childhood asthmatic and allergic symptoms in Shanghai
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 121, s. 276-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Few studies can be found on phthalate exposure in relation to childhood asthma and allergic symptoms from Mainland China, where a persistent increase in prevalence of childhood asthma and allergic disease has been observed. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the exposure levels to phthalates and its relationship with asthmatic and allergic symptoms among children in Shanghai, which has the highest prevalence of childhood asthma in Mainland China. Methods: A follow-up study (2013-2014) of 434 children aged 5-10 years was conducted, based on the China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) study (2011-2012) in Shanghai, China. Information on asthmatic and allergic symptoms (wheeze, rhinitis, and eczema) were collected using validated questionnaires. Ten phthalate metabolites in morning urine samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between symptoms and urinary phthalate metabolites controlling for demographics, family history of allergic diseases and other covariates. Results: Nine out of 10 phthalate metabolites were detected in all subjects (average detection rate of 93.2%). By multivariable logistic regression analyses, the 4th quartile of Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (reference: 1st quartile) had adjusted prevalence odds ratios (aPORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of 2.27(1.06-4.88), 2.14(1.02-4.46) and 2.98(1.19-7.50) for wheeze, rhinitis and eczema, respectively, while those of Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) were 2.23(1.08-4.62) and 2.96(1.02-8.60) for rhinitis and eczema, respectively. The highest quartile of mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate(MEHHP) and mono 2 ethyl 5 ox ohexyl phthalate(MEOHP) had aPORs and 95%CIs of 3.10(1.10-8.74) and 2.63(1.02-6.80) for eczema, respectively. By summing up the 4 low molecular weight metabolites (Sigma 4LMWP) and all 9 metabolites (Sigma(9)Total), the highest quartiles of Sigma 4LMWP and Sigma(9)Total were significantly associated with all symptoms. In most of the above associations, a significantly increasing trend from the 1st to the 4th quartile was observed. Subjects with 2 or 3 concomitant symptoms (reference: no symptoms) had significant positive associations with a higher level (the 4th quartile) of phthalate metabolites. Conclusions: Low MW metabolites such as MnBP and MiBP, high MW DEHP and the total amount of phthalate metabolites might have adverse health effects on asthma and allergic symptoms in Chinese children.
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| 8. |
- Xiao, Wenming, et al.
(författare)
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Toward best practice in cancer mutation detection with whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Nature. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 39:9, s. 1141-1150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recommendations are given on optimal read coverage and selection of calling algorithm to maximize the reproducibility of cancer mutation detection in whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing. Clinical applications of precision oncology require accurate tests that can distinguish true cancer-specific mutations from errors introduced at each step of next-generation sequencing (NGS). To date, no bulk sequencing study has addressed the effects of cross-site reproducibility, nor the biological, technical and computational factors that influence variant identification. Here we report a systematic interrogation of somatic mutations in paired tumor-normal cell lines to identify factors affecting detection reproducibility and accuracy at six different centers. Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES), we evaluated the reproducibility of different sample types with varying input amount and tumor purity, and multiple library construction protocols, followed by processing with nine bioinformatics pipelines. We found that read coverage and callers affected both WGS and WES reproducibility, but WES performance was influenced by insert fragment size, genomic copy content and the global imbalance score (GIV; G > T/C > A). Finally, taking into account library preparation protocol, tumor content, read coverage and bioinformatics processes concomitantly, we recommend actionable practices to improve the reproducibility and accuracy of NGS experiments for cancer mutation detection.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Perylene Diimide-Based Low-Cost and Thickness-Tolerant Electron Transport Layer Enables Polymer Solar Cells Approaching 19% Efficiency
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - 1616-3028 .- 1616-301X. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The materials for electron transport layers (ETLs) play a significant role in the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs) but face challenges, such as low electron transport mobility and conductivity, low solution processibility, and extreme thickness sensitivity, which will undermine the photovoltaic performance and hinder compatibility of large-scale fabrication technique. To address these challenges, a new n-type perylene diimide-based molecule (PDINB) with two special amine-anchored long-side chains is designed and synthesized feasibly. PDINB shows very high solubility in common organic solvents, such as dichloromethane (>75 mg ml−1) and methanol with acetic acid as an additive (>37 mg ml−1), which leads to excellent film formability when deposited on active layers. With PDINB as ETLs, the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs is boosted comprehensively, leading to power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 18.81%. Thanks to the strong self-doping effect and high conductivity of PDINB, it displays an appreciable thickness-tolerant property as ETLs, where the devices remain consistently high PCE values with the thickness varying from 5 to 30 nm. Interestingly, PDINB can be used as a generic ETL in different types of PSCs including non-fullerene PSCs and all-polymer PSCs. Therefore, PDINB can be a potentially competitive candidate as an efficient ETL for PSCs.
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| 10. |
- Zhao, Yongmei, et al.
(författare)
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Whole genome and exome sequencing reference datasets from a multi-center and cross-platform benchmark study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the rapid advancement of sequencing technologies, next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis has been widely applied in cancer genomics research. More recently, NGS has been adopted in clinical oncology to advance personalized medicine. Clinical applications of precision oncology require accurate tests that can distinguish tumor-specific mutations from artifacts introduced during NGS processes or data analysis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop best practices in cancer mutation detection using NGS and the need for standard reference data sets for systematically measuring accuracy and reproducibility across platforms and methods. Within the SEQC2 consortium context, we established paired tumor-normal reference samples and generated whole-genome (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) data using sixteen library protocols, seven sequencing platforms at six different centers. We systematically interrogated somatic mutations in the reference samples to identify factors affecting detection reproducibility and accuracy in cancer genomes. These large cross-platform/site WGS and WES datasets using well-characterized reference samples will represent a powerful resource for benchmarking NGS technologies, bioinformatics pipelines, and for the cancer genomics studies.
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